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![[Isaac] grew and was weaned. And Abraham made a great feast on the
day that Isaac was weaned. But Sarah saw [Ishmael] the son of Hagar the
Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, laughing. So she said to
Abraham, “Cast out this slave woman with her son, for the son of this
slave woman shall not be heir with my son Isaac.” (Gen 21:8-11 ESV)
20](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-20-320.jpg)
![And the thing was very displeasing to Abraham on account of his son. But
God said to Abraham, “Be not displeased because of [Ishmael] because
of your slave woman. Whatever Sarah says to you, do as she tells you, for
through Isaac shall your o
ff
spring be named. And I will make a nation of
[Ishmael] also because he is your o
ff
spring.” (Gen 21:11-13 ESV)
21](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-21-320.jpg)
![So Abraham rose early in the morning and took bread and a skin of water
and gave it to Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, along with [Ishmael] and
sent her away. And she departed and wandered in the wilderness of
Beersheba. (Gen 21:14 ESV)
22](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-22-320.jpg)
![When the water in the skin was gone, she put [Ishmael] under one of the
bushes. Then she went and sat down opposite him a good way o
ff
, about
the distance of a bowshot, for she said, “Let me not look on the death of
the child.” And as she sat opposite him, she lifted up her voice and wept.
(Gen 21:15-17 ESV)
23](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-23-320.jpg)
![And God heard the voice of the boy, and the angel of God called to
Hagar from heaven and said to her, “What troubles you, Hagar? Fear not,
for God has heard the voice of [Ishmael] where he is. Up! Lift up [Ishmael],
and hold him fast with your hand, for I will make him into a great nation.”
(Gen 21:17-18 ESV)
24](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-24-320.jpg)
![Then God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water. And she went
and
fi
lled the skin with water and gave [Ishmael] a drink. And God was
with the boy, and he grew up. He lived in the wilderness and became an
expert with the bow. He lived in the wilderness of Paran, and his mother
took a wife for him from the land of Egypt. (Gen 21:19-21 ESV)
25](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-25-320.jpg)
![1. In the Name of Allah the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
2. [All] praise is [due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds -
3. The Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful,
4. Sovereign of the Day of Recompense.
5. It is You we worship and You we ask for help
6. Guide us to the straight path-
7. The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those
who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray.
Quran 1:1–7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/int-244topic3aislam-240208164239-b672eda6/85/INT-244-Topic-3a-Islam-227-320.jpg)
More Related Content
INT-244 Topic 3a Islam
- 1. Islam INT-244 • WorldReligions • Topic 3α
- 2.
- 3.
- 4. Muslims in theWorld 1.9 Billion Muslims 24% of the global population in 2020 World Religion Database. (2020). https://worldreligiondatabase.org
- 5. World Religions Christianity 2.5billion 32% Islam 1.9 billion 24% Hinduism 1.1 billion 14% Buddhism 533 million 7% Chinese Folk 466 million 6% World Religion Database. (2020). https://worldreligiondatabase.org
- 6. Muslims in theWorld 1.9 billion Muslims Worldwide 4.45 million Muslims in United States 50k - 60k Muslims in Arizona 2020 US Census Bureau https://cronkitenews.azpbs.org/2016/08/15/arizona-muslims-one-perception-many-faces/
- 7. 50,000 - 60,000in Arizona https://cronkitenews.azpbs.org/2016/08/15/arizona-muslims-one-perception-many-faces/
- 8. Muslims in theWorld 20% in Middle East 62% in Asia-Paci fi c 10% in Europe making up 5% of population https://worldreligiondatabase-org
- 9. Muslims in theUnited States • 56% of American Muslims arrived after 2000 • 82% of American Muslims are US citizens • 42% of American Muslims are US born
- 10.
- 11. US. Department ofState, April 2001
- 12. Country of OriginPercentage % United States 42 South Asia 20 Mideast 14 Africa 5 Europe 2 Country of Origin
- 13. 6% 10% 19% 33% 26% 2% 1970 1980 19902000 2010 2020 1960 1950 1940 When did Muslims Immigrate to the United States https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2017/07/26/demographic-portrait-of-muslim-americans/
- 15. What can yousay about the Muslim community in the United States?
- 16. What can yousay about the Muslim community in the United States? • Muslim Americans are no longer foreign immigrants • Muslim Americans are established Americans • Muslim American Culture values learning and hard work • Muslim Americans are upwardly mobile
- 17.
- 18.
- 19.
- 20. [Isaac] grew andwas weaned. And Abraham made a great feast on the day that Isaac was weaned. But Sarah saw [Ishmael] the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, laughing. So she said to Abraham, “Cast out this slave woman with her son, for the son of this slave woman shall not be heir with my son Isaac.” (Gen 21:8-11 ESV) 20
- 21. And the thingwas very displeasing to Abraham on account of his son. But God said to Abraham, “Be not displeased because of [Ishmael] because of your slave woman. Whatever Sarah says to you, do as she tells you, for through Isaac shall your o ff spring be named. And I will make a nation of [Ishmael] also because he is your o ff spring.” (Gen 21:11-13 ESV) 21
- 22. So Abraham roseearly in the morning and took bread and a skin of water and gave it to Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, along with [Ishmael] and sent her away. And she departed and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba. (Gen 21:14 ESV) 22
- 23. When the waterin the skin was gone, she put [Ishmael] under one of the bushes. Then she went and sat down opposite him a good way o ff , about the distance of a bowshot, for she said, “Let me not look on the death of the child.” And as she sat opposite him, she lifted up her voice and wept. (Gen 21:15-17 ESV) 23
- 24. And God heardthe voice of the boy, and the angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, “What troubles you, Hagar? Fear not, for God has heard the voice of [Ishmael] where he is. Up! Lift up [Ishmael], and hold him fast with your hand, for I will make him into a great nation.” (Gen 21:17-18 ESV) 24
- 25. Then God openedher eyes, and she saw a well of water. And she went and fi lled the skin with water and gave [Ishmael] a drink. And God was with the boy, and he grew up. He lived in the wilderness and became an expert with the bow. He lived in the wilderness of Paran, and his mother took a wife for him from the land of Egypt. (Gen 21:19-21 ESV) 25
- 26.
- 27.
- 28. Roman Empire Split330 AD Roman Empire Byzantine Empire
- 29.
- 30.
- 31.
- 32.
- 33. Arabs Zoroastrian Byzantine Coptic Judaism In fl uence byJudaism, Zoroastrianism, & Christianity
- 34. Islam grew outof conversation between three religions
- 35.
- 36.
- 37.
- 38. Ka’aba Ka’aba = Cube •Meteorite • Venerated as divine by Arabs • Mecca, Arab holy site
- 39.
- 40.
- 41. Muhammed’s Upbringing • 570AD Born in Mecca • Hashemite Arab Tribe • Family were possibly Zoroastrians
- 42. Muhammed’s Upbringing • Father(Abdullah) died before he was born • Mother (Amina) died when he was a child • Uncle (Abu Talib) raised Muhammad
- 43. Khadija Married in 595AD She died in 619 (after 25 years) 43
- 44. ʿAʾishah Married Muhammad after Koransays she was 6 years old (!) Father Abu Bakr, close associate. 44
- 45. Muhammed’s Life • TwoSons who died • Four daughters were his heirs • Became a camel driver in Mecca • Watered camels for pilgrims to Ka’aba • Became very religious (what religion?)
- 46. Cave of Hira 610AD The Night of Power
- 47. Muhammed’s Revelation 610AD • Prayed and meditated in Cave of Hira • Received revelation from Angel Gavriel (Gabriel) • Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power) • Angel commanded: “Recite!” • But Muhammed was illiterate
- 48. Preached in Mecca Onenessof Allah
- 49. Proclamation: There isonly One God, and he is Allah 49
- 50. ‘Allah = Arabicfor God אלה = Aramaic in Book of Daniel
- 51. Hegira 622 AD Flight toMedina Year One
- 52. Medina 622 - 632AD King of Medina protected him Converted to Islam Islam grew Islamic Law developed Mosque of the Prophet
- 53. Sharia Law Established inMedina Sharia Law "the clear, well-trodden path to water” Religious Civil Laws Mosque of the Prophet
- 54. Different Origins Judaism —developed as a religion of exiles Christianity — developed as counter-culture religion Islam — developed as a State Religion
- 55. Different Origins Judaism —Practices as refugees in exile Christianity — Beliefs of those in opposition to the State Islam — State Religion with civil and religious laws
- 56. Battle of Trench 627AD Meccans attacked Medina Defense of Medina
- 57. Slaughter of Qurayza 627AD Executed 400-600 Jews in Medina
- 58. Treaty of Hudaybiyyah 628 AD BetweenMedina & Mecca’s Qurayshi Tribe
- 59. Conquest of Mecca 630AD Led army back to Mecca First Hajj (Pilgrimage)
- 60. Death of Muhammad 632AD Abu Bakr took over First Caliph
- 62.
- 63. Abu Bakr ibn ʿAbīQuḥāfa Ruled 632 - 634 AD First Caliph Muhammad’s Father in Law
- 64. Spread of IslamUnder Abu Baker (632 - 634)
- 65. Umar (Omar) ibn al-Khattab Ruled634 - 644 Second Caliph Conquered Palestine Captured Jerusalem
- 66. Spread of IslamUnder Umar (634-644)
- 67. Conquered Jerusalem Established Pact ofUmar Built Shrine of the Rock Built Al Aqsa Mosque Third Sacred Site Dome of the Rock / Mosque of Omar
- 68. The Pact ofUmar
- 69. Pact of Omar(644 AD) 1. Protects Dhimmis (non-Muslims) 2. Prohibits rebuilding churches/synagogues 3. Prohibits Churches/Synagogues higher than mosques 4. Requires Dhimmis to pay Jizya 5. Prohibits evangelism or trying to convert a Muslim to Christianity 6. Prohibits public religious celebrations
- 70. Pact of Omar(644 AD) 7. Prohibits public displays of crosses 8. Prohibits loud sounds (ex. Calls to worship) 9. Prohibits stopping someone from converting to Islam 10. Prohibits dressing like or imitating Muslims 11. Requires Dhimmis rise in presence of Muslim
- 71. Pact of Omar(644 AD) 12. Requires Christians wear blue belts or turbins 13. Requires Jews to wear yellow belts or yellow hats
- 72. Uthman ibn Affan Ruled 644- 656 Third Caliph
- 73. Uthman ibn Affan Circulated theQuran In all the provinces Conquered N Africa
- 74. Spread of IslamUnder Uthman (644–656)
- 75. Ali ibn Abi Talib b.599 Ruled 656 - 661 Fourth Caliph
- 76. Caliph Ali Son-in-law ofMuhammed Claimed heir by lineage Claimed only true heir
- 77. Martyred January 27, 661AD Grand Mosque in Kufa, Iraq (Babylon)
- 78. Ali Ibn Talib Son-in-Law 4thCaliph Shi’a Islam Abu Bakr Father-in-Law 1st Caliph Sunni Islam SPLIT
- 79. Umayyad Dynasty Ruled 661-750 Capital inDamascus, Syria Great Umayyad Mosque Fourth Sacred Site Umayyad Mosque, Damascus
- 80. Spread of IslamUnder Umayyads (661-750)
- 81.
- 82. Abbasid Dynasty Ruled 750-1249 Capitalin Baghdad, Iraq Golden Age of Islam Baghdad
- 83. Golden Age ofIslam
- 84. How did IslamSpread (632 - 750) Christians, Zoroastrians, and Jews CHOICE 1. Submit to the Pact of Omar 2. Become Dhimmis (subjects) and pay the Jizya (tax) or 3. Convert to Islam or 4. Be Killed
- 85. How do wetalk about the spread of Islam?
- 86. Islamic Contributions • Math:Algebra, Geometry • Science: Medicine, Astronomy • Culture and Trade with the East • Medicine: surgery, medicines
- 87. Islamic Contributions Literature: Preservationof Greek manuscripts including the Bible
- 88. Islamic Contributions toEurope Rice, sugar cane, Egyptian Cotton, hemp, oranges, lemons, melons, pistachios, apricots, syrups
- 89.
- 90. Clark, 2017, TheStory of Europe
- 91. Islamic Contributions Jews fl eeing christianEurope found sanctuary in Islamic lands
- 93. Modern History ofIslam
- 94. The Ottoman Empire TheLast Caliphate 1299 - 1922
- 95. Ottoman Empire 1299- 1922
- 96. Conquest of Constantinople 1453 Conquest ofByzantium Ottoman becomes European kingdom Renamed the city of Istanbul
- 97. Battle of Vienna 1683 Deepestpoint in Europe
- 98. Invention of Croissant Austrian Bakers CelebrateRepulsion of Islam
- 99. Birth of Cafe’s Coffeehouses spread in Austria and then France
- 100. Modernization of IslamicWorld 1918 - 1950s
- 101. Decline of OttomanEmpire Before WWI
- 102. Colonization of theIslamic World Before WWI
- 103. Collapse of IslamicWorld After WWI (1917 - 1945)
- 104.
- 105.
- 106. Westernization of theIslamic World • Women’s rights • Modern movies, radio, and TV • Rock and Popular Music • Democratic, Secular Government • Western Dress and culture
- 107. Rise of ModernArab Nationalism • Secular National Identities that was not religious • Secular Governments • Political alliances with Soviet Union or America • Dictatorships repressing Islamic extremism
- 108. Political Polarization • GlobalCold War • Pressure to align with either USSR or USA
- 109.
- 110. Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb 1703-1792 FoundedWahhabi Islam Reaction to Modernity Return to Sharia Law in Islamic Nations Wahabi Islam spread in Saudi Arabia
- 111. Hasan Al-Banna 1906-1949 Egyptian SchoolTeacher Founded Muslim Brotherhood Advocated Sharia Law in Egypt
- 112. Ayatollah Khomeini 1902 -1989 Shi’a Religious Leader 1979 Came to power in Iran Established Sharia Law
- 113. Mohamed Morsi Muslim Brotherhood Egypt TalibanParty Afghanistan Ayatollah Khomeini Iran Rise of Islamic Extremist Groups
- 114. Ahmed Yassin 1937 -2004 Shi’ite Religious Palestinian leader 1987 Founded HAMAS in Gaza Supported by Iran
- 115.
- 116. Rise of IslamicExtremism 1. Reaction to Western Culture 2. Reaction to Secular Governments 3. Reaction to Dictators in Arab Countries 4. Advocated Sharia Law in all Islamic Nations
- 117. Origins of theWar with Gaza
- 120. Timeline of theConflict 1948 - Israel declares independence. 1948 - Arab armies invaded Israel. Arab inhabitants were displaced and became refugees. 1964 - Arab refugees united and called themselves PALESTINIANS 1967 - Six-Day War, Arab armies invaded Israel. Israel captured the West Bank & Gaza, occupying. 1995 - Israel recognized Independent Palestine. Westbank and Gaza become self-governed but occupied. 2005 - Israel withdrew from the GAZA strip. Gaza became an independent, unoccupied country. 2007 - Hamas took over GAZA and launched repeated attacks on Israel. 2007 - present — HAMAS repeatedly attacks Israel, refusing negotiation, swearing to annihilate Israel 2023 - Hamas launched attack, killing 900 civilians & kidnapping 150 civilians funded by and supported by Iran. 120
- 121. Latest in Israel-GazaConflict • Saturday, October 7 — Hamas militants from Gaza invaded Southern Israel 5,000 rockets fi red into Israel, including Tel Aviv & Jerusalem 260 Israelis killed at a Rock Concert in S Israel 150 Israeli civilians kidnapped and taken back to Gaza 900 Israelis killed, almost all civilians 121
- 122. What are theirclaims? • Israel occupies Jerusalem, 3rd Holy Site • Israel occupies Palestine and oppresses Palestinians • Israel normalized relationships with Arab countries Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Sudan, United Arab Emirates, and working on Saudi Arabia.
- 123. Sunni-Shi’a Schism INT-244 Topic3 • Day 3
- 124. Sunni Islam Caliph AbuBakr 573 - 634 AD First Caliph Muhammad’s Father-In-Law
- 125. Sunni Islam Caliph AbuBakr Muhammad’s Rightful Heir Not a prophet Only ruler
- 126. Shi’a Ali Ali ibnTalib 600 - 661 AD Muhammad’s Son-in-Law Fourth Caliph Rightful Heir by Marriage A Prophet and religious leader
- 127. Schism Shia’t Ali —“Followers of Ali" Sunni — “The Way”
- 128.
- 129.
- 130. Jerusalem: Dome ofthe Rock Medina: Mosque of the Prophet Mecca: The Ka’aba Damascus: Umayyad Mosque Najaf, Iraq: Imam Ali
- 131.
- 132. 2. Mosque ofthe Prophet in Medina
- 133. 3. Dome ofthe Rock in Jerusalem
- 134. 4. Umayyad Mosque Damascus,Syria The Great Mosque Muhammad’s grandson Husayn ibn Ali Place where Isa (Jesus) will return
- 135. 5. Imam Ali Najaf,Iraq Sacred to only to Shi’a Tomb of Ali, brother of Muhammad
- 136.
- 137. Quran Abu Bakr beganediting Begun 632 AD Finalized 656 AD Means recitation
- 138. Quran Estab. Arabicwritten language
- 139. How Texts formalizeLanguage • Tanach (Old Testament) formalized Hebrew language • Works of Cicero (70 BC - 14 AD) formalized Latin • Shakespeare & King James Bible formalized Modern English • Quran (7th Century) formalized Arabic Language
- 140.
- 141.
- 142. Islam Beliefs Practices Duties FivePillars Six Articles of Faith Divine Duties
- 143. Belief: Six Articlesof Faith
- 144. Six Articles ofFaith 1. Belief in One God 2. Belief in Angels 3. Belief in the Prophets 4. Belief in the Resurrection and Final Judgment 5. Belief in the Holy Books 6. Belief in Divine Decree
- 145. 1. Belief inOne God Allah, who is indivisible, incomparable to men or women, not begotten, and not a trinity
- 146. 2. Belief inAngels • Angels created from light • Angels have no free will • Angels created for task or purpose • Jin created from fi re • Jin have free will • Bad Jin follow Satan • Good Jin operate in the world
- 147. 3. Belief inthe Prophets God sent men & women prophets including Abraham, Moses, Isa (Jesus), and His last prophet, Muhammad.
- 148. 4. Belief inResurrection and Final Judgement All men & women will die, and rise again in the resurrection after which they will face judgement
- 149. End Times • Signsof the End times: Immorality, crime, callousness • Coming of the Mahdi (Guided One) • Unite Muslims • Isa will return & rule • Satan will be killed • Resurrection of the Dead • Day of Judgement
- 150. 5. Belief inthe Holy Books 1. Old Testament 2. New Testament 3. Quran “recitation” OT & NT were corrupted Quran only was preserved
- 151. 6. Belief inthe Divine Decree Allah ordained certain things in life All things happen according to the Will of Allah. Men and women’s duty is to accept His will.
- 152. Inshallah “If God WillsIt” Said when making plans
- 153. Practice: Five Pillarsof Islam
- 155. 1. Shahada Confession There isno God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet.
- 157. 2. Salat Praying FiveTimes a day • Before sunrise • Noon • Midday • After sunset • Night
- 158. Great Mosque inIstanbul Minaret (Beacon)
- 159. Adhan (Call toworship) Allahu akbar Allah is great Ashadu an la ilaha illa llah I bear witness there is no god but Allah Ashadu ‘Anna Muhmmadan rasulu illah I bear witness that Muhammad is Allah’s prophet Chayya ‘ala s-salah Hasten to prayer! Chayya ‘ala I-falah Hasten to salvation As-salatu khayrun mina n’nawa prayer is better than sleep Allahu ‘akbar Allah is great la ilaha illa llah. There is no god but Allah
- 161.
- 162. 4. Sawm Fast ofRamadan
- 163. Ramadan • Eve. Wed.March 22 - Eve. Fri. April 21, 2023 • When ‘Allah gave Muhammad 1st Chapter of Qu’ran • Fast, and Restraint (ex. No movies, dance, intimacy)
- 164. Iftar — mealafter sunset
- 165. Eid al-Fitr —Fast after Ramadan
- 166.
- 168. Duties: The Responsibilitiesof a Muslim
- 169. The Duties ofa Muslim 1. Duty to Parents: Honoring family and parents 2. Duty to Others 3. Duty to Neighbor 4. Duty to Society: Justice 5. Duty to the Earth: Care for the Earth 6. Duty to Animals: Care for Animals
- 170. A Visit toa Mosque
- 172. The Masjid (Mosque) •Community Center • Place of worship • Place to give Zakat (charity) • Place of learning (study) • Market Place (books, Islamic materials) 172
- 173. The Masjid (Mosque) Arabicfor place of prostration (prayer) 173
- 174. The Dome Not requiredbut symbolizes the vault of heaven 174
- 175. The Crescent & Fivepointed star Crescent represents creator Five points are Five pillars of Islam 175
- 176. The Minaret Towers tocall worshippers to prayer 176
- 177. Separate Seating Men andwomen sit separate 177
- 178. Mihrab The niche inthe eastern wall of the Mosque (pointing toward Mecca) where the congregation faces 178
- 179. Mihrab The pulpit thecleric leads prayer from 179
- 180. Right & leftof pulpit To Right is name of Allah To Left is name Muhammad 180
- 181. 40 Men Quorum Mustbe at least 40 men present 181
- 182. Assamualaikum AT end ofprayer they say “Assamualaikum” (Peace be to you). Look to right and left to remind the angel to record their deeds Right angel records good deeds Left angel records bad deeds 182
- 183.
- 184. Women’s head coverings •Misunderstood as symbols of oppression • Became a symbol of ethnic pride
- 185. Why I wearthe hijab
- 186. Hijab Means “to conceal” Mostpopular covering Worn in the West
- 187. Shayla Hijab Simple, longrectangular scarf worn to cover just the hair and neck.
- 188. Al-Amira Hijab Two pieceveil, with close fi tting cap, like a tube scarf, worn over head, neck, and hangs down over shoulders.
- 189. Khimar Long cape-like veilhanging down to the waist, covering up the hair neck shoulders, and only shows the face.
- 190. Abaya Covers the entirebody, only showing the face and hands. A full body robe with a scarf.
- 191. Abaya Saudi Arabia, Yemen,United Arab Emerites, Morocco, Indonesia, Turkey, Qatar.
- 192. Doa Gaun Long, round,intricately embroidered cotton veils, slip over the heads, tied in the back with a ribbon. Worn primarily during prayer. Shows the entire face
- 193. Doa Gaun Indonesia, Malaysia,Thailand
- 194. Chador Iran Covers everything butface Usually black, not colored
- 195. Chador Primarily worn inIran, Afghanistan, and extremely traditional Muslim societies
- 196. Niqab Veil for theface, showing only the eyes. Worn in Central Asia, such as Iran, Iraq, Pakistan and very traditional societies
- 197. Burqa Long overgarment concealing theentire body except the hands, with a screen for the eyes. Worn in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and very traditional societies
- 198. Birqini Europe Modern version ofBurka Swimsuit
- 199. Men & Womenin Islam
- 200. Women in Islam 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 200
- 201. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 201
- 202. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 202
- 203. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 203
- 204. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 204
- 205. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 205
- 206. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 206
- 207. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 8. Muslim men may marry Jewish or Christian wives, but not pagan (Surah 2:221) 207
- 208. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 8. Muslim men may marry Jewish or Christian wives, but not pagan (Surah 2:221) 9. Women are unclean during their period (Surah 2:222) 208
- 209. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 8. Muslim men may marry Jewish or Christian wives, but not pagan (Surah 2:221) 9. Women are unclean during their period (Surah 2:222) 10.Adultery requires public punishment (Surah 4:15-18) 209
- 210. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 8. Muslim men may marry Jewish or Christian wives, but not pagan (Surah 2:221) 9. Women are unclean during their period (Surah 2:222) 10.Adultery requires public punishment (Surah 4:15-18) 11.Divorce is permitted, but only after attempt to reconcile (Surah 226:242) 210
- 211. Women & Marriage 1.Men & women were created “from one soul” (Surah 4:1) 2. God created all things in pairs (Surah 51:49) 3. Men & women will be rewarded in paradise (Surah 3:195) 4. Men should treat women respectfully with kindness (Surah 4:19) 5. Husbands are leaders in marriage. Women are not inferior (Surah 4:34) 6. Women dress modestly outside. No command to be completely veiled. 7. Men can marry up to 4 wives & must treat them fairly & equally (Surah 4:3) 8. Muslim men may marry Jewish or Christian wives, but not pagan (Surah 2:221) 9. Women are unclean during their period (Surah 2:222) 10.Adultery requires public punishment (Surah 4:15-18) 11.Divorce is permitted, but only after attempt to reconcile (Surah 226:242) 12.At death, estate divided up: husband receives ½ wife. Wife receives ¼ of husband’s (Surah 4:7-12) 211
- 212. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 212
- 213. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 2. Men & women should dress modestly 213
- 214. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 2. Men & women should dress modestly 3. Men often wear a head covering after they completed the Hajj 214
- 215. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 2. Men & women should dress modestly 3. Men often wear a head covering after they completed the Hajj 4. Men often wear head coverings during prayer 215
- 216. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 2. Men & women should dress modestly 3. Men often wear a head covering after they completed the Hajj 4. Men often wear head coverings during prayer 5. Men and women are separated in school and in the Mosque 216
- 217. Gender Norms inIslam 1. Men should touch a woman who is not his wife 2. Men & women should dress modestly 3. Men often wear a head covering after they completed the Hajj 4. Men often wear head coverings during prayer 5. Men and women are separated in school and in the Mosque 6. Men and women are expected to be married early 217
- 218. Cultural Values • Learningand Study • Restraint (not indulgent) • High power distance
- 219. Cultural Values • Maledominate (women subordinate roles) • Collectivist (not individual) • High Uncertainty avoidance
- 220. Cultural Values • Givingto charity • Modesty and conservative dress • Hospitality and generosity • Respect all religion and tradition
- 221. Sensitivities • Israel andtheir occupation of the territories • Palestinians and autonomy • Dietary restrictions • Social interaction of men with women • Modest dress (especially women)
- 222. Sensitivities • Movies, music,celebration (ex. Alcohol) • Avoid depictions of Muhammed • Never criticize Muhammed or the Quran • Don’t put the Quran on the fl oor!
- 223. Practices & ReligiousObjects
- 224. Quran Revealed by Gabrielto Muhammad Over 23 years Concluded in 632 AD
- 225. Quran Means Recitation Read Aloud Readin Arabic Memorized
- 226. Quran 114 Surahs (Chapters) Eachchapter has Ayat (Verses) Begins with Bismillah “In the name of Allah” Ordered in size, not chronology
- 227. 1. In theName of Allah the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2. [All] praise is [due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds - 3. The Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful, 4. Sovereign of the Day of Recompense. 5. It is You we worship and You we ask for help 6. Guide us to the straight path- 7. The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray. Quran 1:1–7
- 228. Prayer Mat Prostration &Sitting Value Cleanliness Prostrate forehead to fl oor
- 229. Prayer Beads Misbaha 99 smallbeads (or) 33 large Beads
- 230. Wudhu Ceremonial Washing Before prayer Ablution(cleanse of sin) Wash the body parts that sin Hands, Feet, Mouth, Eyes
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- 233. Sunni Islam • 89- 90% of Muslims • Abu Bakr Siddique Caliph • Await the Mahdi, true successor • Imam is only a religious leader • Followers do not need intermediary
- 234. Shi’a Islam • 200Million followers • Iran, Iraq, Yemen, and Syria • Ali ibn Talib was divine successor • Imam religious & community leader • Imam decides meaning of Quran
- 235. Ibadi Islam • Oman •Claims they pre-date Sunni & Shi’a • God will not show himself on Judgement day • Do not need community leader a
- 236. Ahmadiyya Islam • EastAfrica, Southeast Asia • Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835 - 1908) • Ahmad was newest prophet • Renewal movement • Beliefs similar to Sunni
- 237. Su fi sm Islam • Turkey,Iran, Greece, Balkans • Follow Ali Ibn Talib (successor) • Puri fi cation of the Inner Self • Personal, mystical experience with Allah • Cross-denominational movement
- 238. Bahai • Persia in1844 • Taught God would send a new prophet The Bab (1819 - 1850)
- 239. Bahai • Baha’ullah claimedto be that prophet. • In 1863 declared he was the new prophet • Was thrown in jail Baha’ullah. (1817-1892)
- 240. Bahai • Abdul-Bahai (son)in 1908 traveled to Europe and the US teaching. • Established Bahai religion
- 241. Bahai • Today about5-8 million adherents to Bahai • Claims to unite all the world religions
- 242. Wahhabism • 1703-1792 • FoundedWahhabi Islam • Reaction to Modern Culture • Return to Strict Islam Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb
- 243. Wahhabi Islam Spreads inSaudi Arabia
- 244. Wahhabism Sunni, Reform movementthat sought to purge medieval practices such as venerating Muslim saints, and sacred shrines. Return to 7th century Islam as they believed it to be. Jihadist Movement Taliban in Afghanistan
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- 246. Mahdi Warrior Messiah Appear atthe end of time Destroy enemies of Islam
- 247. Mahdi Joined by Isa(Jesus) Reign over the World
- 248. Mahdi 1. descendent ofMuhammed or 2. already came & return or 3. Mahdi IS Isa (Jesus)
- 249.
- 250. Hadith Oral sayings ofMuhammed didn’t make it into Quran
- 251. Hadith 1.Sahih Bukhari, 2.Sahih Muslim,and 3.Sunan Abu Dawud.
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- 255. Turkish Public BroadcastService (2019)
- 256. What are wayswe can be sensitive?
- 257. What are wayswe can explain the gospel?