Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that captures up to 90% of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel power plants and industrial facilities before they enter the atmosphere. It consists of three parts: capturing CO2 through pre-combustion, post-combustion, or oxy-fuel combustion; transporting the captured CO2 via pipelines or ships; and storing the CO2 deep underground in porous rock formations. There are currently four commercial-scale CCS plants operating globally. While CCS could reduce CO2 emissions by 80-90% compared to plants without it, it also increases energy costs and requires significant energy to capture and compress the CO2.
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
This document provides an overview of direct air carbon capture (DAC) technology. It discusses how DAC works to capture carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere using sorbent materials. The captured CO2 can then be stored underground or used for other purposes. While DAC has potential benefits, it also faces challenges like high costs and energy requirements. Ongoing research aims to improve the efficiency and scalability of DAC systems.
This document discusses various methods of carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change, including capturing CO2 from power plant flue gases using chemical absorption with amines, enhancing soil carbon through agricultural practices like no-till farming, storing CO2 in geological formations like depleted oil and gas reservoirs, and increasing terrestrial carbon sinks in forests, soils, and other ecosystems. The large-scale potential of carbon sequestration makes it an important tool for reducing CO2 emissions while still allowing continued fossil fuel usage.
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. It describes different carbon capture methods such as pre-combustion, post-combustion, and cryogenic capture. Post-combustion requires large volumes of solvent and can produce toxic byproducts. Pre-combustion has high construction costs and decreased flexibility. The captured carbon is then transported via pipelines and stored geologically. However, CCS projects face economic challenges like a lack of market incentives and need for large storage volumes. While CCS could enable a transition away from fossil fuels, the technology has yet to be widely implemented due to these technical and economic difficulties.
This document discusses carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from power plant flue gases. It begins by outlining the need to reduce CO2 emissions due to constraints on emissions and fossil fuel resources. It then discusses various CO2 capture technologies currently used or under development for post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion processes. These include chemical absorption, adsorption, membranes, and cryogenic separation. The document also addresses the costs, challenges, and energy penalties associated with implementing CO2 capture at power plants.
This document discusses strategies for carbon capture and storage as well as carbon dioxide utilization at PT Krakatau Steel in Indonesia. It analyzes models for CO2 capture from steel production and power plants, as well as sequestration methods like injection into geological formations or for enhanced oil recovery. Utilization strategies examined include microalgae cultivation for biofuels, seaweed farming to sequester carbon, and thermal decomposition of CO2 into synthesis gas. The document provides an overview of these various carbon reduction program options and references supporting literature.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of the oil industry and proposes control measures. It notes that while oil provides economic benefits, the extraction, refining, and combustion processes release various effluents that harm the environment. Effluents from drilling mud, gaseous emissions, and oil spills are toxic and increase pollution. This leads to issues like global warming, ocean acidification, and acid rain. The document proposes ways to reduce effluents, such as using biodegradable drilling fluids, emissions controls, carbon sequestration, and oil spill cleanup methods. Overall it argues that industries must follow regulations while greater research into mitigation is also needed to protect the environment.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that captures up to 90% of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel power plants and industrial facilities before they enter the atmosphere. It consists of three parts: capturing CO2 through pre-combustion, post-combustion, or oxy-fuel combustion; transporting the captured CO2 via pipelines or ships; and storing the CO2 deep underground in porous rock formations. There are currently four commercial-scale CCS plants operating globally. While CCS could reduce CO2 emissions by 80-90% compared to plants without it, it also increases energy costs and requires significant energy to capture and compress the CO2.
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
This document provides an overview of direct air carbon capture (DAC) technology. It discusses how DAC works to capture carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere using sorbent materials. The captured CO2 can then be stored underground or used for other purposes. While DAC has potential benefits, it also faces challenges like high costs and energy requirements. Ongoing research aims to improve the efficiency and scalability of DAC systems.
This document discusses various methods of carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change, including capturing CO2 from power plant flue gases using chemical absorption with amines, enhancing soil carbon through agricultural practices like no-till farming, storing CO2 in geological formations like depleted oil and gas reservoirs, and increasing terrestrial carbon sinks in forests, soils, and other ecosystems. The large-scale potential of carbon sequestration makes it an important tool for reducing CO2 emissions while still allowing continued fossil fuel usage.
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. It describes different carbon capture methods such as pre-combustion, post-combustion, and cryogenic capture. Post-combustion requires large volumes of solvent and can produce toxic byproducts. Pre-combustion has high construction costs and decreased flexibility. The captured carbon is then transported via pipelines and stored geologically. However, CCS projects face economic challenges like a lack of market incentives and need for large storage volumes. While CCS could enable a transition away from fossil fuels, the technology has yet to be widely implemented due to these technical and economic difficulties.
This document discusses carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from power plant flue gases. It begins by outlining the need to reduce CO2 emissions due to constraints on emissions and fossil fuel resources. It then discusses various CO2 capture technologies currently used or under development for post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion processes. These include chemical absorption, adsorption, membranes, and cryogenic separation. The document also addresses the costs, challenges, and energy penalties associated with implementing CO2 capture at power plants.
This document discusses strategies for carbon capture and storage as well as carbon dioxide utilization at PT Krakatau Steel in Indonesia. It analyzes models for CO2 capture from steel production and power plants, as well as sequestration methods like injection into geological formations or for enhanced oil recovery. Utilization strategies examined include microalgae cultivation for biofuels, seaweed farming to sequester carbon, and thermal decomposition of CO2 into synthesis gas. The document provides an overview of these various carbon reduction program options and references supporting literature.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of the oil industry and proposes control measures. It notes that while oil provides economic benefits, the extraction, refining, and combustion processes release various effluents that harm the environment. Effluents from drilling mud, gaseous emissions, and oil spills are toxic and increase pollution. This leads to issues like global warming, ocean acidification, and acid rain. The document proposes ways to reduce effluents, such as using biodegradable drilling fluids, emissions controls, carbon sequestration, and oil spill cleanup methods. Overall it argues that industries must follow regulations while greater research into mitigation is also needed to protect the environment.
This document outlines research into catalyzing the hydrogenation of CO2 using metal oxides. It discusses the background and challenges, investigating the reaction mechanism and factors that influence catalyst performance. The research aims to understand the process at a microscopic level to optimize catalyst design without trial and error. Methods explored include comparing catalysts in a database, mapping electron density changes during reaction, and applying machine learning to understand structure-activity relationships. Future work involves further computational modeling and analysis to refine rate constants and transition state theory.
This document provides an overview of carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems. It discusses the need to reduce CO2 emissions to mitigate climate change. CCS systems aim to capture over 80% of CO2 emissions from power plants and industrial facilities, transport it via pipelines or ships, and store it underground in geological formations or in the deep ocean. The document describes different capture methods including pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion. It also discusses transportation and storage options as well as some real-world CCS project sites. While CCS could significantly reduce emissions, the technology is currently very expensive and poses risks if CO2 leaks from storage locations. More research is still needed to improve C
Clean Energy Finance and Investment Roadmap of the CEFIM programme - Cecilia ...OECD Environment
1st Clean Energy Finance and Investment Consultation Workshop: “Unlocking finance and investment for clean energy in the Philippines” 31 May – 1 June 2022, Makati Diamond Residences, Legazpi Village, Makati City
SLIDE 1-INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT TOPIC_PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM COC...Benjamin Lama
This document presents on the production of activated carbon from coconut shells. It discusses that activated carbon is produced from organic materials with high carbon content through carbonization and activation processes. The aim is to produce activated carbon from coconut shells and examine factors affecting its adsorption capacity and rate for gold absorption in gold refining. The factors discussed include surface area, pore size, pH, temperature, particle size and concentration. Different product groups of activated carbon are also presented.
its describes Climate change w.r.t. agriculture its causes and effects and carbon trading in emission reduction of co2 , mechanisms, types , advantages and disadvantages.
January 2024. Carbon Capture is the process of capturing Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) produced by industrial processes, preventing its release into the atmosphere.
The primary goal of carbon capture is to reduce carbon emissions, because carbon dioxide is the primary Greenhouse Gas (GHG) contributing to climate change.
Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), also known as (CCS), refers to a suite of technologies that perform carbon capture.
CCUS involves four stages: capture, transport, storage, and use.
CCUS technologies include Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), carbon sequestration, Direct Air Capture (DAC), and carbon absorption by Ammonia.
Policy wise, growing recognition of CCUS role in meeting net zero goals is translating into increased policy support for CCUS deployment. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have outlined an important role for CCUS to reach net zero emissions by 2050, directly supporting Sustainable Development Goal SDG13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
In this slideshow, you will learn about the definition, technologies, benefits, challenges, UN policy, and global statistics of carbon capture. Discover how CCUS technologies can reduce global carbon emissions by up to 90% to accelerate the clean energy transition and meet net zero emission goals by 2050.
Cement industry and its environmental impactsHamzaSalahudin
Hamza Salahudin submitted a presentation to Dr. Amir Shakoor about the cement industry in Pakistan. The presentation discussed the history, composition, types, manufacturing process, and environmental impacts of cement. It noted that Pakistan has abundant limestone and clay reserves to support cement production for 50-60 more years. It also summarized the three main cement manufacturing processes and described the steps involved in the dry process.
- The Kyoto Protocol established a carbon credit trading mechanism where countries can meet emission reduction targets by purchasing certified emission reduction (CER) credits from emission reduction projects in developing countries under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
- India has high potential for carbon credits due to a wide range of possible CDM project types and sizes, technical expertise, and a transparent CDM approval process. However, carbon credit prices are determined by policy issues, market fundamentals, and technical analysis.
- India is a party to the UNFCCC and has established a National CDM Authority to oversee CDM projects. CDM projects in India span sectors like energy, manufacturing, and waste management, with the energy sector representing most
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is vital for plant life. It comprises 0.039% of the atmosphere and is produced by combustion of fossil fuels and plant matter. Carbon dioxide has various industrial uses including in food production as a leavening agent and additive, in beverages as a carbonation agent, in welding as a shielding gas, and as a refrigerant and fire extinguishing agent. It is also used in oil recovery operations by increasing oil flow from wells.
The Role of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture Utilization (CCU)...Ofori Kwabena
The role of Carbon Capture and Storage & Carbon Capture and Utilization-
Capturing carbon dioxide and storing (CCS) is a climate change mitigation technology which is aimed at reducing CO2 emissions. The utilization of CO2 (CCU) in the manufacture of commercial products is also a technology used to complement CCS technology.
This paper presents a literature review on the mechanisms, developments, cost analysis, life cycle environmental impacts, challenges and policy options that are associated with these technologies.
This document discusses the fertilizer industry and production processes. It begins with an introduction to fertilizers and their categorization as organic or inorganic. It then provides an overview of the fertilizer industry, describing it as capital and energy intensive. The document outlines organic and inorganic fertilizer production processes. It discusses the various wastes produced during fertilizer production, including effluents from different plant types. The pollution impacts of the fertilizer industry are also examined. The document concludes that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers can cause environmental pollution if wastes are not properly treated.
Barry Jones, General Manager - Asia Pacific for the Global CCS Institute, provides an overview of carbon capture and storage technology including its rationale and a summary of current projects. The presentation also examines impediments to its deployment and recommendations for how to overcome them.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
This document provides an outline for a paper on lead exposure and health risks. It begins with an introduction to lead's physical and chemical properties. It then discusses where lead is commonly found in the environment, such as in soil, water, paint, gasoline, and certain consumer products. The document outlines the various ways people can be exposed to lead and the health effects of lead poisoning, which can impact the brain, kidneys, and blood. It provides details on signs and symptoms of lead exposure and concludes by discussing the medical effects of lead on children and adults.
Sulfuric acid is made through the contact process, which involves four main steps:
1) Formation of SO2 by burning sulfur or heating iron pyrite.
2) Purification of SO2 through various chambers to remove impurities that could poison the catalyst.
3) Oxidation of SO2 to SO3 over a vanadium pentoxide catalyst at 450-500°C, producing enough energy for the process.
4) Formation of sulfuric acid by first combining SO3 with sulfuric acid to make oleum, then diluting the oleum with water.
The document discusses moving beyond scope 1 and 2 carbon emissions to address scope 3 emissions from procurement and supply chains. It provides examples of measuring procurement emissions at De Montfort University. Presenters discuss the importance of scope 3 emissions, policy drivers to address them, and challenges of engaging stakeholders and collecting data from outside the estates office. Next steps include determining data needs, communication strategies, and overcoming barriers to addressing scope 3 emissions organizationally.
1) Atmospheric CO2 levels have risen from 280 ppm pre-industrially to over 410 ppm currently due to emissions from fossil fuel combustion and respiration. Maximum safe levels are believed to be 450 ppm or less to avoid worst effects of global warming and ocean acidification.
2) The document discusses strategies for converting CO2 into useful products like dimethyl carbonate (DMC), formic acid and methanol. It outlines more sustainable routes for producing these chemicals directly from CO2 rather than traditional methods that rely on other carbon sources.
3) Specifically, it presents a method for continuously producing pure formic acid by hydrogenating supercritical CO2 with an immobilized catalyst and base, avoiding high
This document discusses various parameters for analyzing water quality, including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It provides details on the sources and effects of each parameter and explains the methods used to measure levels that can determine water quality. The key aspects covered are substances of interest in water analysis and the methods used to measure levels and determine quality.
This document provides an overview of electrocoagulation (EC) as a wastewater treatment process. It describes the basic EC process, which uses sacrificial anode dissolution to introduce metal ions into water that destabilize pollutants. Key factors that affect EC efficiency are discussed, including electrode arrangement, current density, pH, and electrode material. The document also outlines several applications of EC for treating various types of industrial wastewaters and waters containing pollutants like heavy metals, dyes, and organic matter. EC is presented as an effective wastewater treatment alternative that is simple to operate and can remove a wide range of pollutants.
1) The document discusses olivine, a group of minerals that form a solid solution between magnesium-iron silicates.
2) Olivine has an orthorhombic crystal structure consisting of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra linked by magnesium and iron atoms. The distribution of magnesium and iron can vary within the structure.
3) Olivine is common in ultramafic rocks and mafic igneous rocks. Its composition ranges from pure magnesium silicate (forsterite) to iron-rich (fayalite) depending on the rock type. Olivine is susceptible to alteration by weathering and hydrothermal processes.
A copy of the presentation given to the University of Utrecht (geological department). The first part is about the sense of urgency for options to lower the CO2 emissions. And that mineralization was millions of years sufficient fast to handle the natural CO2 emissions.
The second part describes three methods of using this principle.
- Ambient Weathering
- Product replacement (use Olivine instead of another product)
- Process Intensification (high pressure, high temperature process for increased reaction rate).
Pol Knops
This document outlines research into catalyzing the hydrogenation of CO2 using metal oxides. It discusses the background and challenges, investigating the reaction mechanism and factors that influence catalyst performance. The research aims to understand the process at a microscopic level to optimize catalyst design without trial and error. Methods explored include comparing catalysts in a database, mapping electron density changes during reaction, and applying machine learning to understand structure-activity relationships. Future work involves further computational modeling and analysis to refine rate constants and transition state theory.
This document provides an overview of carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems. It discusses the need to reduce CO2 emissions to mitigate climate change. CCS systems aim to capture over 80% of CO2 emissions from power plants and industrial facilities, transport it via pipelines or ships, and store it underground in geological formations or in the deep ocean. The document describes different capture methods including pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion. It also discusses transportation and storage options as well as some real-world CCS project sites. While CCS could significantly reduce emissions, the technology is currently very expensive and poses risks if CO2 leaks from storage locations. More research is still needed to improve C
Clean Energy Finance and Investment Roadmap of the CEFIM programme - Cecilia ...OECD Environment
1st Clean Energy Finance and Investment Consultation Workshop: “Unlocking finance and investment for clean energy in the Philippines” 31 May – 1 June 2022, Makati Diamond Residences, Legazpi Village, Makati City
SLIDE 1-INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT TOPIC_PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM COC...Benjamin Lama
This document presents on the production of activated carbon from coconut shells. It discusses that activated carbon is produced from organic materials with high carbon content through carbonization and activation processes. The aim is to produce activated carbon from coconut shells and examine factors affecting its adsorption capacity and rate for gold absorption in gold refining. The factors discussed include surface area, pore size, pH, temperature, particle size and concentration. Different product groups of activated carbon are also presented.
its describes Climate change w.r.t. agriculture its causes and effects and carbon trading in emission reduction of co2 , mechanisms, types , advantages and disadvantages.
January 2024. Carbon Capture is the process of capturing Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) produced by industrial processes, preventing its release into the atmosphere.
The primary goal of carbon capture is to reduce carbon emissions, because carbon dioxide is the primary Greenhouse Gas (GHG) contributing to climate change.
Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), also known as (CCS), refers to a suite of technologies that perform carbon capture.
CCUS involves four stages: capture, transport, storage, and use.
CCUS technologies include Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), carbon sequestration, Direct Air Capture (DAC), and carbon absorption by Ammonia.
Policy wise, growing recognition of CCUS role in meeting net zero goals is translating into increased policy support for CCUS deployment. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have outlined an important role for CCUS to reach net zero emissions by 2050, directly supporting Sustainable Development Goal SDG13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
In this slideshow, you will learn about the definition, technologies, benefits, challenges, UN policy, and global statistics of carbon capture. Discover how CCUS technologies can reduce global carbon emissions by up to 90% to accelerate the clean energy transition and meet net zero emission goals by 2050.
Cement industry and its environmental impactsHamzaSalahudin
Hamza Salahudin submitted a presentation to Dr. Amir Shakoor about the cement industry in Pakistan. The presentation discussed the history, composition, types, manufacturing process, and environmental impacts of cement. It noted that Pakistan has abundant limestone and clay reserves to support cement production for 50-60 more years. It also summarized the three main cement manufacturing processes and described the steps involved in the dry process.
- The Kyoto Protocol established a carbon credit trading mechanism where countries can meet emission reduction targets by purchasing certified emission reduction (CER) credits from emission reduction projects in developing countries under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
- India has high potential for carbon credits due to a wide range of possible CDM project types and sizes, technical expertise, and a transparent CDM approval process. However, carbon credit prices are determined by policy issues, market fundamentals, and technical analysis.
- India is a party to the UNFCCC and has established a National CDM Authority to oversee CDM projects. CDM projects in India span sectors like energy, manufacturing, and waste management, with the energy sector representing most
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is vital for plant life. It comprises 0.039% of the atmosphere and is produced by combustion of fossil fuels and plant matter. Carbon dioxide has various industrial uses including in food production as a leavening agent and additive, in beverages as a carbonation agent, in welding as a shielding gas, and as a refrigerant and fire extinguishing agent. It is also used in oil recovery operations by increasing oil flow from wells.
The Role of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture Utilization (CCU)...Ofori Kwabena
The role of Carbon Capture and Storage & Carbon Capture and Utilization-
Capturing carbon dioxide and storing (CCS) is a climate change mitigation technology which is aimed at reducing CO2 emissions. The utilization of CO2 (CCU) in the manufacture of commercial products is also a technology used to complement CCS technology.
This paper presents a literature review on the mechanisms, developments, cost analysis, life cycle environmental impacts, challenges and policy options that are associated with these technologies.
This document discusses the fertilizer industry and production processes. It begins with an introduction to fertilizers and their categorization as organic or inorganic. It then provides an overview of the fertilizer industry, describing it as capital and energy intensive. The document outlines organic and inorganic fertilizer production processes. It discusses the various wastes produced during fertilizer production, including effluents from different plant types. The pollution impacts of the fertilizer industry are also examined. The document concludes that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers can cause environmental pollution if wastes are not properly treated.
Barry Jones, General Manager - Asia Pacific for the Global CCS Institute, provides an overview of carbon capture and storage technology including its rationale and a summary of current projects. The presentation also examines impediments to its deployment and recommendations for how to overcome them.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
This document provides an outline for a paper on lead exposure and health risks. It begins with an introduction to lead's physical and chemical properties. It then discusses where lead is commonly found in the environment, such as in soil, water, paint, gasoline, and certain consumer products. The document outlines the various ways people can be exposed to lead and the health effects of lead poisoning, which can impact the brain, kidneys, and blood. It provides details on signs and symptoms of lead exposure and concludes by discussing the medical effects of lead on children and adults.
Sulfuric acid is made through the contact process, which involves four main steps:
1) Formation of SO2 by burning sulfur or heating iron pyrite.
2) Purification of SO2 through various chambers to remove impurities that could poison the catalyst.
3) Oxidation of SO2 to SO3 over a vanadium pentoxide catalyst at 450-500°C, producing enough energy for the process.
4) Formation of sulfuric acid by first combining SO3 with sulfuric acid to make oleum, then diluting the oleum with water.
The document discusses moving beyond scope 1 and 2 carbon emissions to address scope 3 emissions from procurement and supply chains. It provides examples of measuring procurement emissions at De Montfort University. Presenters discuss the importance of scope 3 emissions, policy drivers to address them, and challenges of engaging stakeholders and collecting data from outside the estates office. Next steps include determining data needs, communication strategies, and overcoming barriers to addressing scope 3 emissions organizationally.
1) Atmospheric CO2 levels have risen from 280 ppm pre-industrially to over 410 ppm currently due to emissions from fossil fuel combustion and respiration. Maximum safe levels are believed to be 450 ppm or less to avoid worst effects of global warming and ocean acidification.
2) The document discusses strategies for converting CO2 into useful products like dimethyl carbonate (DMC), formic acid and methanol. It outlines more sustainable routes for producing these chemicals directly from CO2 rather than traditional methods that rely on other carbon sources.
3) Specifically, it presents a method for continuously producing pure formic acid by hydrogenating supercritical CO2 with an immobilized catalyst and base, avoiding high
This document discusses various parameters for analyzing water quality, including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It provides details on the sources and effects of each parameter and explains the methods used to measure levels that can determine water quality. The key aspects covered are substances of interest in water analysis and the methods used to measure levels and determine quality.
This document provides an overview of electrocoagulation (EC) as a wastewater treatment process. It describes the basic EC process, which uses sacrificial anode dissolution to introduce metal ions into water that destabilize pollutants. Key factors that affect EC efficiency are discussed, including electrode arrangement, current density, pH, and electrode material. The document also outlines several applications of EC for treating various types of industrial wastewaters and waters containing pollutants like heavy metals, dyes, and organic matter. EC is presented as an effective wastewater treatment alternative that is simple to operate and can remove a wide range of pollutants.
1) The document discusses olivine, a group of minerals that form a solid solution between magnesium-iron silicates.
2) Olivine has an orthorhombic crystal structure consisting of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra linked by magnesium and iron atoms. The distribution of magnesium and iron can vary within the structure.
3) Olivine is common in ultramafic rocks and mafic igneous rocks. Its composition ranges from pure magnesium silicate (forsterite) to iron-rich (fayalite) depending on the rock type. Olivine is susceptible to alteration by weathering and hydrothermal processes.
A copy of the presentation given to the University of Utrecht (geological department). The first part is about the sense of urgency for options to lower the CO2 emissions. And that mineralization was millions of years sufficient fast to handle the natural CO2 emissions.
The second part describes three methods of using this principle.
- Ambient Weathering
- Product replacement (use Olivine instead of another product)
- Process Intensification (high pressure, high temperature process for increased reaction rate).
Pol Knops
The abstract of a lunch lecture giving at Differ (www.differ.nl) about using Olivine for CO2 sequestration. Special attention is given to the Gravity Pressure Vessel to enhance the reaction kinetics.
El documento resume una presentación sobre la mineralización de CO2 en una reunión de la red SCOT. La presentación discute los avances y desafíos de la mineralización de CO2, incluyendo su potencial para secuestrar grandes cantidades de CO2 de manera estable a través de la producción de productos. También se mencionan varias compañías que están desarrollando aplicaciones de mineralización de CO2.
Presentation at the 8th Dutch CCUS conference.
Short explanation of the idea of using Olivine as a feedstock (together with CO2) in order to produce "CO2 negative materials".
This document discusses using biotechnological processes to increase rates of silicate weathering and limestone formation to store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It proposes a two-stage anaerobic digestion system where acidogenic bacteria convert organic matter into carbon dioxide in one stage, and methanogenic archaea convert the carbon dioxide into methane in a second stage. The carbon dioxide is also used to form carbonate minerals like limestone for long term carbon storage. The document outlines using the residues from this process to produce biogenic cement for re-use in construction and agriculture.
This document provides an overview of mineralogy, including definitions and classifications of minerals. It discusses that minerals are naturally occurring solid substances with definite chemical compositions and atomic structures formed through inorganic processes. Minerals are divided into rock-forming and ore-forming groups. Rock-forming minerals include primary minerals crystallized from magma/lava and secondary minerals formed through primary mineral alteration. Physical properties of minerals like color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and form/structure are also outlined. Different mineral groups to be studied in practical sessions are listed. Examples of specific rock-forming and ore minerals are given throughout.
The document discusses various instrumentation techniques used in the exploration and production of hydrocarbons. It describes techniques such as Rock Eval analysis, pyrolysis, kerogen extraction, vitrinite reflectance measurement, elemental analysis, total organic carbon determination, and continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. These techniques are used to characterize the organic matter in petroleum source rocks and determine properties like richness, thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generating potential.
Potential use of plantain (musa paradisiaca) wastes in the removal of lead an...ADEOLU ADEDOTUN TIMOTHY
The document discusses the potential use of plantain wastes in removing lead and chromium from effluent from a battery recycling plant. It describes how:
1) Plantain wastes were collected and processed to produce activated carbon, which was then used to treat effluent from a battery recycling plant in tests.
2) Testing examined the effect of pH, activated carbon dose, and initial metal concentration on removing lead and chromium. Results showed over 80% removal of both metals was achieved at optimal conditions.
3) Characterization of the activated carbons found plantain-based activated carbons had higher surface areas and similar functional groups as commercial activated carbon.
Removal of Pb II from Aqueous Solutions using Activated Carbon Prepared from ...ijtsrd
The recent study explains about the removal of Pb II ions from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from Garlic waste. Garlic peels have been used for the production of Carbon by treating with conc.H2SO4 for metal ions removal. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Boehm titration have been used for various physicochemical characterization of the outcome of activated carbon which proclaimed the presence of oxygen containing surface functional groups like phenolic, lactonic and carboxylic in the carbons. In a batch adsorption process the effect of pH and initial metal ion concentration was calculated. The optimum pH for lead adsorption is found to be equal to 6.The resultant activated carbon showed maximum adsorption capacity of Pb II was 210 mg g 1. The waste material which is used in this work is cost effective and easily available for the production of activated carbon. Hence the removal of Pb II from water using the carbons prepared from Garlic peels can act as possible low cost adsorbents for the removal of Pb II from water. R. Mary Nancy Flora | Ashok | Ramanathan ""Removal of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solutions using Activated Carbon Prepared from Garlic Waste"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23365.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/chemical-engineering/23365/removal-of-pb-ii-from-aqueous-solutions-using-activated-carbon-prepared-from-garlic-waste/r-mary-nancy-flora
The Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) is a leading European competence center for the assessment and sustainable use of geological resources operating under the Finnish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment. It has over 400 professionals working across 6 locations and has been operating for 135 years. GTK focuses on areas like battery minerals, water management, and the circular economy. It aims to improve traceability across the battery mineral supply chain and close material loops through research projects on battery mineral fingerprinting and proving circular economy concepts. The long term goal is to enable responsibly sourced minerals, metals, and materials with traceable sources that comply with environmental standards and can be easily recycled.
Characteristic studies of some activated carbons from agricultural wastesmaterials87
This document summarizes the characterization of activated carbons produced from various agricultural waste materials. The wastes tested include tobacco stem, bulrush stem, Leucaena shell, Ceiba shell, and Pongamia shell. The carbons were produced using different activation methods including HCl, H2SO4, ZnCl2, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, CaCO3, CaCl2, and combined H2SO4/NH4S2O8 processes. Testing showed the carbons had properties suitable for adsorption of organics and inorganics from water, with surface areas and adsorption capacities varying depending on the production method and waste material used. The carbons were found to have
Effective Adsorbents for Establishing Solids Looping as a Next Generation NG PCC Technology, Hao Liu, University of Nottingham - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
ONSHORE PROCESSING OF NODULES. A REVIEW OF METALLURGICAL FLOWSHEETS AND ACTI...iQHub
On Shore Processing of Polymetallic Nodules
The document discusses several metallurgical flowsheet options being considered for processing polymetallic nodules recovered from the seafloor on shore. These include pyrometallurgical/hydrometallurgical processes involving smelting and acid leaching proposed by The Metals Company, reductive acid leaching using SO2/H2SO4 proposed by GSR, and the Cuprion process involving reductive ammonia leaching developed by Kennecott Copper Corp. Testwork results on nodule samples indicate high recoveries of copper, cobalt, nickel, and manganese are possible using these flowsheets. Future plans involve designing, constructing, and operating integrated
Carbon-cuprous oxide composite nanoparticles
were chemically deposited on surface of thin glass tubes of spent
energy saving lamps for solar heat collection. Carbon was
obtained from fly ash of heavy oil incomplete combustion in
electric power stations. Impurities in the carbon were removed by
leaching with mineral acids. The mineral free-carbon was then
wet ground to have a submicron size. After filtration, it was
reacted with concentrated sulfuric/fuming nitric acid mixture on
cold for 3-4 days. Potassium chlorate was then added drop wise on
hot conditions to a carbon slurry followed by filtration.
Nanocarbon sample was mixed with 5% by weight PVA to help
adhesion to the glass surface. Carbon so deposited was doped with
copper nitrate solution. After dryness, the carbon/copper nitrate
film was dipped in hydrazine hydrate to form cuprous oxide -
carbon composite, It was then roasted at 380-400 °C A heat
collector testing assembly was constructed of 5 glass coils
connected in series with a total surface area of 1250 cm2
. Heat
collection was estimated by water flowing in the glass coils that
are coated with the carbon/copper film,. Parameters affecting the
solar collection efficiency such as time of exposure and mass flow
rate of the water were studied. Results revealed that the prepared
glass coil has proven successful energy collector for solar heat.
Multiple adsorption of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution using activated c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Batch adsorption of different heavy metal ions (Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium and Chromium) in aqueous solution using
activated carbon from Nigerian bamboo was studied. The bamboo was cut, washed and dried. It was carbonized between 3000C -
4500C, and activated at 8000C using nitric acid. The bulk density, iodine number, Benzene adsorption, methylene adsorption, and
ash content of the activated carbon produced compared well with commercial carbons. Multiple adsorption of these metals in
same aqueous solution using bamboo carbon showed that adsorption capacity is in the order Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr which
showed that these metal ions can be adsorbed selectively by Nigerian bamboo activated carbon. The order of adsorption is related
to the maximum adsorption of lead, cadmium, copper on bamboo was found to be in the order of ionic radius of the heavy metals
used. Therefore this study demonstrates that bamboo can serve as a good source of activated carbon with multiple metal ions –
removing potentials and may serve as a better replacement for commercial activated carbons in applications that warrant their
use. However, it will also contribute to the search for less expensive adsorbents and their utilization possibilities for the
elimination of heavy metal ions from industrial waste water.
Key Words: multiple adsorption, heavy metals, Nigerian bamboo, Activated Carbon,
This document outlines the work and initiatives of CSIR-NEERI (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute) in India towards nation building, public health, industries, and society. It discusses several of CSIR-NEERI's technologies and projects in areas such as water and wastewater management, clean energy, hazardous waste management, and environmental monitoring. The document also provides an overview of CSIR-NEERI's plans and deliverables for the 12th Five Year Plan, including further development of waste treatment technologies, sensors, studies on water and air pollution management, and establishing centers of excellence.
The document summarizes research on using activated carbon prepared from olive stone waste to sorb copper, zinc, and nickel ions from aqueous solutions. Olive stone activated carbon (OSAC) was prepared under different physical activation conditions and characterized. OSAC-3, activated at 900°C for 3.5 hours, had the highest surface area and was selected for further study. Batch experiments were conducted to determine optimum sorption conditions and kinetics. The maximum sorption capacities were 25.38 mg/g for Cu2+, 16.95 mg/g for Zn2+, and 14.65 mg/g for Ni2+. Sorption was best described by pseudo-second order kinetics and was spontaneous and endothermic/exothermic
This document summarizes a study on using mechanically-activated wollastonite to sequester CO2 through mineral carbonation as a replacement for Portland cement. The process involves:
1) Mechanically activating wollastonite powder in a ball mill to achieve an amorphous structure favorable for carbonation.
2) Reacting the activated wollastonite with CO2 under controlled conditions.
3) Analyzing the products using XRD and SEM to determine if carbonation occurred and which samples could potentially substitute for cement. Further mechanical testing is needed to verify substitutability. The goal is to decrease CO2 emissions from cement production while creating a more sustainable cement alternative.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Alkaline Thermal Treatment is a process used to produce hydrogen from seaweed using NaOH and a Suitable catalyst to give hydrogen and solid carbonates. These solid carbonates can be used to regenerate hydrogen using calcium carbonate.
Ruslan Kh.Khamizov, Natalya S.Vlasovskikh, Lilya P.Moroshkina, Sultan Kh.Khamizov
Scientific and Technological Company “NewChem Technology” LLC
SCIENTIFIC GROUNDS AND PROSPECTS FOR CLOSED–CIRCUIT PROCESSING OF ALUMINA-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS WITH THE USE OF SALT-ACID METHOD
IRJET- Stabilizing and Converting Leachate into Non-Toxic Liquid for Grou...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study that aims to stabilize leachate and convert it into a non-toxic liquid suitable for groundwater recharge. The researchers treated leachate using activated crab shell and an aniline polymer in a filtration system. They found that the combination of activated carbon from crab shell and the polymer was able to reduce various toxic substances in leachate such as chloride, sulfur, and nitrates. Testing of the treated effluent showed reductions in parameters like COD, BOD, conductivity, and heavy metals. The results indicate the process provides an eco-friendly way to treat leachate that is low-cost and produces dischargeable quality water.
IRJET- Stabilizing and Converting Leachate into Non-Toxic Liquid for Groundwa...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study that aims to stabilize leachate and convert it into a non-toxic liquid suitable for groundwater recharge. The researchers treated leachate using activated crab shell and an aniline polymer in a filtration system. They found that the combination of activated crab shell and polymer was effective at removing various contaminants from leachate, including heavy metals. Testing of the treated effluent showed reductions in parameters like turbidity, COD, BOD, and heavy metals. The results indicate the process provides an eco-friendly way to purify leachate at low cost without using much electricity or chemicals. The treated leachate could then be safely used to replenish groundwater.
Running head USING BENTONITE TO EXTRACT CU2+1USING BENTONITE.docxrtodd599
Running head: USING BENTONITE TO EXTRACT CU2+1
USING BENTONITE TO EXTRACT CU2+15
Using Bentonite to Extract Cu2+
Name
Institution
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining and comparing the potential of various weights of activated bentonite (BN). BN is an essential adsorbent used to remove copper sulfate in aqueous systems. This bentonite composes of 1M ammonium chloride i.e. NH3CL ratio; 1:1, w/w. The investigation of the adsorption ability of the naturally activated material (BN) to adsorb copper sulfate (CUSO4.5H2O) was investigated using UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Raw BN (unheated) has the adsorption ability and thus eliminates copper (II) ions from this aqueous solution. BN has approximately 62% efficiency of eliminating Cu2+ from copper sulfate. Various studies have determined that the removal efficiency of copper (II) ions increase with the rise in temperature of BN with temperatures not exceeding 200 C having about 69% efficiency. The percentage was seen to rise to close to 90% when BN was treated thermally. The optimal values of the removal rate of Cu2+ resulted when the BN dosage was 0.4g/100mL.
1.0 Introduction
The existence of heavy metals in most of the aquatic systems has raised significant concern owing to their high toxicity. The contamination of water with heavy metals results from daily human activities. It has been observed that lead concentration in areas inhabited by people is 20 times higher than in regions that are not influenced directly by the actions of people. As a result, various regulations and laws have been enacted to control effluence with these heavy metals. Thus, the Environmental Protection Agency, an institution set by the federal government to adjust and observe pollutants discharge in the environment, has set the allowable limits of massive metal emissions as copper 1.3 ppm, mercury two ppb, cadmium 5ppb, lead 15 ppb and chromium 100 ppb (EPA). Copper is one of the conventional metal as it is used in metal mechanic manufactories, industrial plant, and also in food production. Although many laws have set limits of allowable copper emissions, excess of its compounds are prevalent in water bodies. Therefore, it has become necessary to find ways of safely removing copper from aqueous solutions.
This study is aimed at investigating the efficiency of an adsorbent material BN in adsorption of CuSO4 from aqueous solutions. The investigation was conducted using the usages rates of BN, the influence of BN dose, and results from other batch adsorption studies.2.0 Literature Review
In the last few decades, contamination of water resources with ions from heavy metals has increased, becoming a global concern. Studies have shown that some metals are toxic to the ecological environment and human lives. Copper sulfate is a compound of copper and sulfur which forms a heavy metal precipitate in water bodies. However, copper in controlled amounts is essential in life forms due to its extensive role in the ge.
Similar to Making Products from CO2 and Olivine (accelerated weathering) (20)
The document discusses using olivine minerals to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere as a means of mitigating climate change. It describes how olivine weathers in the presence of CO2 and water to form magnesium carbonate and silica, permanently storing the carbon. Several companies are working on mineral carbon sequestration projects using olivine residues, mine tailings, or accelerating natural weathering processes. One such company, Green Minerals, sells a product called "greensand" for use in landscaping, sports fields, and construction to sequester CO2 while providing new markets for olivine materials.
The document discusses using olivine to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere through carbon mineralization. Olivine naturally reacts with CO2 and water to form magnesium carbonate and silica. Accelerating this process through mining, crushing, and spreading olivine could provide an effective method to lower CO2 levels. The company greenSand develops olivine-based products for use in soils and gardens to capture CO2 from the air on a large scale through natural carbonization processes. Modeling shows olivine sand can sequester 200-400 kg of CO2 per ton applied, providing an elegant and low-cost solution to climate change.
This document summarizes a presentation on modeling the weathering of olivine rock to sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The presentation models how olivine weathers over time, calculating the rate of CO2 sequestration and release of nickel into the environment. The model shows that for agricultural applications, only very fine olivine exceeds nickel regulations in the first month, but olivine can be used for both civil and agricultural uses overall. The document includes figures showing model inputs, outputs for CO2 sequestered, magnesium and nickel released over time, and nickel concentrations in plants and soils.
This document summarizes a workshop on mineralization held in Utrecht on September 2, 2019. It discusses using mineralization to sequester carbon dioxide through reactions with minerals like olivine. Specifically, it discusses using olivine in applications to replace agricultural lime and fertilizers. Modeling results are presented on carbon sequestration rates using olivine sand under different pH conditions. Companies active in mineralization technologies are listed, and examples of green sand sales and demonstration project certificates are presented. Developments in research networks and international projects are also summarized.
This document summarizes a presentation on green minerals and SCW systems given on June 25th, 2019 in Aachen. It discusses mineralization from an academic interest to commercial realization. It provides background on CO2 utilization and negative CO2 emissions approaches, including ambient and accelerated mineralization techniques. It also outlines several companies working in residual ores, ambient, and accelerated mineralization areas and describes Green Minerals' research on scaling up an olivine weathering process called GreenSand to store CO2.
This document summarizes a conference on mineralization of CO2 and its beneficial uses. It discusses using mineralization to permanently sequester CO2 by accelerating natural weathering processes. Methods presented include using industrial waste materials like steel slag and fly ash, as well as minerals like olivine and serpentine. Accelerated mineralization techniques aim to increase reaction rates through adding chemicals, operating at high pressure and temperature, or producing functional filler materials. Validation efforts include concrete and paper applications to replace cement or pulp to store CO2 long-term. Challenges addressed developing profitable processes, validating storage, and gaining market acceptance for new products.
The presentation discusses turning CO2 into valuable products by mineralizing it through reaction with olivine to form magnesite and silica. This process traps the CO2 while producing materials that can replace limestone and talc in concrete, paper, and polymers. Currently the process is being researched by Green Minerals and other partners to commercialize CO2 mineralization and utilize the products in various markets.
The document discusses turning carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable products through mineralization. It describes trapping CO2 by reacting it with olivine at high temperatures and pressures to form solid carbonates. This process can be used to produce construction materials like concrete and paper coatings as a replacement for lime and talc, storing the CO2 within the final products. Some challenges to scaling this up include developing supercritical water systems for the reaction, performing validation testing on the beneficial use of products, and gaining market acceptance and policy support.
1. The document discusses using mineralization to trap CO2 emissions from paper manufacturing. CO2 reacts with olivine to form valuable products like magnesite and silica.
2. Initial tests at University of Darmstadt showed CO2 mineral products improved the optical properties of paper and had good retention in paper, rated as a positive first result by the professor.
3. Next steps are to scale up production, further validate benefits in paper beyond CO2 reduction, and create market awareness and policy support to enable commercialization targeting 0.4 tons of CO2 captured per ton of paper product.
This document summarizes a lecture on carbon dioxide removal technologies using minerals. It discusses using olivine to sequester CO2 through mineral carbonation. Olivine reacts with CO2 and water to form magnesium carbonates and silica. Tests show olivine sand can safely and economically sequester CO2 from the atmosphere on an industrial scale. The presentation examines using this process of enhanced weathering as part of a portfolio of negative emissions technologies to reduce the risks of climate change.
The document summarizes a presentation about turning CO2 into valuable products. It discusses using CO2 to make fuels, chemicals, and minerals. Specifically, it presents a process of mineralizing CO2 by reacting it with olivine to trap the CO2 and produce magnesite and silica. This unique process sequesters CO2 while making products for markets like concrete, paper, and polymers as replacements that provide the same functionality while storing CO2. It concludes by introducing the founder of the company Green Minerals that developed this CO2 mineralization process.
The document summarizes a presentation given at the International Conference on Negative CO2 emissions in Stockholm, Sweden on May 22, 2018. The presentation was titled "Safely & Economic Sequestering CO2 with Olivine" and discussed using the mineral olivine to safely and economically sequester carbon dioxide through an exothermic mineralization reaction. Test results from agricultural studies in Wageningen, Antwerp, and the Netherlands demonstrated olivine's ability to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere and sales data and pricing for olivine-based products were presented.
This presentation discusses using CO2 as a feedstock by mineralizing it through reactions with olivine. The process could help address climate change by providing permanent storage of CO2 emissions in minerals. While mineralization occurs slowly through natural weathering, the presentation describes approaches to intensify the reaction through milling, acids, or high pressure and heat in a reactor. Initial testing of the reactor process shows potential to mineralize CO2 while generating heat, and the resulting products may be used in concrete, paper, or polymers. Further research and scaling up of the mineralization technology is needed, but it offers circular economy benefits by converting the waste product of CO2 into useful materials.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
10. Gaining$more$R&D$aSen8on$
Year Name Description University
1997 Jonckbloedtt The dissolution of olivine in acid Utrecht
1997 Lieftink The preparation of and characterization of silica from acid treatment of olivine Utrecht
2004 Gormley An integrated experimental and first-principle computational study of CO2 mineral
carbonation reactions in Olivine and Serpentine
Phoenix
Bearat Mineral sequestration of Carbon Dioxide. Enhancing carbonation reactivity of brucite
and forsterite
Phoenix
Nunea Mineral sequestration of CO2 in San Carlos Olivine – An atomic level reaction study Phoenix
2005 Park CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ACTIVATION OF
AQUEOUS CARBONATION OF Mg-BEARING MINERALS AND pH SWING PROCESS
Ohio
2006 Kim Nanoscale analysis for the San Carlos Olivine Carbonation Reaction Mechanism Phoenix
Huntzinger Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in cement kiln Dust through mineral carbonation Michigan
2007 Olsen FORSTERITE DISSOLUTION KINETICS:APPLICATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
Virginia
Huigen Carbon Dioxide Sequestration by Mineral Carbonation Wageningen
Hänchen CO2 storage by aqueous mineral carbonation; olivine dissolution and precipitation of
MG-carbonates
Zürich
Uliasz-
Bochenczyk
Waste used for CO2 bonding via mineral carbonation Krakow
11. Gaining$more$R&D$aSen8on$2$
Year Name Description University
2008 Van
Essendelft
Kinetics of the acid digestion of serpentine with concurrent grinding for the purpose of
CO2 sequestration
Pennsylvan
ia
Ramme An investigation of CO2 sequestration through mineralization Milwaukee
Jarvis Reaction mechanisms for enhancing carbon dioxide mineral sequestration Phoenix
Teir FIXATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE BY PRODUCING CARBONATES FROM MINERALS
AND STEELMAKING SLAGS
Espoo
Staires Assessing the viability of CO2 sequestration in eastern snake river plains basalts,
Southern Idaho
Pocatello
Uibu Abatement of CO2 emissions in Estonian oil shale based power production Tallinn
2009 Flaathen Water rock interaction during CO2 sequestration in Basalt Toulouse
Wilson Mineral traps for greenhouse gases in mine tailings. A protocol for verifying and
quantifying CO2 sequestration in ultramafic mines
Vancouver
Daldoul Caracterisation et etude de la performance du Chrysoltile dans la capture du dioxyde de
carbone dans les procédés gaz-solide
Quebec
Costa Accelerated carbonation of minerals and industrial residues for carbon dioxide storage Rome
Krevor Mineral carbon dioxide sequestration: Enhancing process kinetics and a resource base
assessment for minerals suitable for use in enhanced carbonation processes
Columbia
2010 Stasiulaitiene Binding potential of concentrated carbon dioxide using Lithuanian rocks Kaunas
Eloneva Reduction of CO2 emissions by mineral carbonation; steelmaking slags as a rwa material
with a pure Calcium Carbonate end product
Espoo
Piredda Stabilization of MSW combustion residues by accelerated carbonation treatment and
their potential carbon dioxide sequestration
Cagliari
12. Gaining$more$R&D$aSen8on$3$
Year Name Description University
2010 Saha Advanced Mineral Sequestration Phoenix
Haug Dissolution and carbonation of mechanically activated olivine Trondheim
Prigiobbe Mineral carbonation for CO2 storage Zürich
2011 Renforth Mineral carbonation in soils Newcastle
Kwon MINERALIZATION FOR CO2 SEQUESTRATION USING OLIVINE SORBENT IN THE
PRESENCE OF WATER VAPOR
Georgia
Wang Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage by Mineralisation Using Recyclable Ammonium
Salts
Nottingham
2012 Stockmann Experimental Study of Basalt Carbonatization Toulouse
Fagerlund Carbonation of Mg(OH)2 in a pressurized fluidized bed for CO2 sequestration Turku
Nduagu Production of Mg(OH)2 from Mg-silicate rock for CO2 mineral sequestration Turku
Mervic Determining Timescales of Natural Carbonation of Peridotite in the Samail Ophiolite
(Oman)
Woods
Hole
Back Mineral Sequestration of CO2 by reaction with alkaline residues Bayreuth
Hövelmann Carbonation reactions in ultramafic rocks: experimental insights into physicochemical
processes, microtexure evolution and reaction mechanisms
Oslo
Beinlich Carbonation reactions in ultramafic rocks Oslo
Bonfils Mechasmes et verrous de la carbonation minerale du CO2 en voie aqueuse Toulouse
Gupta CO2 sequestration through Mineral Carbonation in Alkaline Wastes New Delhi
13. Gaining$more$R&D$aSen8on$4$
Year Name Description University
Paukert CO2 capture and Storage. Natural and Enhanced Mineralization in Peridotite Aquifiers
of the Samail Ophiolite (Oman)
New York
Balucan Thermal studies of Magnesium Silicates from the Great Serpentine Belt in New South
Wales
NS Wales
2013 Oskierski Natural carbonation of ultramafic rocks in the Great Serpentine Belt NS Wales
Salek Mineral CO2 Sequestration by Environmental Biotechnological Processes. Delft
Santos Sustainable Materialization of Residues from Thermal Processes into Carbon Sinks Leuven
Roland Evaluation of Mineral Carbonation Potential in Ultramafic Rocks West
Scotland
2016 Knops CO2 sequestration with a Gravity Pressure Vessel: “Modeling and Lab results” Leuven