a Fiber Crop

2. Presentation on
Jute
By Adil Zia
Class no 618
Subject
Crop production
Department
Agronomy
The university of agriculture Peshawar, Amir
Muhammad khan campus mardan

3. content
 Scientific classification
 Introduction
 History
 Botanical description
 Agronomic practices
 Uses
 conclusion

4. Scientific classification
 Local Name: Tossa pat, Sadha Pat.
 English Name: Jute
 Scientific Name: Tossa Jute --- Corchorus olitorius
 White Jute --- Corchorus capsularis (L)
 Family --- Tiliaceae

5. Introduction
• Jute is a type of vegetable fiber used to make items such as
rope, twine, carpet, rugs and much more.
• Jute is one of the cheapest and the strongest of all natural
fibers and considered as fibre of the future.
• Raw jute is the natural fibre which is extremely eco-
friendly.
• So it is called Golden Fibre.
• Bangladesh is the biggest producer of natural jute or raw
jute fibre both in quantity and quality.

6. History
 White Jute (Corchorus Capsularis):
 Several historical documents during the era of Mughal
Emperor Akbar (1542–1605) state that the poor villagers of
India used to wear clothes made of jute. Simple handlooms
and hand spinning wheels were used by the weavers, who
used to spin cotton yarns as well. History also states that
Indians, especially Bengalis, used ropes and twines made of
white jute from ancient times for household and other uses.

7. Golden fiber

8. Botanical description
 Botanical description of jute
 The botanical description of Jute plant is as follows:
 Plant: Annual herb, tall, slender half shrubby, nearly 2.0- 3.0
meters of height.
 Stem: Long, slender and colour varies from full green to
dark red branched.
 Root: Well branched tap root.
 Leaf: Simple and petiolate.
 Flower: Small and yellow in colour.
 Fruit: Capsule. Pod round (C.capsularis) and elongated
(C.olitorius)

9. Agronomic practices
 Soil and land type
 Planting time
 Seed rate
 Fertilizer application
 Irrigation
 Insect pest and control
 Diseases
 Harvesting time
 yield

10. Soil and land type
 Jute needs a plain alluvial soil and standing water.
 Alluvial sandy loam, clay loamy soils are best suited for
jute production.
 Capsularis jute can grow even in standing water
especially towards the latter part of its growth.
 Olitorius jute will not thrive in standing water. The latter
is more drought resistant and is therefore grown on
lighter soils.
 Soil pH 6.5-7.5

11. Jute is a rainy season crop, sown from March to May
according to rainfall and type of land.
Planting time

12. Seed rate
 Seeds can be sown either by broadcasting or by line sowing.
Broadcast method
C. capsularis (white): 7 – 8 kg/ha.
C. olitorius (tossa): 5 – 6 kg/ha.
Line sowing method
C. capsularis (white): 5 – 6 kg/ha.
C. olitorius (tossa): 3 – 4 kg/ha.

13. Fertilizer application
Fertilizer Application
Fertilizer (Kg/ha) C. capsularis C. olitorius
Urea 80-100 20-60
TSP 40-50 15-30
MoP 60-80 22-50

14. Irrigation
Jute is a rainy season crop. There is no need for irrigation. If
moisture is not sufficient enough in the field after sowing of
seeds or before sowing of seeds.
irrigation is given for proper germination. Later on this crop
is irrigated when the plants are 10 to 12 cm tall and 3-4 leaves
are formed.

15. Insect pest
 Jute hairy caterpillar,
 Jute semi looper,
 Jute stem weevil,
 Field cricket,
 Yellow mite

16. Control
Beside recommendation of several pesticides, physical
and biological control measures have also been
recommended for jute. Raw garlic paste 12.50% i.e. 125
gram garlic paste mixed with 1 Kg jute seed can be used
for seed purification and to prevent seedling mortality.
Neem leaf extracts and water (1:20) can be used to
control white mite.

17. Diseases
• Several diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and
deficiency or nutritional disorders these are-
• Leaf spot
• Leaf rot
• Root-rot
• Anthracnose
• Leaf blight
• White spongy rot

18. Harvesting time
 Jute is harvested any time between 120 days to 150 days
 when the flowers have been shed, early harvesting gives
good healthy fibers.
 The plant from 8 to 12 feet high are cut with stickles at or
close the ground level.
 In flooded land, plants are up rooted.
 The harvested plants are left in field for 3 days for the
leaves to shed.

19. yield
Green plant weight yield is 45 to 50 tonnes
per hectare.
Fibre yield is 2.0 to 2.5 tonnes per hectare.

20. Uses
 The fibre is use of household, domestic and decorative
purposes like ropes, sacks, bags, blanket, towine yarn,
rugs, hessian cloth, wall mats etc. Now it is used to
produce CBC yarn and Jutex yarn by blending with
cotton fiber. Now a days green jute is used to produce
paper
 Young shoots, leaves can be eat by cooked.