Potential fiber crops in Pakistan,Fiber crops, 3 main groups Textile fibers Cordage fibers and Filling fibers potential fiber crops,Cotton Jute Flex Sisal Ramie Abaca Properties of Cotton Fiber,Specific Gravity: Effect of Moisture Effect of Heat,Introduction,Jute is a natural fiber popularly known as the "Golden Fiber”. Jute fiber comes from the stem of a herbaceous annual plant Jute is the second in the world’s production of textile fibers after cotton India,China,Bangladesh are leading producers of Jute Bangladesh is the largest cultivator of raw jute Production and Processing of fiber,Cultivation Harvesting Retting Stripping Washing Drying Bailing & Packing Transport Outline Introduction Cultivated area Uses End uses ,It is cultivated mainly in districts of,Faisalabad, TT Singh, Gujarat, MB Din, Sargodha, Narowal, Sahiwal, Layyah, Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar. Sindh, it is grown in Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Larkana and Dadu districts. Its national average yield during 2008-09 was 673 kg/ha. Uses Edible oil (lindseed/flex oil) A nutritional supplement An ingredient in many wood finishing products. Ornamental plant Linen making Fiber taken from stem, 2-3 times stronger than cotton.

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2. Topic :Potential fiber crops in Pakistan
Name :Muhammad Zulqarnain
Arid No# 17-Arid-4757
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3. Fiber crops:
Are field crops grown for their fibers, which are
traditionally used to make paper, cloth, or
rope.
 3 main groups
Textile fibers
Cordage fibers and
Filling fibers
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4. potential fiber crops
Cotton
Jute
Flex
Sisal
Ramie
Abaca
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5. Cotton
Outline:
 Introduction
 Species and Varieties of Cotton
 Properties
 End Uses
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6. Introduction
Cotton referred to as the“King of fibers”is most
important textile fiber in the world.
Cotton plant belongs to the spp.
“GOSSYPIUM”.
Cotton covers 2.5% the world's cultivated land
yet
 Uses 16% of the world's insecticides, more
than any other single major crop.
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7. Conti……
Production is 9.9 million bales upto 15
million bales
In Punjab cultivated area 79%
In Sindh cultivated area 20%
 Remaining 1% cultivated area in Kpk
and Balochistan.
Chromosome no. 2n=26, 4n=52
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8. Species of Cotton
There are four commercially-grown species of
cotton:
Gossypium hirsutum L:
Upland cotton, native to Central
America, Mexico
Gossypium barbadense L:
Known as extra-long staple cotton,
native to tropical South America
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9. Conti……
Gossypium arborium:
Native to India and Pakistan
Gossypium herbaceum:
Cotton, native to Southern
Africa
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10. Varieties/Types of Pak Cotton
MNH-93(Cotton of Punjab region)
NAYYAB-78(Cotton of Sindh region)
Organic Cotton
BCI Cotton
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11. Properties of Cotton Fiber
 Specific Gravity:
1.54 m/v
 Effect of Moisture:
Standard Humidity = 8.5 %
Effect of Heat:
Excellent Resistance
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12. Conti……
 Effect of Alkalis:
Excellent Resistance
 Effect of Organic Solvents:
Dispersed by Copper Complexes and
Concentrated 70% Sulphuric acid
 Chemical Properties:
Cellulose = 94%
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13. Conti……
Remaining Composition:
Protein = 1-1.5%
Pectin = 1%
Mineral substances = 1%
Wax = 0.5%
Small amount of organic acids, sugars,
pigments = 2%
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14. Reduction in Yield:
Excessive rain at the time of sowing.
High temperature at flowering stage.
Leaf curl virus incidence, soil system,
weather adversaries.
Late wheat harvesting resulting in decline of
area under the crop.
Pest attack and improper production
technology in major cotton growing areas of
Punjab and Sindh.
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15. End Uses of Cotton:
 Fabric
 Garments
 Household Items:
Bed Sheets, Towels
 Carpets and Curtains
 Hats
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16. Jute
Outline
 Introduction
 Production and Processing of fiber
 Properties
 End Uses
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17. Introduction
Jute is a natural fiber popularly known as the
"Golden Fiber”.
Jute fiber comes from the stem of a herbaceous
annual plant
Jute is the second in the world’s production of
textile fibers after cotton
India,China,Bangladesh are leading producers of
Jute
 Bangladesh is the largest cultivator of raw jute
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18.  Conti……
The area of jute crop in Pakistan from 1323
hectares in 1980-81 to 22 hectares in 1999-2000.
Yield per hectare in Pakistan fluctuates from 1097
to 1091 kgs.
Chromosome number 2n = 14
Botanical name =Corchorus olitorius
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19. Two major varieties,
Hard District Jute
Soft District Jute
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20. Production and Processing of fiber
Cultivation
Harvesting
Retting
Stripping
Washing
Drying
Bailing & Packing
Transport
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22. Properties of jute Fiber
Specific Gravity:
1.5 m/v
Length:
1~4meters(3~12feet)
Effect of Moisture:
Moisture Regain=13.75%
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23. Conti……
Effect of Age:
High content of non-cellulosic matter
makes jute sensitive against chemical and
photo-chemical attack.
Effect of Microorganisms:
Jute is more resistant to micro-organism
due to protective effect of lignin.
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24. End Uses
Generally used in:
Sacks & Packing Cloth
Food Storage
Backing cloth for carpets
Curtains & Furnishing fabric
Geotextiles, technical textiles and textile
Mixed with wool, used in cheap clothing
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25. Flax
Outline
Introduction
Cultivated area
Uses
End uses
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26. Introduction
Botanical name = Linum usitatissium
Common name = flax/ linseed
Order = Malpighiales
Family = Linaceae
Genus = Linum
Specie = L. usitatissimum
Chromosome no. 2n = 30.
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It is a food and fiber crop
cultivated in cooler regions of
the world
Flax

28. Conti ……,
It was probably first domesticated in the
Fertile Crescent region
Flax extensively cultivated in ancient
China & Egypt
Six varieties of linseed (Chandni, LS-29,
LS-49, LS-70, LS-75 and LS-76).
Area under cultivation 1340 and 4092 ha
(2008-09) Sindh and punjab respectively.
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29. It is cultivated mainly in districts of
oFaisalabad, TT Singh, Gujarat, MB Din,
Sargodha, Narowal, Sahiwal, Layyah,
Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar.
oSindh, it is grown in Jacobabad,
Shikarpur, Larkana and Dadu districts.
oIts national average yield during 2008-09
was 673 kg/ha.
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Process
 Cultivation
 Harvesting
 Rippling
Rippling

31. Uses
Edible oil (lindseed/flex oil)
A nutritional supplement
An ingredient in many wood finishing
products.
Ornamental plant
Linen making
Fiber taken from stem, 2-3 times
stronger than cotton.
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32. Types of Flax fiber
 Soft
 Lustrous
 Flexible
 Consists of three steps:
 Breaking
 Scutching
 Heckling
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cotton
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jute
https://credoreference.com/Flax
https://www.slideshare.net/jute-fiber
Refrences

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