This document categorizes computers based on their operation and size. It discusses analog computers, digital computers, and hybrid computers which combine aspects of both. Digital computers are further broken down by size into supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. It also covers different types of computers for individual users like desktops, laptops, tablets, palmtops, and smartphones.

1. CATEGORIES OF
COMPUTER
Presenter : Roshan Maharjan

2. OUTLINES
➢ Compare and contrast various types of computer.
➢ Explain the different types of computers based on
operation.
➢ Explain the different types of digital computers.
➢ Explain the different types of computer for individual
users.
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3. Introduction
A computer is a basic, complete and functional
computer, including all the hardware and
software required to make it functional for any
user.
A computer system exists in a wide range of sizes
and ranges of power and different types of
computer systems having varying capabilities.
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER
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4. CLASSIFICATION OF
COMPUTER

5. The way to get
started is to quit
talking and begin
doing.
Walt Disney
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6. CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER
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7. Classification based on operation
• Based on the operating principles or work
computers can be classified into one of the
following types:
• Digital Computers
• Analog Computers
• Hybrid Computers.

8. Analog Computer
❑ Analog computer is a computer that
operates with numbers represented by
directly measurable quantities (such as
voltage or rotations).
❑ It is single problem oriented machine.
❑ It do not require any storage capacity.
❑ The accuracy of analog computer is
poor.
❑ It is widely used in simulating the
operation of aircraft, nuclear power plant
and industrial chemical processes.

9. Examples of Analog Computer
• Thermometer: A device used for measuring body
temperature.
• Speedometer: A device used to measure the travelling
speed of vehicle.

10. Digital Computer
❑Digital computer is a computer that
works with numbers that are
represented by the digits 0 and 1.
❑It is capable of processing
information in discrete form.
❑It is multipurpose machine.
❑The accuracy of this machine is high.
❑All modern general purpose
electronic computers are digital
computers.

11. Examples of Digital Computer
• IBM-PC: First personal computer.
• Apple/Macintosh: First widely used computer with GUI.

12. Hybrid Computer
❑Hybrid computer is a computer
which combines the best features of
both analog and digital computers.
❑It help use to process both
continuous and discrete data.
❑It has the speed of analog computer
and accuracy of digital computer.
❑It is widely used in hospital for
measurement of patient’s heart beat,
blood pressure, etc.

13. Examples of Hybrid Computer
• Electrocardiogram Machine
• Ultrasound Machine

14. CLASSIFICATION OF
DIGITAL COMPUTER
Based on the size

15. Classification based on Size
• Depending on the size and performance
digital computers are classified as :
• Supercomputer
• Mainframe computer
• Minicomputer
• Microcomputer.

16. Super Computer
❑Supercomputer is extremely
powerful computer capable of
manipulating huge amount of data in
short time.
❑It has huge storage capacity.
❑It has multiple processor, often
functioning in parallel.
❑The speed of super computer is
measured in “FLOPS”
❑Supercomputer is used to design
automobiles, aircraft and spacecraft,
to forecast weather and global
climate.

17. Examples of Super Computer
• Sunway Taihulight and Tianhe -2 etc.

18. Mainframe Computer
❑ Mainframe computer is a
large, expensive and ultrafast
computer.
❑ It can support hundred or
thousands of connected users.
❑ It act as the central host
computer in in distributed data
processing system.
❑ It is typically used for solving
very large commercial,
scientific or military problems.

19. Examples of Mainframe Computer
• IBM System z9 and IBM System z10.

20. Mini Computer
❑ Minicomputer is a medium scale
built to perform complex
computations.
❑ It is multiuser system.
❑ Minicomputer is extensively used
for payroll preparations,
accounting and scientific
computations.
❑ It is commonly used as servers in
network environment that handle
that data sharing needs of other
computer on the network.

21. Examples of Mini Computer
• PDP-8, HP 3000 Series and TI-990 etc

22. Micro Computer
Microcomputer is a small digital computer
whose central processing unit consist of a
microprocessor.
It is equipped with at least one type of data
storage, high speed RAM, and various I/O
devices.
It is designed for use by one person at a
time but nowadays it has become a
powerful tool for many business to serve
more than one users.
It is designed for use in home and office
setting.

23. Examples of Micro Computer
• MITS Altair 8800, IMSAI 8080, and all laptop and desktop
computers.

24. Computer for individual user
• Most computers are designed to meet the personal
needs of an individual, either in working place or at
homes.
• The personal computer category has grown
tremendously in the past decades.
• There are now several specific types of computers,
each with its own capabilities, features and
purposes.

25. Desktop Computer
❑ Desktop computer is a personal computer
that is designed to fit conveniently on top of
a typical office desk.
❑ It usually consists of system unit, input unit,
and output unit.
❑ There are two model of desktop computer:
▪ Desktop model
▪ Tower model.

26. Workstation
❑ Workstation is a single user high-
performance computer system that is
connected to another computer.
❑ It has greater multitasking capability because
of additional RAM.
❑ Workstation may share network resources
with one or more large client computer and
network servers.

27. Laptop
❑ Laptop computer is a small, portable
personal computer designed for use on one’s
lap.
❑ It consists of attached display unit, a
keyboard, pointing device, speaker and
battery etc.
❑ Laptop can be used for long hours depending
on the configuration and power management
of the computer.

28. Tablet
❑ Tablet is a wireless, portable personal
computer with a touch screen display.
❑ It is slim and light weight.
❑ It has rechargeable battery, sensors, camera
and a microphone.

29. Palmtop
❑ Palmtop computer is a small computer that
literally fits in your palm.
❑ It uses special pen and touch sensitive screen
to enter data.
❑ It operates on batteries.

30. Smartphone
❑ Smartphone is a handheld device that
functions as a small PC.
❑ It has high resolution touch screen display
and Wi-Fi connectivity.
❑ It has powerful CPU, good storage space and
RAM.
❑ It is used to store information, e-mail, install
program, along with using a mobile phone in
one device.

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CATEGORIES
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COMPUTER
THANK YOU
Roshan Maharjan
fsscomputer2020@gmail.com