science

1. CLASS: Form 3 Science
TOPIC OF LESSON: Fossil Fuels?
MODULE: 5 - Exploring Energy

2. OBJECTIVES
SYLLABUS OBJECTIVE(S) [OBJETIVO DE SYLLABUS]
Candidate should be able to:
● define the term fossil fuel;

3. OBJECTIVES
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S) [OBJETIVOS DE LA LECCIÓN]
By the end of this lesson, the student should be able to:
● Define the terms ‘fuel’ and ‘fossil fuel’;
● Describe how fossil fuels are formed;
● Describe how they are extracted;
● Describe how fossil fuels are used as sources of energy.
Al final de esta lección, el estudiante debe ser capaz de:
● Defina los términos "combustible" y "combustible fósil";
● Describe cómo se forman los combustibles fósiles;
● Describe cómo se extraen;
● Describir cómo se utilizan los combustibles fósiles como fuentes de energía.

4. GLOSSARY [will fit better on platform]
ENGLISH SPANISH
burned up quemado
coal carbón
covered cubierto
crude oil petróleo crudo
decaying matter materia en descomposición
developed desarrollado
died murió
distributed repartido
explosions are set off explosiones son compensados
far underground bajo tierra
faster Más rápido
fell cayó
find encontrar
fossil fuels combustibles fósiles

5. KeyWords
Look out for the Key Words. They are new words that will be in the
Glossary above.
They will be highlighted like this:
Key Word

6. INTRODUCTION
Click on the triangle
and watch the video.
What kinds of energy
do you observe?
Which one do you think
burned up faster?

7. We just saw the burning of
FUELS.
In this lesson, we will be
learning about fossil fuels

8. WHAT IS A FUEL?
Fuels are our main source of
energy?
These substances store large
quantities of chemical
energy. This energy is
released mainly as heat and
light when the substance is
burnt.
Wood is an example of a fuel.
Fossil fuels are another
example.

9. WHAT IS A FOSSIL FUEL?
Examples of fossil fuels are crude oil (petroleum)
natural gas and coal.
These are often located far underground, having
developed there over millions of years.
They were formed from plants and animals that
lived millions of years ago. When they died they
fell into swamps & rivers, and started to decay.
Over time, silt and sediments covered the
decaying matter. This kept out oxygen & applied
pressure. Slowly, pockets of coal, crude oil and
natural gas developed.

10. HOW DO WE FIND & EXTRACT FOSSIL FUELS?
There are several steps:
1. Geologists search underground for oil reserves, using
explosives. Explosions are set off underground and the
reflected sound waves are measured with a
seismometer.
2. The seismic data is analyzed to produce an estimate of
whether oil is present or not.
3. It the data gives a high likelihood that oil is present, the
geologists & engineers do a test drill.
4. If oil is located, it is pumped to the surface with an oil
rig.
Click the triangle and watch the video for further details.

11. HOW ARE FOSSIL FUELS USED?
There are two main uses of fossil fuels
such as petroleum, natural gas and
coal.
1. The production of electricity.
This electricity is then
distributed to industries and
homes for myriad uses.
(See video for details… )
1. Gasoline and other oil fractions
from petroleum are used in
motor vehicles to produce
movement.

12. FIELD TRIP! [¡VIAJE DE ESTUDIOS!]
Let’s take a trip to an actual Power Plant! ¡Hagamos un viaje a una planta de energía real!

13. SUMMARY
● Fuels are substances that store large quantities of chemical energy. This energy is released
as mainly heat and light when the fuel is burned.
● Fossil fuels developed over millions of years from dead plants and animals decaying in the
absence of oxygen, under the cover of silt and sediments.
● The main fossil fuels are coal, natural gas and crude oil.
● Seismic data is used by geologists to find oil reserves.
● Fossil fuels are primarily used to produce electricity in power plants and movement in
motor vehicles.

14. FURTHER STUDY
“Finding The Prize: A story of oil exploration and discovery”
https://youtu.be/nRxhNtpp3Xk
“Oil and Gas Formation”
https://youtu.be/8YHsxXEVB1M

15. Now Let’s See if You Understand...
Click on the link below. It is a quiz. Print out the quiz and complete it.
Take to class with you to share with your classmates and the teacher.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XC79PlbOX49E3sv3mZg1p0nKQlfFFxlQ/view?usp=sharing

16. REFERENCES
Aapo Haapenen, 25th April 2006, Logs at Salo railway station, viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logs.jpg>
Barry Simpson, 8th Oct 2013, Comparing fuels, viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl2lRVjlRK0>
EarthScience WesternAustralia, 5th Sept 2014, Oil and Gas Formation, viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://youtu.be/8YHsxXEVB1M>
GE Power, 16th Dec 2015, Electricity 101 | Gas Power Generation | GE Power, viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://youtu.be/yCZL8r2uGJQ>
IADE - Michoko from Pixabay, 17th August 2016, (Fuel Pump Energy), viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://pixabay.com/photos/fuel-pump-energy-gas-pump-1596622/>

17. REFERENCES
MagentaGreen, 27th June 2014, File: Oil traps.svg, viewed on 25th July 2019,
<https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oil_traps.svg>
Origin Energy, 10th August 2015, How gas is used for electricity generation - Day 4, viewed on 25th July
2019, <https://youtu.be/vr95QRsOGlU>
Polar Petroleum, 29th April 2013, Using 3D Seismic Exploration to find and Drill for Oil and Natural Gas
Sources, viewed on 25th July 2019, <https://youtu.be/8h35KsRD0c0>
Tania Chung, 2017, Integrated Science for CSEC Examinations, Macmillan Education, London, viewed on
25th July 2019
Tullow Oil plc, 2nd May 2013, Finding The Prize: A story of oil exploration and discovery, viewed on 25th July
2019, <https://youtu.be/nRxhNtpp3Xk>