Presentation on classification of computers on the basis of purpose
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General-purpose computers can handle a variety of problems and tasks by running different programs, while special-purpose computers are designed to perform a single, specific task through permanently stored instructions and are more efficient at that single task but cannot take on other roles. General-purpose computers have the flexibility to run many programs for different needs, while special-purpose computers are dedicated to one pre-programmed task that they can perform very quickly.
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types of computer
This document classifies and describes different types of computers. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers. It then focuses on classifications of microcomputers like home computers, personal computers, mini computers, laptop computers, mainframe computers, super computers, wearable computers, and palm computers. For each type of computer, it provides a brief description of its key features and examples. The overall document aims to provide an overview of how computers can be classified according to their size and logical functions.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER
There are three main ways to classify computers: by purpose, data processed, and size/speed. By purpose, there are general purpose computers designed for a variety of tasks and special purpose computers designed for a single task. By data processed, there are analog computers that measure data, digital computers that use binary, and hybrid computers that can do both. By size/speed, there are supercomputers that are the largest and fastest, mainframes for large organizations, mini computers for medium-sized uses, and microcomputers for personal use.
Classification of Computer
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by purpose, type of data handled, and size. The main classifications by size are:
- Micro-computers, which include personal computers and workstations used by individuals.
- Mini-computers, which are more powerful than micro-computers and used for general purposes.
- Mainframe computers, which offer high processing and storage for multiple users simultaneously in large organizations.
- Supercomputers, which are designed for scientific jobs and contain many parallel CPUs, making them very fast but also very expensive.
Presentation on computer generation
This presentation provides an overview of computer generations from the first to fifth generation. It discusses the key developments and technologies that define each generation, including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence. The main advantages and disadvantages of each generation are also summarized. Finally, the presentation describes different types of computers like microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
Classification of computers
This document classifies computers based on their size, technology, and purpose. The main types of computers discussed are microcomputers, workstations, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. Microcomputers are the most common and include desktops, laptops, and tablets. Workstations are powerful single-user computers used for tasks requiring significant processing power. Minicomputers are more powerful than microcomputers and can support multiple users. Mainframe computers are very large and powerful machines that can support hundreds or thousands of users. Supercomputers are the most powerful and expensive computers used for advanced tasks like weather forecasting.
Types of computers
This document discusses different types of computers. It outlines computers for individual use, including desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, handheld computers, work stations, and smartphones. Desktop computers are the most common and are too big to carry around. Laptops and notebooks are portable but larger than tablets. Tablets have touchscreens and are smaller than notebooks. The document also discusses computers for organizations, including mini computers, super computers, mainframe computers, and network servers which provide shared resources.
Introduction to Computers
This is a short presentation about the basic of computer so that students will understand the hardware and software and how computer is used in our daily life.
Basic of Computer Introduction - World of Computers
Basic of Computer Introduction - World of Computers Amity University | FMS - DU | IMT | Stratford University | KKMI International Institute | AIMA | DTU
This Slides covers:
Introduction to world of Computers, Basic Structure of Computer System, Computers in Home (Reference, Education & Communications, Entertainment an Digital Media Delivery, Smart Appliances, Home Computers), Computers in Education, Computers in workplace (productivity and decision making, customer services, communications), Computers on the move (Portable and Hand held computers, Self-Service kiosks, GPS Applications), Generation of Computer, Types of Computer (Size and Technology wise), Support Systems - Hardware and Software, Computer Peripherals, Memory Management.
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types of computer
This document classifies and describes different types of computers. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers. It then focuses on classifications of microcomputers like home computers, personal computers, mini computers, laptop computers, mainframe computers, super computers, wearable computers, and palm computers. For each type of computer, it provides a brief description of its key features and examples. The overall document aims to provide an overview of how computers can be classified according to their size and logical functions.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER
There are three main ways to classify computers: by purpose, data processed, and size/speed. By purpose, there are general purpose computers designed for a variety of tasks and special purpose computers designed for a single task. By data processed, there are analog computers that measure data, digital computers that use binary, and hybrid computers that can do both. By size/speed, there are supercomputers that are the largest and fastest, mainframes for large organizations, mini computers for medium-sized uses, and microcomputers for personal use.
Classification of Computer
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by purpose, type of data handled, and size. The main classifications by size are:
- Micro-computers, which include personal computers and workstations used by individuals.
- Mini-computers, which are more powerful than micro-computers and used for general purposes.
- Mainframe computers, which offer high processing and storage for multiple users simultaneously in large organizations.
- Supercomputers, which are designed for scientific jobs and contain many parallel CPUs, making them very fast but also very expensive.
Presentation on computer generation
This presentation provides an overview of computer generations from the first to fifth generation. It discusses the key developments and technologies that define each generation, including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence. The main advantages and disadvantages of each generation are also summarized. Finally, the presentation describes different types of computers like microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
Classification of computers
This document classifies computers based on their size, technology, and purpose. The main types of computers discussed are microcomputers, workstations, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. Microcomputers are the most common and include desktops, laptops, and tablets. Workstations are powerful single-user computers used for tasks requiring significant processing power. Minicomputers are more powerful than microcomputers and can support multiple users. Mainframe computers are very large and powerful machines that can support hundreds or thousands of users. Supercomputers are the most powerful and expensive computers used for advanced tasks like weather forecasting.
Types of computers
This document discusses different types of computers. It outlines computers for individual use, including desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, handheld computers, work stations, and smartphones. Desktop computers are the most common and are too big to carry around. Laptops and notebooks are portable but larger than tablets. Tablets have touchscreens and are smaller than notebooks. The document also discusses computers for organizations, including mini computers, super computers, mainframe computers, and network servers which provide shared resources.
Introduction to Computers
This is a short presentation about the basic of computer so that students will understand the hardware and software and how computer is used in our daily life.
Basic of Computer Introduction - World of Computers
Basic of Computer Introduction - World of Computers Amity University | FMS - DU | IMT | Stratford University | KKMI International Institute | AIMA | DTU
This Slides covers:
Introduction to world of Computers, Basic Structure of Computer System, Computers in Home (Reference, Education & Communications, Entertainment an Digital Media Delivery, Smart Appliances, Home Computers), Computers in Education, Computers in workplace (productivity and decision making, customer services, communications), Computers on the move (Portable and Hand held computers, Self-Service kiosks, GPS Applications), Generation of Computer, Types of Computer (Size and Technology wise), Support Systems - Hardware and Software, Computer Peripherals, Memory Management.
Analogue computers
This document discusses the history and workings of analogue computers. It notes that early analogue computers were invented by William Thomson in 1873 and A.A Michelson in 1898. They were used for applications like gun fire control during World War II and the Korean War. Analogue computers represent quantities continuously like an analogue clock and use physical phenomena like voltages and currents to model and solve problems. They were commonly used before digital computers advanced and are still used today in applications like process control. However, digital computers can now solve equations faster and have advantages over analogue computers.
Types of computer
There are four main types of computers: supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Microcomputers are the most common and include desktop PCs, which are not portable, and portable computers like laptops, PDAs, handheld computers, and tablet PCs, which are designed for mobility and compactness. Within microcomputers, desktop PCs come in tower and desktop casings, while portable computers have their own power sources in batteries.
Classification of Computers
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by purpose, type, and size. By purpose, they are either special purpose or general purpose. Special purpose computers are designed to solve specific problems, while general purpose computers can be used for many applications. By type, computers are digital, analog, or hybrid. Digital computers represent data with binary digits while analog computers use continuous signals. Hybrid computers combine aspects of analog and digital. By size, computers range from microcomputers to minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers, with each type having greater processing power and storage capacity than the last.
Categories of computer
This document categorizes computers based on their operation and size. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers which combine aspects of both. Digital computers are further broken down by size into supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. It also covers different types of computers for individual users like desktops, laptops, tablets, palmtops, and smartphones.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
The document discusses different types of computers:
- Analog computers represent data with continuous physical quantities like voltage. Accuracy depends on precision of measurements.
- Digital computers use discrete values like binary digits to represent data symbols. They are used for business/science data processing and storing large quantities of data magnetically.
- Hybrid computers combine analog and digital, using analog input converted to digital for processing and accuracy.
- Other computer types discussed are mainframes for CPU/I/O intensive jobs, mini computers for real-time multi-user apps, microcomputers for simple tasks, and supercomputers for large data and intensive computing.
Classification of computers
The document classifies computers based on their mode of use and architecture. It discusses palms, laptops, desktop PCs, workstations, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Key points include: palms are small, portable computers operated via touchscreen; laptops are portable but larger than palms; desktop PCs are the most popular type of computer; workstations are more powerful desktops used for intensive tasks; servers are optimized for specific functions like storage or printing; mainframes are large, powerful computers used by large organizations; and supercomputers are the fastest computers capable of intensive calculations.
Types of computer
All types of computer including general and special purpose, Analog,digital, hybrid, microcomputer, minicomputer, mainframe computer and super computer.
Types of computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are: It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.
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-----> https://instagram.com/mentality_streak?utm_medium=copy_link
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Personal computer
A personal computer is a computer that can perform all inputs, outputs, processing, and storage independently. The document discusses the history and types of personal computers, including desktop PCs, laptops, notebooks, netbooks, tablet PCs, workstations, mainframes, servers, and mobile phones. It provides examples of early personal computers like the Apple II and describes characteristics of different types like their size, weight, and typical uses.
Types of computers
The document summarizes different types of computers based on the data they handle and their size. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers in terms of the type of data they measure - continuous or discrete. It then describes various sizes of digital computers from supercomputers, mainframes, mini computers to microcomputers like desktops, laptops, palmtops, wearables and pocket computers giving examples of each.
Introduction to computers new 2010
Computers enable the efficient processing and storage of information. They are composed of hardware and software and exist in a variety of sizes, from embedded computers inside devices to supercomputers used for highly complex tasks. A basic computer system includes input devices like a keyboard, a central processing unit that performs calculations, and output devices like a monitor that present results.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to fifth generation. [1] The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large in size. [2] The second generation used transistors and were smaller with magnetic storage. [3] The third generation used integrated circuits and were smaller still with multiple users accessing remote terminals.
Classification of Computers
This document classifies computers into different types based on their functionality and size. It discusses digital computers, analog computers, and hybrid computers. It also describes special purpose computers designed for specific tasks and general purpose computers that can be used for many applications. Finally, it categorizes computers by size into embedded systems, programmable computers, laptops, personal computers, workstations, mainframes, and supercomputers.
W 2 types of computer
The document discusses different types of computer classification based on purpose, function, and size. General purpose computers can perform many different tasks while special purpose computers are designed to perform a single specific task. Based on function, computers are digital, analog, or hybrid. Classification by size includes microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers, with the latter being the most powerful and used for complex calculations.
Chapter 1 introduction to computers
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on information technology. It outlines the course requirements, including exams, assignments, and a final project that contribute to the overall grade. It also describes lecture notes, written assignments, presentations, and other class activities. Tips are provided on how to earn more marks, such as avoiding plagiarism and demonstrating a strong work ethic. The course aims to teach basic computer knowledge, hardware, office applications, and internet skills.
Ahmad sameer types of computer
This document classifies and describes different types of computers. It discusses computers by size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, supercomputers), by function (servers, workstations, information appliances, embedded computers), and by analog/digital qualities (analog, digital, hybrid). Each type is defined and examples are provided. For instance, it notes that analog computers use continuous voltages to represent values while digital computers use discrete 0s and 1s, and hybrid computers combine both approaches.
Introduction to computer
This document provides an introduction to computers, including how they work and their key characteristics. It defines a computer as an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. It then describes the main components of a computer and how data is processed. The document outlines the main characteristics of computers as being fast, accurate, having large memory and storage, being diligent and versatile. It also categorizes the different types of computers as analog, digital, and hybrid and provides examples of each type. Finally, it classifies computers as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers and describes the defining features of each.
Classification of computer
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by function, purpose, and capabilities. By function, they are classified as digital, analog, or hybrid based on how they process data. Digital computers use discrete digits while analog uses continuous quantities. Hybrid computers combine these. By purpose, computers are general or special purpose. General purpose computers solve many problems while special purpose are for specific tasks. By capabilities, they are classified as micros, minis, mainframes, or supercomputers based on size, power, and users supported. Micros use microprocessors, minis support 10-20 users, mainframes hundreds of users, and supercomputers are the fastest used for intense calculations.
Types of computer
This document discusses different types of computers categorized by functionality, size, speed, and cost. It describes analog computers that use continuously variable aspects like electrical signals to model problems, digital computers that use binary digits to perform calculations and operations, and hybrid computers that have both analog and digital components. The document also discusses classification by size as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. It provides examples and characteristics of each type.
Computer peripheral or Peripheral Devices
The document discusses computer peripherals. It defines peripherals as devices connected to but not part of the core computer architecture that are used to input or output data. It lists common peripherals like keyboards, mice, monitors, printers and storage devices. It categorizes peripherals as input, output or storage and provides examples and uses of important peripheral types like keyboards, monitors and hard drives. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of some peripherals.
Classification of computer
This document summarizes different types of computers:
- Analog computers measure continuous physical quantities as input and provide continuous outputs, while digital computers use discrete numbers as input and output.
- Types of digital computers include microcomputers, mini computers, mainframe computers, supercomputers, desktops, workstations, notebooks, tablet PCs, handheld computers, and smartphones.
- Microcomputers are the smallest and include personal computers and multi-user systems. Mini computers are more powerful and useful than microcomputers for departmental systems and networks. Mainframe computers offer faster processing and greater storage and are used as host computers and database servers. Supercomputers are the fastest and most expensive, used for scientific applications like weather forecast
Uses of computer
The document discusses several positive and negative impacts of computers on society. Positively, computers have made daily tasks easier and quicker, are used to maintain records in institutions and banks, and facilitate online banking and trading. However, computers have also led to unemployment as jobs are automated, cause people to waste time on non-productive activities, and pose security and privacy risks like data theft and cyber crimes. The document also outlines several uses of computers at home for budgeting, entertainment, chatting, and working remotely, as well as in education, business, offices, and for simulation training.
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Analogue computers
This document discusses the history and workings of analogue computers. It notes that early analogue computers were invented by William Thomson in 1873 and A.A Michelson in 1898. They were used for applications like gun fire control during World War II and the Korean War. Analogue computers represent quantities continuously like an analogue clock and use physical phenomena like voltages and currents to model and solve problems. They were commonly used before digital computers advanced and are still used today in applications like process control. However, digital computers can now solve equations faster and have advantages over analogue computers.
Types of computer
There are four main types of computers: supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Microcomputers are the most common and include desktop PCs, which are not portable, and portable computers like laptops, PDAs, handheld computers, and tablet PCs, which are designed for mobility and compactness. Within microcomputers, desktop PCs come in tower and desktop casings, while portable computers have their own power sources in batteries.
Classification of Computers
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by purpose, type, and size. By purpose, they are either special purpose or general purpose. Special purpose computers are designed to solve specific problems, while general purpose computers can be used for many applications. By type, computers are digital, analog, or hybrid. Digital computers represent data with binary digits while analog computers use continuous signals. Hybrid computers combine aspects of analog and digital. By size, computers range from microcomputers to minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers, with each type having greater processing power and storage capacity than the last.
Categories of computer
This document categorizes computers based on their operation and size. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers which combine aspects of both. Digital computers are further broken down by size into supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. It also covers different types of computers for individual users like desktops, laptops, tablets, palmtops, and smartphones.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
The document discusses different types of computers:
- Analog computers represent data with continuous physical quantities like voltage. Accuracy depends on precision of measurements.
- Digital computers use discrete values like binary digits to represent data symbols. They are used for business/science data processing and storing large quantities of data magnetically.
- Hybrid computers combine analog and digital, using analog input converted to digital for processing and accuracy.
- Other computer types discussed are mainframes for CPU/I/O intensive jobs, mini computers for real-time multi-user apps, microcomputers for simple tasks, and supercomputers for large data and intensive computing.
Classification of computers
The document classifies computers based on their mode of use and architecture. It discusses palms, laptops, desktop PCs, workstations, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Key points include: palms are small, portable computers operated via touchscreen; laptops are portable but larger than palms; desktop PCs are the most popular type of computer; workstations are more powerful desktops used for intensive tasks; servers are optimized for specific functions like storage or printing; mainframes are large, powerful computers used by large organizations; and supercomputers are the fastest computers capable of intensive calculations.
Types of computer
All types of computer including general and special purpose, Analog,digital, hybrid, microcomputer, minicomputer, mainframe computer and super computer.
Types of computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are: It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
-----> https://instagram.com/mentality_streak?utm_medium=copy_link
@ Appreciate my work:
-----> behance.net/burhanahmed1
Thank-you !
Personal computer
A personal computer is a computer that can perform all inputs, outputs, processing, and storage independently. The document discusses the history and types of personal computers, including desktop PCs, laptops, notebooks, netbooks, tablet PCs, workstations, mainframes, servers, and mobile phones. It provides examples of early personal computers like the Apple II and describes characteristics of different types like their size, weight, and typical uses.
Types of computers
The document summarizes different types of computers based on the data they handle and their size. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers in terms of the type of data they measure - continuous or discrete. It then describes various sizes of digital computers from supercomputers, mainframes, mini computers to microcomputers like desktops, laptops, palmtops, wearables and pocket computers giving examples of each.
Introduction to computers new 2010
Computers enable the efficient processing and storage of information. They are composed of hardware and software and exist in a variety of sizes, from embedded computers inside devices to supercomputers used for highly complex tasks. A basic computer system includes input devices like a keyboard, a central processing unit that performs calculations, and output devices like a monitor that present results.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to fifth generation. [1] The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large in size. [2] The second generation used transistors and were smaller with magnetic storage. [3] The third generation used integrated circuits and were smaller still with multiple users accessing remote terminals.
Classification of Computers
This document classifies computers into different types based on their functionality and size. It discusses digital computers, analog computers, and hybrid computers. It also describes special purpose computers designed for specific tasks and general purpose computers that can be used for many applications. Finally, it categorizes computers by size into embedded systems, programmable computers, laptops, personal computers, workstations, mainframes, and supercomputers.
W 2 types of computer
The document discusses different types of computer classification based on purpose, function, and size. General purpose computers can perform many different tasks while special purpose computers are designed to perform a single specific task. Based on function, computers are digital, analog, or hybrid. Classification by size includes microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers, with the latter being the most powerful and used for complex calculations.
Chapter 1 introduction to computers
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on information technology. It outlines the course requirements, including exams, assignments, and a final project that contribute to the overall grade. It also describes lecture notes, written assignments, presentations, and other class activities. Tips are provided on how to earn more marks, such as avoiding plagiarism and demonstrating a strong work ethic. The course aims to teach basic computer knowledge, hardware, office applications, and internet skills.
Ahmad sameer types of computer
This document classifies and describes different types of computers. It discusses computers by size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, supercomputers), by function (servers, workstations, information appliances, embedded computers), and by analog/digital qualities (analog, digital, hybrid). Each type is defined and examples are provided. For instance, it notes that analog computers use continuous voltages to represent values while digital computers use discrete 0s and 1s, and hybrid computers combine both approaches.
Introduction to computer
This document provides an introduction to computers, including how they work and their key characteristics. It defines a computer as an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. It then describes the main components of a computer and how data is processed. The document outlines the main characteristics of computers as being fast, accurate, having large memory and storage, being diligent and versatile. It also categorizes the different types of computers as analog, digital, and hybrid and provides examples of each type. Finally, it classifies computers as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers and describes the defining features of each.
Classification of computer
Computers can be classified in several ways, including by function, purpose, and capabilities. By function, they are classified as digital, analog, or hybrid based on how they process data. Digital computers use discrete digits while analog uses continuous quantities. Hybrid computers combine these. By purpose, computers are general or special purpose. General purpose computers solve many problems while special purpose are for specific tasks. By capabilities, they are classified as micros, minis, mainframes, or supercomputers based on size, power, and users supported. Micros use microprocessors, minis support 10-20 users, mainframes hundreds of users, and supercomputers are the fastest used for intense calculations.
Types of computer
This document discusses different types of computers categorized by functionality, size, speed, and cost. It describes analog computers that use continuously variable aspects like electrical signals to model problems, digital computers that use binary digits to perform calculations and operations, and hybrid computers that have both analog and digital components. The document also discusses classification by size as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. It provides examples and characteristics of each type.
Computer peripheral or Peripheral Devices
The document discusses computer peripherals. It defines peripherals as devices connected to but not part of the core computer architecture that are used to input or output data. It lists common peripherals like keyboards, mice, monitors, printers and storage devices. It categorizes peripherals as input, output or storage and provides examples and uses of important peripheral types like keyboards, monitors and hard drives. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of some peripherals.
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Classification of computer
This document summarizes different types of computers:
- Analog computers measure continuous physical quantities as input and provide continuous outputs, while digital computers use discrete numbers as input and output.
- Types of digital computers include microcomputers, mini computers, mainframe computers, supercomputers, desktops, workstations, notebooks, tablet PCs, handheld computers, and smartphones.
- Microcomputers are the smallest and include personal computers and multi-user systems. Mini computers are more powerful and useful than microcomputers for departmental systems and networks. Mainframe computers offer faster processing and greater storage and are used as host computers and database servers. Supercomputers are the fastest and most expensive, used for scientific applications like weather forecast
Uses of computer
The document discusses several positive and negative impacts of computers on society. Positively, computers have made daily tasks easier and quicker, are used to maintain records in institutions and banks, and facilitate online banking and trading. However, computers have also led to unemployment as jobs are automated, cause people to waste time on non-productive activities, and pose security and privacy risks like data theft and cyber crimes. The document also outlines several uses of computers at home for budgeting, entertainment, chatting, and working remotely, as well as in education, business, offices, and for simulation training.
Computer's clasification
Supercomputers have CPUs that operate at faster speeds than standard computers. Their designers optimize circuit functions and minimize circuit length to speed information transfer between memory and the CPU. Supercomputers perform complex calculations faster using pipelining, which groups and passes data to the CPU in an orderly manner, and parallelism, which performs multiple calculations simultaneously using multiple CPUs. Massively parallel processing supercomputers connect many machines to achieve high levels of parallelism.
Microprocessors
A microprocessor is a central processing unit that contains a complete computation engine on a single chip. It executes machine instructions to perform arithmetic operations, move data between memory locations, and make decisions by jumping to different instruction sets. A microprocessor contains registers for temporary storage of data, addresses, and processor status. There are different types of registers including general purpose, floating point, constant, vector, and special purpose registers that store program state information. Control and status registers include the program counter, instruction register, and program status word.
Application of Computer
Computers have numerous applications across many fields of modern life. They are integral to education, allowing students to perform coursework and gain job skills. Libraries rely on computers for acquisition, classification, cataloging, circulation and serial control. Science and technology are also heavily dependent on computers, which have changed their face and are an essential part. Medicine and health have been greatly enhanced by computer technology, particularly in hospital environments. Businesses use computers from manufacturing to sales and cannot function without them. Accounting, communication, networking and more are computer-based. Computers also provide entertainment through movies, music and games. Their applications are found everywhere computations and complex data are involved, across all spheres of life.
Classification of computer
1. There are four main types of computers: analog computers, digital computers, hybrid computers, and micro computers.
2. Analog computers represent variables continuously with physical quantities and solve problems based on things like flow and voltage. They provide fast, approximate results but are only for special purposes.
3. Digital computers represent variables with digits and use arithmetic and logic to reach conclusions. Hybrid computers combine aspects of analog and digital computers for applications like process control requiring a close physical representation.
Introduction to microprocessor
This document discusses the history and evolution of microprocessors over four generations from 1971 to present. It focuses on 8-bit microprocessors, which are most common in sensor and actuator systems. Key features of 8-bit microprocessors discussed include word length, memory addressing, clock speeds, input/output pins, timers, and programmability. Microprocessors provide flexible programmable control and can be configured by engineers for various tasks.
introduction to microprocessors
The microprocessor is a central processing unit contained on a single chip. It acts as the brain of the computer and controls all other components. As technology has advanced, microprocessors have become faster, smaller, and more powerful over time. A computer uses a microprocessor as its CPU and is called a microcomputer. The microprocessor accepts data from input devices, processes it according to instructions in memory, and outputs results.
System unit
This chapter discusses the components that make up a computer system unit. It describes the motherboard as the main circuit board that contains the processor, memory chips, and adapter cards. The processor, consisting of a control unit and arithmetic logic unit (ALU), interprets and carries out instructions through a machine cycle. Memory temporarily stores data and instructions in chips such as RAM and ROM. Various ports, buses, expansion slots allow components to interface and transfer data around the system unit. The amount of RAM needed depends on the intended applications but generally more is better for performance.
System Unit
The document discusses the main components inside a computer system unit, including the central processing unit (CPU) and memory. It describes how the CPU, which contains the control unit and arithmetic logic unit, interprets and executes instructions to process data from memory. The CPU communicates with memory and other components via input/output buses on the motherboard. Memory comes in volatile forms like RAM that temporarily store information, as well as non-volatile forms like ROM. The system unit also contains ports and connectors on the outside to attach peripheral devices.
INPUT DEVICE
The document defines input as any data entered into a computer's memory and identifies four types: text, graphics, audio, and video. It explains that input devices allow users to enter data and instructions, and lists common examples like keyboards, mice, microphones, and webcams. The document then provides more details on specific input devices for each type of input: keyboards and barcode readers for text; digital cameras and scanners for graphics; microphones and MIDI keyboards for audio; and digital video cameras, webcams, and CCTV cameras for video. It concludes by defining pointing devices like mice, touchpads, joysticks, trackballs, and gamepads.
Printer
This document provides an overview of different types of printers. It begins by discussing the history of printing, including the invention of electrophotography in 1938 and the first high-speed printer for computers in 1953. The document then defines printers and categorizes them as either impact or non-impact. Specific impact printers discussed include dot matrix, daisy wheel, and thermal printers. Non-impact printers covered are inkjet, laser, multi-function, and 3D printers. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of printers for utilizing computer resources.
OUTPUT DEVICES
This document provides information about output devices. It defines output devices as hardware that displays processed or stored computer data for users. Examples of output devices given include monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, and plotters. Their uses are described, such as monitors displaying instructions and results, printers producing hard copies, speakers converting sound, and projectors displaying information for large audiences. The document also lists objectives and pre-requisite skills around output devices.
Processing Devices
The document discusses processing devices and central processing units (CPUs). It describes a CPU as having three main parts: registers that hold information for processing, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that performs calculations and comparisons, and a control unit that directs the system. The document outlines the evolution of CPUs from early chips like the Intel 4004 to modern multi-core processors. Buses connect the CPU and memory to transfer data and instructions for processing.
Importance of computer in professional life
The document discusses the importance of computers in professional life. Computers help with rapid calculations, searching for references online or in databases, and spreading findings globally using the World Wide Web. Data can be stored on computers for immediate and future use. Computers also facilitate digital libraries, online guidance and tutoring, quick information processing, online discussions, monetary transactions, customer relationship management, sharing information over networks, and calculations of large transactions quickly. Additional professional uses of computers include management information systems, online classifieds and jobs, multiplayer games, media, communication, software development, website creation, mobile apps, games, and e-commerce solutions.
Computer application in business
This course introduces students to basic computer concepts and applications. Over six weeks, students will learn the touch method of keyboarding to produce simple documents. They will be introduced to hardware, software, word processing, and spreadsheet applications. The course aims to provide skills for basic IT certifications. Students will learn computer and application fundamentals to gain skills for initial employment requiring basic computer literacy.
Input Devices
Input devices allow users to enter data and instructions into a computer. Common input devices include keyboards, pointing devices like mice and touchpads, touch screens, cameras, microphones, and scanners. Keyboards are typically used to type and enter text, while pointing devices like mice allow users to control screen navigation. Emerging technologies are expanding input options with devices like touch screens, motion-sensing remotes, and biometric scanners.
Classification of computers
The document classifies computers based on their function, size, and purpose. Analog computers represent data continuously, digital computers use discrete pulses or bits to represent data, and hybrid computers can process both analog and digital data. General purpose computers can perform a variety of tasks, while special purpose computers are designed for specific applications. Computers are also classified based on their size from largest to smallest as super computers, mainframes, mini computers, microcomputers, desktop computers, and pocket computers. Each type of computer has different features, capabilities, and purposes.
System unit components
The hard drive stores data and files on the computer. It connects to the motherboard and uses motors and an actuator to read and write data. The heat sink is a cooling device installed to prevent overheating. The power supply provides power to the computer and allows it to function. Without power, the computer will shut down and unsaved work will be lost. The graphics card generates images for display and can connect to displays via different ports and standards.
Microprocessor
The document provides an overview of microprocessors, including what they are, their basic components and functions. It discusses how a microprocessor:
- Acts as the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to provide computational control
- Can be programmed to perform functions on data by writing instructions into its memory
- Has components like an arithmetic logic unit, registers, cache memory and bus interfaces to transfer data and addresses
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Please discuss Superscalar Processors.Please discuss embedded appl.pdf
Please discuss Superscalar Processors.
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Solution
Superscalar processor:
A superscalar processor is a cpu thatthat implements a form of parallelism called instruction-
level parallelism within a single processor. It therefore allows for more throughput (the number
of instructions that can be executed in a unit of time) than would otherwise be possible at a given
clock rate. A superscalar processor can execute more than one instruction during a clock cycle by
simultaneously dispatching multiple instructions to different execution units on the processor.
Each execution unit is not a separate processor (or a core if the processor is a multi-core
processor), but an execution resource within a single CPU such as an arithmetic logic
A single core superscalar processor can be known as SMID(Single Instruction stream,Multiple
Data streams).
A multi-core superscalar processor can be known as MMID(Multiple Instruction
stream,Multiple Data streams).
Embedded Applications:
A software application that permanently resides in an industrial or consumer device. Providing
some type of control function and/or user interface, the software is typically stored in a non-
volatile memory such as ROM or flash memory. Contrast with a general-purpose computer that
can be used to run all kinds of applications.Such type of applications are known as embedded
applications.
Design Considerations:
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software design are:
1.Compatibility - The software is able to operate with other products that are designed for
interoperability with another product. For example, a piece of software may be backward-
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underlying architecture.
3.Modularity - the resulting software comprises well defined, independent components which
leads to better maintainability. The components could be then implemented and tested in
isolation before being integrated to form a desired software system. This allows division of work
in a software development project.
4.Fault-tolerance - The software is resistant to and able to recover from component failure.
5.Maintainability - A measure of how easily bug fixes or functional modifications can be
accomplished. High maintainability can be the product of modularity and extensibility.
6.Reliability (Software durability) - The software is able to perform a required function under
stated conditions for a specified period of time.
7.Reusability - The ability to use some or all of the aspects of the preexisting software in other
projects with little to no modification.
8.Robustness - The software is able to operate under stress or tolerate unpredictable or invalid
input. For example, it can be designed with a resilience to low memory .
Types-of-OPERATING-SYSTEM.pptx
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System software includes operating systems and utility programs that allow hardware and software to work together. It manages computer resources and supports the execution of tasks. Application software carries out specific tasks and can be general purpose, integrated packages, specialized, customized, or custom written. System software controls hardware and allows the use of application software, while application software performs particular functions for users or organizations.
Software s1 so11
System software includes operating systems and utility programs that allow hardware and software to work together. It manages computer resources and supports the execution of tasks. Application software carries out specific tasks and can be general purpose, integrated packages, specialized, customized, or custom written. System software controls hardware and allows the use of application software, while application software performs particular functions for users or organizations.
Computer software and operating system
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The operating system
The operating system manages hardware and software, allowing devices to function normally. It controls components like memory, processors, and input/output devices. Device drivers translate operating system data into hardware-specific instructions. Operating systems support single-user single-tasking, single-user multi-tasking, and multi-user multi-tasking environments. They manage memory, storage, user interfaces, and ensure applications and processes receive processor time.
The operating system
The operating system manages hardware and software, allowing devices to function normally. It controls components like memory, processors, and input/output. Device drivers translate signals between hardware and software. Operating systems support single-user single-tasking, single-user multi-tasking, and multi-user multi-tasking environments. They manage memory, storage, user interfaces, and ensure applications and processes receive processor time.
Computer Fundamental
Operating System
types of operating system
functions of operating
memory management
file and folder management
desktop and its composition
mouse and keyboard operations
tools and softwares
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This document discusses operating systems and software development. It defines the main functions of an operating system as memory management, user interface, multi-tasking, peripheral management, and security. It also describes different types of software development including custom written, off-the-shelf, open source, and proprietary software. The document provides examples of benefits and limitations of each approach.
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Presentation on classification of computers on the basis of purpose
- 1. CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ON THE BASIS OF PURPOSE GENERAL PURPOSE COMPUTER SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPUTER
- 2. General-Purpose Computers This machines have the capability of dealing with variety of different problems, and are able to act in response to programs created to meet different needs. A general- purpose computer is one that has the ability to store different programs of instruction and thus to perform a variety of operations.
- 4. Special-Purpose Computers As to the name implies, is designed to perform one specific tasks. The program of instructions is built into, or permanently stored in the machine. Specialization results in the given task being preformed very quickly and efficiently. Most special purpose computers have the capability of performing just one task. They are frequently referred to us "dedicated," because of their limitations to the specific task at hand.