Hybrid rice is produced by crossing two genetically distinct rice varieties. It exhibits heterosis or hybrid vigor, resulting in 15-20% higher yields compared to traditional rice varieties. There are several male sterility systems that can be used for hybrid rice production, including cytoplasmic genetic male sterility. Hybrid rice requires three distinct parent lines - a male sterile line, a maintainer line, and a restorer line. The main advantage is significantly higher yields, though yields may drop in subsequent generations when new hybrid seed is not used. Hybrid rice production can help meet the increasing global demand for rice while reducing land and input usage.

2. Hybrid Rice Development
and Prospects
Presented by : Muhammad Zulqarnain (17-Arid-4757)
Presented to: Dr.Munir Ahmad

3. What is Hybrid rice:
 The first generation progeny (F-1)
obtained by crossing two genetically
different varieties(Parents) of rice is
called “hybrid”
 The first generation offspring of a
rice cross between two genetically
diverse parents (fig:1)
Fig.1
2

4. Why hybrid rice ?
Heterosis (hybrid vigor) application to increase :
 Productivity (yield/unit/time),15-20% of yield advantage),and
economic returns.
Heterosis:
 A universal phenomenon that F1 generation shows superiority to
both parents in agronomic traits or yield
 It presents in all biological system and has been exploited
commercially in many agricultural crops.
4

5. How hybrid rice ?
Normal rice spikelet
(self pollinated)
Sterile rice spikelet
(male sterility
Hybrid seed production
(male sterile x normal)
3

6. Male sterility system in rice
 Male sterility ; a condition in which the pollen grain is unviable
or cannot germinate and fertilize normally to set seeds.
 Male sterility system (genetic and non-genetic).
Cytoplasmic genetic male
sterility (CMS)
Male sterility is controlled by
the interaction of a genetic
factor (s) present in the
cytoplasm and nuclear gene
Environment-sensitive
genic male sterility
(EGMS)
Male sterility system is
controlled by nuclear gene
expression which is
influenced by
environmental factors
Chemically induced male
sterility
Male sterility is induced by
some chemicals
(gametocides)

7. Requirements for 3 Lines in CMS
System
A-Line:
• Stable sterility
• Well developed floral
traits for outcrossing
• Easily ,wide-spectrum &
strongly to be restored
B-line:
• Well developed floral
traits with large pollen
load
• Good combining ability
R-line:
• Strong restore ability
• Good combining
ability
• Taller than A-line
• Large pollen load

9. Advantage and disadvantage
Advantage
 High yield
 Resistant
 Uniformity
 Premium quality
Disadvantage
 Yield reduce during F2
generation
 New seed is required every
year
STABL
E
YIELD
20% REDUCTION IN
YIELD

10. Common practices
 Transplanting young seedling (less than 14 days old)
 Careful transplanting of single seedling per hill
 Transplanting in a square pattern, preferably with 25x25
grid spacing
 Emphasis on organic fertilizers
 Alternate wetting and drying up to the panicle initiation
stage through irrigation by way of a thin film of standing
water.

11. Mat Nursery

14. Importance and need of Hybrid rice
 More and more rice to be produced on less land and with less
inputs.
 Rice hybrid have shown 15-20% higher yield potential than inbred
rice varieties under farmer field condition.
 Hybrid have shown their ability to perform better under adverse
condition of drought and salinity
 Rice is the staple food of more than 30% of the world is produced
 About 90% of all the rice grain in the world is produced and
consumed in Asia.

15. Hybrid rice Varieties
 Bangladesh Rice Institute developed 4 hybrid rice varieties
namely BRRI hybriddhan,1,2,3 for Boro and BRRI
hybriddhan4 for T.aman
 Hybrid rice variety seeds are available both imported and local
production
 To collect seed a farmer have to consider reliability of the
company and the desired grain quality which are seen from
outside of the packet

16. Benefits of Hybrid rice
 Improvement in yield
 More tiller will produced
 Seed requirement reduced
 Decrease in environmental pollution
through lowered use of chemical
fertilizers and chemicals
 Substantial water saving

17. Constraints
 Weeds is major problem.
 Lack of proper training of the workforce in the correct
procedure for transplanting
 Non-availability of sufficient organic manure is
another area of concern

18. Conclusion…
 More rice produced with less land /increase per acre
yield
 More adaptibility against climate change
 Seed rate per acre is less
 Fertilizer and water saving
 Fine rice and according to export quality