1. Quiz on Friday
1. Over class lectures last week and this week (posted)
2. Theories of Evolution of Religion and Primitive
Monotheism are postponed to topic 2
3. Christianity (whatever we cover in class)
4. The Nicene Creed
2. Next Week
1. Christianity in America
2. Write on a 3 x 5 card anything you want to know or
want me to cover about Christianity in America
14. Who has believed what he has heard from us? And
to whom has the arm of the LORD been revealed?
For he grew up before him like a young plant, and
like a root out of dry ground; he had no form or
majesty that we should look at him, and no beauty
that we should desire him.
(Isaiah 53:1–6 ESV)
15. He was despised and rejected by men, a man of
sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from
whom men hide their faces he was despised, and
we esteemed him not. Surely he has borne our
griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed
him stricken, smitten by God, and af
fl
icted.
(Isa 53:1–6 ESV)
16. But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was
crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the
chastisement that brought us peace, and with his
wounds we are healed. All we like sheep have gone
astray; we have turned—every one—to his own
way; and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of
us all.
(Isa 53:1–6 ESV)
18. Trinity Invented by Constantine
Jews worshipped one God
First Christians held Jesus was
Just a man
19. Two Powers in Heaven
The Messiah Before Jesus
The Jewish Gospels
20. 1 Enoch (150 BC)
On that Day when they see the Son
of Man sitting on the throne of his
glory kings and governors, [will]…
fall down before him on their faces,
and worship him. (1 Enoch 62:5–9)
(Charlesworth, 1983)
21. It seems some Jews already
believed the promised Messiah
would be divine
23. But you will receive power when the Holy
Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my
witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and
Samaria, and to the end of the earth.
(Acts 1:8 ESV)
24.
25. What do we do with all these Gentiles?
a. Gentiles cannot be followers of Jesus
b. Gentiles can but need to convert to Judaism
c. Gentiles can follow Jesus as Gentiles
29. They feared the Jewish leaders, for the Jewish
leaders had already agreed that if anyone should
confess Jesus to be the Messiah, he was to be put
out of the synagogue.
(John 9:22 ESV)
32. While some were speaking of the temple, how it
was adorned with noble stones and offerings, he
said, “As for these things that you see, the days will
come when there will not be left here one stone
upon another that will not be thrown down.”
(Luke 21:5–6 ESV)
33. Jewish Christians Claimed:
1. Ful
fi
llment of Jesus’ prophecy
2. No longer need sacri
fi
ces because Jesus death
was our
fi
nal atonement.
43. Benediction Against
the Nazarenes
Let there be no hope for the
apostates. Let the Nazarenes and
the heretics be destroyed in a
moment! Let them be blotted out of
the Book of Life and not be
inscribed alongside the righteous.
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/birkat-ha-minim
44. Stage 5 (2nd century +)
Expelled from the Church
47. John Chrysostom
347 - 407 AD
1. Church is no longer Jewish
2. Forsake Jewish customs
3. Forced Jewish Christians to identify
as Hellenistic Christians
48. End of Schism
• Hebrew-Christians exiled from Synagogue
• Hebrew-Christians assimilated into Church
• Church replaced Israel
• Roman culture replaced Jewish culture
Notre Dame Cathedral (1240 AD)
52. Roman Catholicism
1. Primacy of the Pope: Pope is Vicar (representative) of Christ
2. Apostolic succession: Chain of authority from Peter to Priests
3. Immaculate Conception: Mary was born without sin
4. Veneration of Saints: asking saints to intercede
5. Purgatory: Temporary place baptized Christians go
53. Roman Catholicism
6. Transubstantiation: Bread & wine become body & blood
7. Sacraments vehicles for grace, sacri
fi
ce of the Mass
8. Word of God: Bible + Papal decree + Church Councils
9. Celibacy: Priests cannot marry
10. Latin Bible: only authorized Canon
54. 7 Sacraments
1. Baptism
2. Eucharist (Communion)
3. Con
fi
rmation
4. Confession
5. Anointing sick
6. Marriage
7. Ordination
56. Eastern Orthodox Church
1. Easter is Sunday after
Passover
2. Reject primacy of the
Pope
3. Priests can marry
4. Reject purgatory
5. Mary was not sinless
6. Bible & liturgy in Greek
68. Apostle’s Creed (3rd century)
• I believe in God, the Father almighty,
creator of heaven and earth.
• I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,
who was conceived by the Holy Spirit
and born of the virgin Mary.
69. • He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was cruci
fi
ed, died,
and was buried; he descended to hell.
• On the third day he rose again from the dead.
He ascended to heaven
and is seated at the right hand of God the Father
almighty.
• From there he will come to judge the living and the
dead.
70. Apostle’s Creed
• I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy
universal* church, the communion of saints,
the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of
the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.
81. Protestant Faith
1. Bible alone — Sola Scriptura
2. Faith alone — Sola Fideo
3. Priesthood of all believers
4. No purgatory
5. No papal authority
6. No veneration of saints
7. Two sacraments: Baptism &
Communion
8. Church composed of ALL
Christians
84. Common Differences Among Protestants
1. Can we baptize infants?
2. Is communion symbolic or mystical?
3. Can a person lose their salvation?
4. What will happen after Christ returns?
5. What kind of church government should we have?
6. Is there a 2nd experience AFTER conversion?
98. Pentecostal Churches
• Second experience after
conversion
• Speaking in other tongues
• Regular miraculous experience
99. Liberal Theology
• Bible is just a human book
• Historic Jesus not the same as
the Jesus of faith
• Speci
fi
c beliefs are not as
important
Bishop Shelby Spong
