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Cellular respiration introduction for 9th grade biology
Cellular respiration is the process cells use to release energy stored in glucose and store it in ATP. It occurs in three main stages: 1. Glycolysis breaks glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP. 2. The citric acid cycle in the mitochondria further breaks down pyruvate, producing more ATP, CO2, and electron carriers. 3. The electron transport chain uses oxygen to generate most of the cell's ATP through oxidative phosphorylation as electrons are passed through protein complexes, producing up to 36 ATP per glucose molecule.
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Cellular respiration introduction for 9th grade biology
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- 2. As always… Key conceptsare underlined Vocabulary terms are in green
- 3. On your whiteboards Whatare some things you feel when you have not eaten in a long time?
- 4. Energy for CellsEnergyfor Cells We get energyWe get energy from our foodfrom our food One gram ofOne gram of glucose releasesglucose releases 3811 calories of3811 calories of energyenergy
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- 6. To make ATPwe need 2* things 1. Glucose – from food 2. Oxygen* 1. Organisms can make a little ATP without O2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8oLu7znwQ0
- 7. ● Cellular Respiration= process that cells use to release the energy from glucose and store it in molecules of ATP
- 8. On your whiteboards Whatis the chemical symbol for: Oxygen Water Carbon dioxide Glucose
- 9. Respiration Equation: What arethe reactants in this equation? What are the products in this equation? We need lots of ATP to run this fast!
- 10. Taller partner: Howare the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to each other? Shorter partner: How are they similar? How are they different?
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- 15. Breaking chemical bondsin sugarBreaking chemical bonds in sugar releases energyreleases energy That energy isThat energy is stored instored in molecules ofmolecules of ATPATP
- 16. On your whiteboards Whatis RELEASED when chemical bonds are broken? So…what is STORED in chemical bonds?
- 17. There are 3stages to aerobic cellular respiration
- 18. How Cells MakeATP Glucose Glycolysis O2 Present O2 Absent Broken glucose goes to mitochondria Mitochondria makes lots of ATP Fermentation Alcohol Lactic Acid
- 19. How do cellsget the energy out of glucose? – Stage 1 GlycolysisGlycolysis Cells take in glucose and break it in half - this is glycolysis 2 ATP are made energy!
- 20. If no OIfno O22 anaerobic respirationanaerobic respiration 2 ATP only also called fermentation
- 21. 2 Types ofFermentation AlcoholAlcohol FermentationFermentation Yeast and bacteria
- 22. Lactic Acid FermentationLacticAcid Fermentation muscle cells, yeast, bacteria
- 23. 11-2-16 Warm up Do all living things require oxygen to make ATP? Explain.
- 24. If O2 isavailable aerobic respiration!aerobic respiration! Sugar molecules sent to mitochondria 36 ATP made 36 ATP!
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- 26. Stage 2 Citric AcidCitric Acid CycleCycle (aka Kreb's cycle) happens in the matrix Reactant: ½ sugar Products: 2 ATP, CO2, electron carrier NADH
- 27. Mitochondria ElectronElectron TransportTransport ChainChain happenson the cristae Reactants: O2, NADH Products: H2O, 34-36 ATP
- 28. The electron transportchain O2 e- H+ H+
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- 30. Comparing Photosynthesis andComparingPhotosynthesis and Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration Photosynthesis vs. Cellular RespirationPhotosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration FunctionFunction Energy storage byEnergy storage by making glucosemaking glucose Energy release byEnergy release by breaking downbreaking down glucoseglucose LocationLocation ChloroplastsChloroplasts MitochondriaMitochondria ReactantsReactants COCO22 and Hand H22OO CC66HH1212OO66 and Oand O22 ProductsProducts CC66HH1212OO66 and Oand O22 COCO22 and Hand H22OO EquationEquation COCO22 + H+ H220 C0 C66HH1212OO66 + O+ O22 OO22 + C+ C66HH1212OO66 COCO22 + H+ H22OO
- 31. So can you… 1.Write the equation for respiration in symbols and words? 2. Name the 3 stages of aerobic cellular respiration and the reactants and products for each stage?