The document summarizes some key aspects of classical Hinduism, including its scriptures like the Vedas and important texts like the Bhagavad Gita and Ramayana. It outlines some popular gods like Shiva and Vishnu. It also discusses the emergence of tantras and concepts like the Shri Yantra symbol, kundalini yoga, chakras, mantras, mudras and how they relate to mapping the human body and manipulating psychic energy. Videos are provided for additional explanation on some of these topics.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Hindu scripture overview in classical Hinduism
• Emerged as early as 1500 B.C
• The Vedas: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWTdCorvOWU (8 min)
• Rigveda
• Yajurveda
• Samaveda
• Atharvaveda
• Significance of the Vedas
• Key literature in Hinduism:
• Bhagavad Gita:
• Mahabhrata: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXz0mggaAw4 (13 min)
• Ramayana: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_AnML04ocA&t=30s (13 min)
3. Popular gods in classical Hinduism
Shiva: God of death/destruction Vishnu: God of preservation/maintainer
4. Emergence of tantras
• Secret oral teaching
• Coded symbolic language
• Teaches self-realization by unifying oneself with Absolute Reality
• Tantra symbols – e.g. shri yantra or shri cakhra
• Explanation of the shri yantra:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AwWFmYSUCs (10 min)
5. Shri Yantra
• Sri Yantra, also
known as Sri Chakra,
is a complex sacred
geometry used
for worship, devotion
and meditation.
• Yantra means
'instrument' or
'machine' in Sanskrit.
• This sacred symbol is
in use for thousands
of years, and its origin
is clouded in mystery.
It is one of the most
difficult geometrical
figures to draw
7. Kundalini yoga, chakras, mantras and mudras
• Mapping the human body onto the macrocosm of the universe
• Yoga and Hinduism: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OsayLCPNXpE (2 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdCyDYpUXIw (6 min)
• Psychic energy in the body is awakened and manipulated by
• Mantras (utterances). E.g. “OM”
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QHJAVFyl5SI
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6IKwiV4dioQ
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTKbw0_-mNs (8 min)
• Mudras (gestures):
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDHknhCXyww (7 min)
• Yantras and mandalas (symbolic constructions)
• Drawing the yantra: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vval5SAbSsE (3 min)
• Drawing the yantra freehand: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f499WxIcoMc (5 min)
• Drawing the modern mandala: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U49TaN-MkM8 (4 min)
• Explaining mandala art: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNCFi5ss7ZI (4 min)
