12. Act 3 - Redemption
• The Life of Jesus
• Promise of a Redeemer (messiah)
• Person: Divine and Human
• Teaching: Kingdom of God
• Work: Paid for our Sins
13. Act 4 - Restoration
• How the work of Christ a
ff
ects us?
• What is our response?
16. Gospel
English: Good news, a message that brings joy
Hebrew: Basar to bring good news
Greek: Evangelion, good news, joyful message
Hancock, C.D. (1988). Gospel. In Sinclair Ferguson & David Wright (Eds.). New dictionary of theology. IVP
17. Old Testament
Basar Good Tidings, Good News
God’s promise to redeem Israel from
their captivity in Babylon
23. Group Exercise
Read these passages and describe what the word for gospel means in its context
• Isaiah 40: 1-11
• 1 Corinthians 15:1-5
• Luke 4:17-21
• Isaiah 61:1-4
• Romans 1:1-6
• Isaiah 52:7-12
• Romans 1:16-17
24. Now I would remind you, brothers, of the gospel I
preached to you, which you received, in which you
stand, and by which you are being saved, if you hold fast
to the word I preached to you—unless you believed in
vain. For I delivered to you as of
fi
rst importance what I
also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance
with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was
raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,
and he appeared to Peter and the 12 disciples.
(1 Cor 15:1–5 ESV)
25. The Gospel of Jesus
1 Corinthians 15:1-5
1. The Messiah died for our sins
2. According to the Old Testament
3. Buried and raised the third day
4. Appeared to the disciples
27. Behold, the LORD’S hand is not shortened, that it
cannot save, or his ear dull, that it cannot hear; but your
iniquities have made a separation between you and
your God, and your sins have hidden his face from you
so that he does not hear.
(Isa 59:1–2 ESV)
43. For the life of the
fl
esh is in the blood, and I have given
it for you on the altar to make atonement for your souls,
for it is the blood that makes atonement by the life.
Leviticus 17:11 ESV
46. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation
3. Expiation
4. Redemption
5. Salvation
47. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation — restoration of a relationship
48. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation — Act of appeasing God, satisfying his anger at sin
49. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation
3. Expiation — act of making amends, reparations for guilt,
removing the guilt
50. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation
3. Expiation
4. Redemption — Purchasing back a slave or captive
51. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation
3. Expiation
4. Redemption
5. Salvation — Delivering someone from sin and the
consequences of their sin
52. Atonement in the New Testament
1. Reconciliation
2. Propitiation
3. Expiation
4. Redemption
5. Salvation
55. How does atonement work?
Why is atonement necessary to have a relationship with God
56. Why did Jesus have to die?
1. Substitution Theory
2. Christus Victory
3. Ransom Theory
4. Satisfaction Theory
5. Moral Exemplar Theory
6. Governmental Theory
58. Substitution Theory
• We sinned
• We are guilty
• We deserve punishment
• Jesus was punished in our place
• We are acquitted
59. Substitutionary Theory
The view that Christ was a legal substitute for us on
the cross and that he bore the penalty for our sins
that is due us.
Slick, M. (2017). What is the penal substitutionary atonement theory?https://carm.org/doctrine-and-theology/what-is-the-penal-
substitutionary-atonement-theory/
60. Legal substitutionary Atonement: The atonement
theory that Jesus died on the cross in place of sinners
in order to pay the penalty for their sin and to free
them from God's judgment and reconcile them to
God.
Greever, Josh. (2020). The wisdom and mercy of God. In The Beginning of Wisdom. Grand Canyon University.
61. You were dead in your trespasses…[But] God made
you alive together with him, having forgiven us all our
trespasses, by canceling the record of debt that stood
against us with its legal demands.
(Col 2:13–14 ESV)
63. Christus Victor
• Sin brought death into the world
• Jesus defeated death
• Jesus crushed Satan
• Jesus defeated the power of sin
• We are now liberated
64. “Death is swallowed up in victory.” “O death, where is
your victory? O death, where is your sting?” The sting
of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. But
thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through
our Lord Jesus Christ.
(1 Cor 15:54-57)
66. Ransom Theory
• Adam & Eve sold humanity to Satan
• Satan holds humans slaves to sin
• God had to pay Satan a ransom
67. Ransom Theory
• Jesus tricked Satan by letting him kill him
• Jesus became the ransom
• Freed men & women from sin
• Now Satan has no power over humans
68. Because of their sin people rightly belong to Satan,
the fathers reasoned. But God o
ff
ered his son as a
ransom, a bargain the evil one eagerly accepted.
When, however, Satan got Christ down into hell he
found that he could not hold him. On the third day
Christ rose triumphant and left Satan without either his
original prisoners or the ransom he had accepted in
their stead.
Morris, L. (1984). Theories of the atonement. In Walter Ellwell (Ed.). Evangelical dictionary of theology. Baker: 102
69. You were RANSOMED from the futile ways inherited
from your forefathers, not with perishable things such
as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ,
like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.
(1 Pet 1:18–19 ESV)
71. Satisfaction Theory
• God is like a Medieval Lord
• God is Holy and cannot allow sin in his presence
• We are sinful
• Our sin o
ff
ends him and alienates us from him
• Because God’s perfect, only a perfect sacri
fi
ce can pay
• Jesus is God, therefore His sacri
fi
ce satis
fi
ed God’s
wrath
72. It was the will of the LORD to crush him; he has put
him to grief; when his soul makes an o
ff
ering for guilt,
he shall see his o
ff
spring; he shall prolong his days;
the will of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. Out of
the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satis
fi
ed;
(Isa 53:10–11 ESV)
75. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to
sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in
every respect has been tempted as we are, yet
without sin
(Hebrews 4:15 ESV)
77. God as king passed a law that said, "The soul that
sinneth, it shall die." But God did not want all sinners to
die. So, he relaxed the rule and accepted the death of
Christ representing all humanity. Christ did not actually
take our punishment but su
ff
ered as an example so that
(1) God’s law was upheld, and (2) sinners were forgiven.
Morris, L. (1984). Theories of the atonement. In Walter Ellwell (Ed.). Evangelical dictionary of theology. Baker: 102
78. Why did Jesus have to die?
1. Substitution Theory - Jesus took our punishment in our place
2. Christus Victory - Jesus defeated Satan and Death
3. Ransom Theory - Jesus ransomed us from Satan
4. Satisfaction Theory - Jesus satis
fi
ed God’s o
ff
ense at sin
5. Moral Exemplar Theory - Jesus ful
fi
lled the law setting moral example
6. Governmental Theory — Jesus represented all humanity
