Sukanta K. Sarangi, D. Burman, S. Mandal, B. Maji, Elizabeth Humphreys, To Phuc Tuong, B.K. Bandyopadhyay, D.K. Sharma (Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, West Bengal, India) Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/

1. Sukanta K. Sarangi, D. Burman, S. Mandal, B. Maji,
Elizabeth Humphreys, To Phuc Tuong, B. K. Bandyopadhyay and
D. K. Sharma
Promising Rice Genotypes for Wet and Dry
Seasons of Coastal West Bengal
ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI)
RRS, Canning Town, India
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone
21 -23 October, 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2. Agro-climatic Zones of West Bengal
South 24 Parganas
North 24 Parganas
East Midnapore
Howrah

3. Gosaba
Sandeshkhali
Basanti
N
E
Study Area

4. Season % area % production
Aus 3.2 2.9
Aman 69.3 63.1
Boro 27.5 34.0
Rice in Coastal Area of West Bengal

5. Rice Lands during Wet Season
(kharif/ aman, June – December)
• Mostly low-lying
(85-90%)
• Waterlogged due to poor drainage
• Occasional salt water flooding

6. SOIL PROPERTIES
Heavy textured
> 40% CLAY
Saline during
dry season
Deficient in N
Top soil
slightly acidic
Medium in P
High in K
No problem of
micronutrients
except Zn
Sub-soil acidic

7. Activities Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Seedbed
preparation
Land
preparation
Transplanting
FYM/Fertilizer
application
Manual
weeding
Harvesting
Threshing
Aman Calendar Recommended for HYV

8. Aman Boro
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Monthly Rainfall in Coastal West Bengal
(Mean of 2001-02 to 2013-14)
Rainfall(mm)

9. Aman Boro
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Max temp Min temp
Monthly Temperature in Coastal West Bengal
(Mean of 2001-02 to 2013-14)
Airtemperature(0C)

10. Participatory Varietal Selection during Aman in West
Bengal
During 2012 and 2013
Entries (13) Source
Amal-Mana
CSRC (D) 7-0-4
CSRC (D) 2-17-5
CSRC (D) 12-8-12
CSRC (D) 13-16-9
CSSRI
Canning
Swarna-Sub 1 IRRI
BRRI dhan 47 BRRI
BINA dhan 8 BINA
Sabita
Geetanjali
Patnai 23
NC 678
SR 26 B
Local
Location of Study
District Block Village Field Water Depth
2012 2013
North 24
Parganas
Sandesh
khali
Daudpur < 15 cm 15-30 cm
South 24
Parganas
Gosaba Pakhiralay 15-30 cm > 30 cm
Basanti Mocamberia > 30 cm > 30 cm

11. 15 cm
30 cm
15 cm
30 cm
• Submergence of paddy
fields occurs during
aman, which affect the
growth.
• Performance of entries
vary with degree of
submergence.

12. Entries 2012 2013
<15 cm 15-30 cm > 30 cm 15-30 cm >30 cm >30 cm
Amal-Mana 139 141 168 162 176 169
Sabita 128 144 172 161 173 178
CSRC (D) 7-0-4 128 130 173 143 163 150
CSRC (D) 12-8-12 130 136 177 - - -
CSRC (D) 13-16-9 146 152 157 - - -
Swarna-Sub 1 95 105 107 - - -
BRRI dhan 47 - - - 96 102 102
BINA dhan 8 - - - 92 101 101
Plant Height (cm) in different Field Water Depth
•Tall plants are preferred during aman in low lands
• In up and medium lands medium height plants are preferred

13. Maturity Duration of Aman Entries
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
MaturityDuration(Days)
162-165 days

14. 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
<15 cm 15-30 cm >30 cm
Grain Yield (t ha-1) of Aman Entries (2012)
Farmers Preference
for < 15 cm FWD
Farmers Preference
for 15-30 cm FWD
Farmers Preference
for > 30 cm FWD
GrainYield(tha-1)

15. 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
15-30 cm >30 cm
Grain Yield (t ha-1) of Aman Entries (2013)
Farmers Preference
for 15-30 cm FWD
Farmers Preference
for > 30 cm FWD
GrainYield(tha-1)

16. 2012 2013
Entries <15 cm 15-30 cm >30 cm 15-30 cm >30 cm >30 cm
Amal-Mana 11 18 8 17 -5 -6
Sabita (Local) -10 -7 -11 -1 2 8
CSRC (D) 7-0-4 -2 0 17 12 17 15
CSRC (D) 2-17-5 -13 2 4 10 3 -2
CSRC (D) 12-8-12 0 5 22
CSRC (D) 13-16-9 3 4 6
Swarna-Sub 1 11 14 -15
Geetanjali -6 -4
NC 678 -8 -2 -20 8 -22
SR 26 B 3 -9 2 -10 -12
Patnai 23 -17 -15 3
BRRI dhan 47 2 -15 -22
BINA dhan 8 2 -8 -6
Preference Analysis

17. Varieties/ newlines preferred Grain yield (t ha-1)
Swarna -Sub1, Amal-Mana , CSRC (D) 7-0-4,
CSRC(D)12-8-12
3.5-4.9
Most Preferred Entries for Aman
Characters preferred
Plant Height
Duration
Panicle size
Crop health
Grain & Straw yield
Lodging tolerance

18. Boro Calendar
Activities Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Nursery raising
Main field
preparation
Transplanting
FYM/Fertilizer
application
Manual
weeding
Harvesting
Threshing

19. Boro Cultivation in Coastal Areas
• Increase in soil and water salinity • Scarcity of quality irrigation water
• Limited choice of varieties
Rainfed
shallow
lowland,
161
Irrigated
medium land,
152
Irrigated
early, 138
Rainfed
upland,
117
Irrigated mid-
early, 100
Scented, 53
Semi-deepwater,
38
Irrigated hills, 37
Saline/Alkaline,
32
Boro, 11 Upland hills, 7 Others, 2 Aerobic, 1

20. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Waterdepth(cm)
Month
Salinity Waterlogging
Soilsalinity(dSm-1) Soil Salinity Increases during Boro

21. Soil Salinity at Study Sites
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
January February March April
SoilsalinityECe(dSm-1)
Initial ECe <4 Sandeshkhali
Initial ECe <4 Gosaba
Initial ECe >4 Sandeshkhali
Initial ECe >4 Gosaba

22. 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
February March April
Irrigationwatersalinity(dSm-1)
Sandeshkhali
Gosaba
Ground water
Pond water
Irrigation Water Salinity Increases during Boro

23. Rice Entries (17) tested during Boro
Entries Maturity
Duration (days)
Lalat 145
WGL 20471, IET4786, Annada, Boby,
Bidhan 2, Parijat, N. Sankar, S. Sankar,
IR 87938, NSIC RC 238, NSIC RC 222, CSR 4
140
BRRI dhan 47, Canning 7 135
BINA dhan 8 130
BRRI dhan 55 120

24. Entries
Sandeshkhali
(North 24 Parganas)
Gosaba
(South 24 Parganas)
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y1 Y2 Y3
<41 >4 <4 >4 <4 <4 >4 <4 >4
WGL 20471 3.9 3.9 6.0 4.8 4.7 3.5 3.4 5.8 4.6
BRRI dhan 47 - - 6.1 4.8 4.2 - - 5.8 4.2
BINA dhan 8 - - 5.9 4.1 4.4 - - 5.2 4.4
Bidhan 2 4.0 4.0 4.8 4.5 - 3.9 3.8 4.8 -
CSR 4 3.3 3.3 - - - 3.0 2.8 - -
LSD 0.05 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4
Grain Yield (t ha-1) of Boro
1Initial soil salinity (dS m-1)
Y1 = 2011-12, Y2 = 2012-13, Y3 = 2013-14

25. 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Entries L1 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 Mean
Bidhan 2 15 34 13 9 17.75
BINA dhan 8 33 2 0 -2 8.25
WGL 20471 4 3 0 1 16 20 7.33
Boby 4 9 5 5 5.75
S. Sankar -2 -17 -9.50
BRRI dhan 55 -34 5 -14.50
CSR 4 -21 -12 -16.50
N. Sankar -22 -13 -17.50
L1 : Sandeshkhali L2: Gosaba
Preference Analysis

26. Most preferred entry Grain Yield (t ha-1)
Bidhan 2, BINA dhan 8, WGL 20471 3.8-6.0
Preference of Boro Entries
Characters preferred
Tolerance to salinity
Short to medium duration
Long panicles with more grains
Less infestation of pest & diseases
More tillers
Acceptable grain type
Higher market price
Higher yield

27. CONCLUSION
• Yield of rice in coastal areas can be increased
substantially with introduction of improved
varieties
• Water depth paly important role in determining
the suitable rice variety during aman and salinity
tolerance and maturity duration during boro
• Preferential analysis reveals that the higher yield
is primary but not the sole criteria for selecting the
varieties by the farmers
•Short duration aman varieties help in earlier
establishment of boro crop in rice-rice system

28. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• G2 project on “Productive, profitable, and
resilient agriculture and aquaculture systems”, a
project of the CGIAR Challenge Program on
Water and Food (CPWF)
• Financial support by the International Rice
Research Institute (IRRI)
• Facilities to conduct the experiments by the
Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI)