Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea, Malva and Lavatera, as well as Tilia
this presentation is about family rosaceae. it is also known as Rose family. in this presentation you will study about the occurrence, distribution, vegetative characters, floral characters, important genera and economic importance this family.
Characters of Apiaceae:
Stem fistular, leaves alternate, much dissected mostly decompound, sheathing leaf base; inflorescence umbel or compound umbel occasionally simple; flowers epigynous, pentamerous, regular rarely zygomorphic, hermaphrodite; calyx superior, pentafid or 0; corolla five, polypetalous, often inflexed; stamens 5; carpels 2; syncarpous, bicarpellary with 2 pendulous ovules; honey-disc surrounding the stigmas – stylopodium is present; fruit cremocarp; seeds endospermic and oily.
A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Plants are mostly herbs which may be annual, biennial or perennial, the herbs may be large (Bupleurum, Heracleum, Agelica) rarely shrubs with aromatic odour due to the presence of oil ducts. Pseudocarum climbs by means of its petioles which are very sensitive to contact.
This ppt contains all about the family Rosaceae under Dicotyledons. It explains about its systematic position, general characters, phylogenetic affinities, floral formula and diagram, economic importance and important genera under this family.
* The members of this family are mainly distributed in the tropical parts of the world. The plants occur mostly in dry regions.
* Several shrubby species of Capparis occur in the Mediterranean region.
* Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
Rutaceae
CITRUS OR RUE FAMILY
Climate
Citrus grow well in subtropical climates
They can even grow in deserts (Arizona)
Drought tolerant (similar needs to cactus)
Somewhat cold tolerant (can withstand some freezing)
Source of Medicine
Aegle mameoles is used as laxative & in treatment of Dysentry
Pilocarpus source of drug Pilocarpin usedto treat Glucomma.
Peganum hamala seeds give in treatment of Asthama.
Cusparia febrifuga bark is used in treatment of Malaria.
Murraya koeniigii used in treatment of intestinal disorders.
It contains many ornamental plants & some plants are used as contaminents.
Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) is generally characterized by typical legume fruit and the ability to symbiotically fix nitrogen. Among the three subfamilies, Papilionoideae is the largest and possesses the lion’s share of economically important legumes including pulses and forages. Although monophyletic origin is generally considered, traces of polyphyly and paraphyly are evidenced in the subfamilies Mimosoideae and Caesalpinioideae by molecular phylogenetic studies. Development of robust cytogenetic stocks (aneuploids, polyploids, chromosomal aberrations, somaclonal variants, transformants, etc.) and novel functional genomic tools (mutants, molecular markers, DNA libraries, barcode sequences, etc.) have paved the way to legume classical and molecular breeding for high-yield, nutritional quality, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and enhancement of its bioactive natural antioxidants.
Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass
Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea, Malva and Lavatera, as well as Tilia
this presentation is about family rosaceae. it is also known as Rose family. in this presentation you will study about the occurrence, distribution, vegetative characters, floral characters, important genera and economic importance this family.
Characters of Apiaceae:
Stem fistular, leaves alternate, much dissected mostly decompound, sheathing leaf base; inflorescence umbel or compound umbel occasionally simple; flowers epigynous, pentamerous, regular rarely zygomorphic, hermaphrodite; calyx superior, pentafid or 0; corolla five, polypetalous, often inflexed; stamens 5; carpels 2; syncarpous, bicarpellary with 2 pendulous ovules; honey-disc surrounding the stigmas – stylopodium is present; fruit cremocarp; seeds endospermic and oily.
A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Plants are mostly herbs which may be annual, biennial or perennial, the herbs may be large (Bupleurum, Heracleum, Agelica) rarely shrubs with aromatic odour due to the presence of oil ducts. Pseudocarum climbs by means of its petioles which are very sensitive to contact.
This ppt contains all about the family Rosaceae under Dicotyledons. It explains about its systematic position, general characters, phylogenetic affinities, floral formula and diagram, economic importance and important genera under this family.
* The members of this family are mainly distributed in the tropical parts of the world. The plants occur mostly in dry regions.
* Several shrubby species of Capparis occur in the Mediterranean region.
* Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
Rutaceae
CITRUS OR RUE FAMILY
Climate
Citrus grow well in subtropical climates
They can even grow in deserts (Arizona)
Drought tolerant (similar needs to cactus)
Somewhat cold tolerant (can withstand some freezing)
Source of Medicine
Aegle mameoles is used as laxative & in treatment of Dysentry
Pilocarpus source of drug Pilocarpin usedto treat Glucomma.
Peganum hamala seeds give in treatment of Asthama.
Cusparia febrifuga bark is used in treatment of Malaria.
Murraya koeniigii used in treatment of intestinal disorders.
It contains many ornamental plants & some plants are used as contaminents.
Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) is generally characterized by typical legume fruit and the ability to symbiotically fix nitrogen. Among the three subfamilies, Papilionoideae is the largest and possesses the lion’s share of economically important legumes including pulses and forages. Although monophyletic origin is generally considered, traces of polyphyly and paraphyly are evidenced in the subfamilies Mimosoideae and Caesalpinioideae by molecular phylogenetic studies. Development of robust cytogenetic stocks (aneuploids, polyploids, chromosomal aberrations, somaclonal variants, transformants, etc.) and novel functional genomic tools (mutants, molecular markers, DNA libraries, barcode sequences, etc.) have paved the way to legume classical and molecular breeding for high-yield, nutritional quality, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and enhancement of its bioactive natural antioxidants.
Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass
pharmacognosy
"cardamom"
botanical origin
allied species
macro & microscopical character
active constituent
uses
mechanism of action
contraindications
pharmaceutical dosage form available in the market
recent researches
Are you curious about “wild edibles,” and what you can do with them? Are you looking to diversify your diet and incorporate more greens? If the answer is “yes,” check out this presentation! This presentation gives a flavor of the workshop I can teach for your group. Contact me at vafoodscaper@gmail.com if you are interested in this or other classes. Check out my garden portfolio at www.foodscaper.com
English ppt on herbal plants.
this one z made by
students of Sunshine International School
class 10 - A
group Members
1. Myself (Hima)
2.Merin
3.Jasmine
4.abra
5.arooj
6.christina
thanks...
hope u ll enjoy
let me know wat d u think abt dis ppt....
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
13. RUTACEAE
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
SYSTAMATIC POSITION OF RUTACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
SERIES : DISCIFLORAE
ORDER : GERANIALES
FAMILY : RUTACEAE (RUTACEAE)
GENERA : 143
SPECIES : 1300
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14. RUTACEAE
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫ Plants are Aromatic with Gland-Dotted Leaves.
⚫ Flowers are Hypogynous with Prominent Disc present below
the Ovary.
⚫ Stamens are Obdiplostamonous – the Stamens of the outer
whorl are opposite to the petals and the stamens of the
inner whorl are opposite to the sepals.
⚫ Ovules are in Axile Placentation.
⚫ Fruits are Hesperidium.
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15. RUTACEAE
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫ PLANTS are mostlyTrees or Shrubs and few Herbs
⚫ LEAVES are Compound, Exstipulatewith Dotted Glands.
⚫ STEM is Aerial and Woody.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Cymose or Panicle.
⚫ FLOWERS are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bracteolate, Bisexual,
Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
⚫ CALYX - Sepals-5, Gamosepalous and Imbricate or Valvate
Aestivation
⚫ COROLLA - Petals- 5, Polypetalous and Imbricate or Valvate
Aestivation
⚫
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16. RUTACEAE
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF RUTACEAE
⚫ ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 10 and Obdiplostemonous.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally
⚫ GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Pentacarpellary or Multicarpellary, Syncarpous
Superior with Many ovules in Axile Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal
⚫ STIGMA is Capitate.
⚫ POLLINATION is Entomophily
⚫ FRUIT is Berry or Hesperidium.
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17. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
DISTRIBUTION
⚫ Mostly in Tropics and also in Temperate Regions.
⚫ 1300 Species Under 143 Genera
HABIT
⚫ Mostly Trees - Aegle
⚫ Some Shrubs - Murraya
⚫ Few Herbs - Ruta graveolens
HABITAT -Mesophytes
ROOT -Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫ Mostly Aerial Erect and Woody
⚫ Aerial Erect and Herbaceous -Ruta
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18. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY
LEAVES
⚫ Pinnately Compound, Exstipulate, Alternate or Opposite, Reticulate
Venation
Leaves are
⚫ Unifoliate Compound - Citrus
⚫ Trifoliate Compound - Aegle
⚫ Pentafoliate Compound - Feronia
⚫ Multifoliate Compound - Murraya
⚫ Few Simple Leaf - Atalantia
⚫ Winged Petiole - Citrus
Dotted Glands
⚫ The Translucent Dotted Glands on the surface of the Leaves that Secretes a
Essential Volatile Oil.
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20. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Terminal or Axillary
⚫ Cymes - Citrus, Murraya
⚫ Racemes - Atlantia
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular,
Actinomorphic, Pentamerous or Tetramerous and Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫ Sepals–5, Gamosepalous and Valvate or Imbricate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –5, Polypetalous and Valvate or Imbricate Aestivation. The Dotted
Glands on the surface of Petals that secretes a Scented Volatile Oil.
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21. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
ANDROECIUM
STAMENS
⚫ Mostly Stamens are 10, Polyandrous and Obdiplostemonous -Murraya.
⚫ Stamens are Numerous – Citrus, Aegle
⚫ Stamens are United and Polyadelphous –Citrus
ANTHER is Dithecous, Basifixed and Dehisce longitudinally
GYNOECIUM
OVARY
⚫ In Murraya, Ovary is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Syncarpous and Superior
with Single ovule in each carpel on Axile Placentation.
⚫ In Aegle and Citrus, Ovary is Polycarpellary, Polylocular, Syncarpous and
Superior with Many ovules in each carpel on Axile Placentation.
Style is Simple and Terminal.
Stigma is Capitate.
Honey Disc- A well-developed Honey Secreting Disc is Present below the Ovary.
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22. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RUTACEAE
-REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY
POLLINATION
⚫ Entomophily -Flowers are Colored, Scented and Provided with
Honey by Disc
FRUIT
⚫ Many Seeded Berry - Citrus
⚫ Two Seeded Berry - Murraya
⚫ Berry with Stony Epicarp - Aegle
SEED
⚫ Endospermous or Non-Endospermous. Embryo is Straight or Bent.
⚫ Polyembryony - Citrus
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23. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF Murraya sp.
HABIT
⚫ Branched Shrubs.
HABITAT
⚫ Mesophytes
ROOT
⚫ Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫ Aerial Erect and Woody
LEAVES
⚫ Pinnately Compound, Petiolate, Exstipulate, Alternate and
Reticulate Venation with Dotted Glands.
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25. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Terminal and Cymose Panicle.
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular,
Actinomorphic, Pentamerous and Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫ Sepals–5, Gamosepalous and Valvate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –5, Polypetalous and Imbricate aestivation
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 10, Polyandrous and Obdiplostemonous.
⚫ ANTHER is Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally
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26. RUTACEAE
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Syncarpous and Superior with
Single ovule in each carpel on Axile Placentation
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal
⚫ STIGMA is Capitate
POLLINATION
⚫ Entomophily
FRUIT
⚫ Berry
SEED
⚫ Non-Endospermous
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27. RUTACEAE
OBDIPLOSTEMONOUS STAMENS IN MURRAYA Sp.
• In Murraya,
Stamens are Ten,
Arranged in Two
Whorls.
• The Outer Whorl 5
Stamens are
Antipetalous
(Opposite to Petals)
and Inner Whorl 5
Stamens are
Antisepalous
(Opposite to
Sepals)
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28. RUTACEAE
Hesperidium Fruit of Citrus Sp.
• It is a Many Seeded Simple
Fleshy Fruit.
• Pericarp (Fruit Wall) is
Differentiate in to
Outer Epicarp
Middle Mesocarp and
Inner Endocarp
• Epicarp is Skinny with Oil
Glands
• Mesocarp is Spongy
• Endocarp is Papery and
also Divide the Fruit into
Many Compartments.
• The Edible Juicy Hairs on
the Inner Surface of
Endocarp.
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29. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF RUTACEAE
CITRUS Sp.
⚫ Citrus reticulata - Loose Skinned Orange (Kamala Orange)
⚫ Citrus sinensis - Sweet Orange (Sathukudi)
⚫ Citrus aurantifolia - Lime Fruit (Elumichai)
⚫ Citrus limon - Rough Lemon (Malai Elumichai)
⚫ Citrus aurantium - Bitter Orange (Narthai)
⚫ Citrus maxima - Bamblimoos (Pamblimas)
⚫ Citrus medica - Wild Lemon
⚫ Fruits are Edible.
⚫ The Fruit Juice Contains Citric Acid and Vitamin- C.
⚫ The Fruits are used for making Jam, Jellies, Pickles and Alcoholic Drinks.
⚫ Fruit Juice is Purify Blood, Relieve Thirst in Fever and Cure Catarrh.
⚫ Epicarp of Fruits and Leaves contains many Dotted – Glands that Secretes
Essential Volatile Oil, namely Citron Oil or Orange Oil used in Cosmetics,
Perfumes, Confectionary, Pharmaceuticals and Toilet Preparation.
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30. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
FERONIA ELEPANTUM (Wood Apple)
⚫ Fruits are Edible.
⚫ Fruits are used in the treatment of Diarrhoea and Dysentery.
⚫ Leaves are used as Fodder.
⚫ Wood is used for House Construction.
AEGLE MARMELOS (Bael)
⚫ Fruits are Edible.
⚫ Fruits are used in the treatment of Dysentery and other Stomach
Troubles.
⚫ Root and Stem Barks are used in intermittent Fever.
⚫ Leaves are much used as Religious Offerings in Temples.
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31. RUTACEAE
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
MURRAYA KOENIGII (Curry Leaf)
⚫ Leaves are used to Flavouring Curries.
⚫ Raw Leaves are used to control Dysentry.
⚫ Powder of leaves are used as an application to fresh cuts.
⚫ Decoction of leaves is given in dropsy.
⚫ Bark and root are applied externally to cure erruptions.
MURRAYA EXOTICA
⚫ It is an Ornamental Shrubs grown in Garden for its Glossy Green Foliage
Leaves and Clusters of Fragrant White Flowers.
RUTA GRAVEOLENS
⚫ It is an Aromatic Herbs contain Ethereal Oil, called Rutin.
⚫ Plant is Narcotic and Stimulant.
⚫ Leaves are used in Rheumatic Pains, in treating Hysteria, Worms and Colic.
⚫ Ornamental Herbs grown in Gardens for its Fragrant Yellow Flowers.
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