The document summarizes the early history of Christianity and its split from Judaism in several stages: 1) After Jesus' death, his followers began preaching to both Jews and Gentiles, leading to a split as Gentiles were accepted without converting to Judaism. 2) The destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 AD further separated Christianity from Judaism. 3) By the 2nd century, the growing Gentile-led Christian church rejected its Jewish roots and origins. 4) This established Christianity as a distinct religion, separate from Judaism, with its own traditions, leadership, and identity.

1. Friday, February 3 — Trip to ASU Hillel
Fri. Feb 3 @ 4:50 pm Jewish Shabbat Service and Dinner
RSVP Go to the link in the announcements
4:50 pm Leave from here, room 16-401 (Carpool)
Park at 1020 S Mill Ave. in Tempe
Walk to the Hillel at 1012 S Mill Ave, starts at 5:45 pm
Dress “nice”, not over-dressy. It’s a student event.
Don’t write in notebook, record, or take photos.
It’s an interfaith student event

2. Other Field Trips Join Me
Sun. Feb 5 @ 10-5 pm Arizona Indian Cultural Festival
Scottsdale Civic Center, 3339 N Drinkwater, Scottdale
Sun. Feb 12, 19 @ 10 am Arizona Buddhist Temple
4142 W Clarendon, Phoenix
Fri. Feb 17 @ 12:40 pm Islamic Community Center Mosque Mid-Day Prayer
Meet at 2515 W Orangewood Ave. near I-17

3. Christianity
History, Beliefs, and Denominations
INT-244 Topic 1, Day 3 “History of the Christian Church”

4. Quiz 1
1. Available Friday, Jan 20
2. Due Sunday, Jan 22 @ 11:59 pm
3. Covers Introduction to Culture, Religion, & Christianity
4. Covers the Reading posted in announcements
5. Review posted on Monday.
6. 25 questions, multiple choice, matching

5. History of Christianity
Early Church • Parting of the Ways • East/West Split

6. Part 1: Split with Judaism

7. Early Church
Spread & Split with Judaism

8. Yeshua ‫ישוע‬
Messiah of O.T.
Began in Israel
Spoke Hebrew
Jewish Holidays

9. Sects of Judaism in 1st century
• Pharisees
• Sadducees
• Enochians? (writers of Book of Enoch)
• Essenes (writers of Dead Sea Scrolls)
• Nazarenes (Jewish followers of Jesus)

10. Jesus’ Commission
Acts 1:8

11. But you will receive power when the Holy
Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my
witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and
Samaria, and to the end of the earth.
(Acts 1:8 ESV)

12. But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has
come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in
Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria,
and to the end of the earth.
(Acts 1:8 ESV)

14. Start

15. Start
Ends

16. Gentiles for Jesus??

17. What do we do with Gentiles for Jesus?
a. Gentiles cannot follow Jesus, only Jews?
b. Gentiles must convert to Judaism?
c. Gentiles & Jews come together and both follow Jesus!

18. Jerusalem Council
Acts 15
Gentiles can follow Jesus
Gentiles do not need to convert

19. Parting of the Ways
Schism between Judaism and Christianity

20. Stage 1 (33-70 AD)
Synagogues banished Jewish Followers

21. Jesus’ followers feared the Jewish leaders, for the
Jewish leaders had already agreed that if anyone
should confess Jesus to be the Messiah, he was to
be put out of the synagogue.
(John 9:22 ESV)

22. Stage 2 (70 AD)
Destruction of Jerusalem

23. Destruction of Temple in 70 AD

24. Jesus’ followers remembered He
told them to flee Jerusalem!

25. When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies,
then know that its desolation has come near. Then
let those who are in Judea
fl
ee to the mountains,
and let those who are inside the city depart.
(Luke 21:20–21 ESV)

26. Eusebius wrote that the Nazarenes
(early Jewish Christians)
fl
ed to Pella,
Jordan in 70 AD
History of the Church 3:5:3

27. Nazarenes were seen as traitors
History of the Church 3:5:3

28. Archaeological evidence of Christians in Pella, Jordan

29. Stage 3 (90 AD)
Beginning of rabbinic Judaism

30. How was sin atoned for in OT?

31. Second Temple (445 BC - 70 AD)

32. Day of Atonement, Priest offered sacri
fi
ce for sins

33. Romans destroyed Temple in 70 AD

34. No More Temple | No More Sacri
fi
ced

35. No More Temple | No More Sacri
fi
ced
How do you pay for sin??

36. R. Yohanon B Zakkai
Council of Yavneh 90 AD
Prayer, Repentance, and
Works pay for sin

37. Followers of Jesus
“Behold the Lamb of God
(Jesus) who takes away
the Sins of the World”

38. Stage 4 (135 AD)
Bar Kochba Revolt

39. Bar Kochba Revolt

40. Rabbi Akiva
Declared Bar Kochba the Messiah

41. Nazarenes
Jesus is the messiah, not bar Kochba

42. Nazarenes
Permanently exiled from synagogue

43. Stage 5 (2nd century +)
Gentile Church rejects Jews

44. Early Church leaders
Reject Jews & Jewish-Christians

45. Justin Martyr
100-165 AD
1. Jews killed Christ
2. God rejected Israel
3. Church is now Israel

46. Saint Augustine
354-430 AD
1. Jews are still around?
2. To suffer God’s punishment!
3. A warning to the rest of us!

47. John Chrysostom
347 - 407 AD
1. Church is no longer Jewish
2. Forsake Jewish observances
3. Jewish Christians need to abandon
Jewish heritage and assimilate

48. End of Schism
• Jewish Christians banished from Synagogue
• Jewish Christians assimilated in Church
• Church replaced Israel
• Roman culture replaced Jewish culture
Notre Dame Cathedral (1240 AD)

49. Nicaea Council

50. Roman Persecution of Early Christians

51. Emperor Constantine
Ruled 306 - 337 AD

52. Battle of Melvian Bridge
October, 312
Between Constantine and emperor
Maxentius

53. Battle of Melvian Bridge
October, 312
Paint X (chi) and P (rho)
On the shields of the soldiers

54. Baptized Army
Christianity o
ffi
cial religion of Rome

55. Questions ????
• Is Jesus a created mini-god like Hercules?
• Is the the god of the Old Testament an evil war god and
• the god of the New Testament a warm fatherly God?
• Was Jesus all God and not at all Human?

56. Nicaea

57. Nicaea Council in 325 AD

58. Nicene Creed

59. Nicene Creed
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Chaldean Christians
Ethiopian Christians
Coptic Christians
Protestants
Lutheran
Baptist
Pentecostals
Presbyterian
Methodists
Episcopal
Calvary Chapels
(All the rest)