The document discusses wireless local area networks (WLANs), including how they work as an extension or alternative to wired LANs using radio waves, the components needed like access points and clients, common configurations including peer-to-peer and using multiple access points, standards like 802.11, encryption methods, advantages like mobility and ease of installation, disadvantages such as security issues, and applications in various industries.

1. Welcome

2. Topic

3. Anika Ohab ID:142-15-3568
Umme Habiba ID: 142-15-3677
Abul HasnathID:142-15-3532
Shahinur Rahman ID: 142-15-3606
Members

4. Introduction
Defination
Types
configuration
Advantage & Dis-Advantage
Application
Contents

5. A WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK(LAN) IS A FLEXIBLE
DATA COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM IMPLEMENTED AS AN
EXTENSION TO, OR AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR, A WIRED LAN.
• A wireless LAN or WLAN is a wireless local area network that
uses radio waves as its carrier.
• The last link with the users is wireless, to give a network
connection to all users in a building or campus.
• The backbone network usually uses cables
What??

6. • The wireless LAN connects to a wired
LAN
• There is a need of an access point that
bridges wireless LAN traffic into the
wired LAN.
• The access point (ap) can also act as a
repeater for wireless nodes, effectively
doubling the maximum possible distance
between nodes.
Topologie
s

7. HOW WIRELESS LANS WORKS:
Wireless LANs operate in almost the same way as wired LANs, using the same networking
protocols and supporting the most of the same applications.
Works

8. COMPONENTS OF WIRELESS
ARCHITECTURE:
Wireless LAN Architecture Is Composed Of Different Components Which Help In
Establishing The Local Area Network Between Different Operating Systems.
These Components Are Very Essential For Wi-fi Architecture.
• Access Point
• Clients
• Bridge

9. Access Points:A Special Type Of Routing Device That Is Used To Transmit The
Data Between Wired And Wireless Networking Device Is Called As AP.
Clients:Any Kind Of Device Such As Personal Computers, Note Books, Or Any
Kind Of Mobile Devices Which Are Inter Linked With Wireless Network Area
Referred As A Client Of Wireless LAN Architecture.
Bridge:A Special Type Of Connectors Which Is Used To Establish Connections
Between Wired Network Devices Such As Ethernet And Different Wireless
Networks Such As Wireless LAN. It Is Called As Bridge. .

10. HOW TO CONFIGURE WIRELESS LANS
• FIVE WAYS TO CONFIGURE A WIRELESS LAN
• PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK
• CLIENT AND ACCESS POINT
• MULTIPLE ACCESS POINTS AND ROAMING
• USING AN EXTENSION POINT
• USING A DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA

11. A BASIC WIRELESS PEER TO PEER
NETWORK
• Two Pcs Equipped With Wireless Adapter
Cards Can Be Set Up As An Independent
Network Whenever They Are Within Range
Of One Another.
Requires no
administration or
configuration.
Each client has access
to only the resources
shared by the other
client and not to a
central server.

12. IEEE 802.11 WIRELESS LAN STANDARD
• In Response To Lacking Standards, IEEE Developed The First Internationally
Recognized Wireless LAN Standard – IEEE 802.11
• IEEE Published 802.11 In 1997, After Seven Years Of Work
• Most Prominent Specification For WLANS
• Scope Of IEEE 802.11 Is Limited To Physical And Data Link Layers.

13. 802.11 Networks Can Be Used In Two
Modes:
1. Infrastructure And
2. Ad Hoc Mode
Types
Infrastructure Mode Requires
A Central Access Point That
All Devices Connect To.
Ad-hoc Mode Is Also Known As
“Peer-to-peer” Mode.
Ad-hoc Networks Don't
Require A Centralized Access
Point.
Instead, Devices On The
Wireless Network Connect
Directly To Each

14. MAC Layer Covers Three
Functional Areas:
IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control:
MAC
1.Reliable Data
Delivery
2.Access
Control
3.Security

15. When Employing Wireless Transmission, This Has The
Disadvantage That It Is Relatively Easy To Listen In To Any
Data Transferred. This Is Why We Need To Be Encrypted.
There Are Different Encryption Methods In Existence.
ENCRYPTION
WEP
Wired Equivalent
Privacy was the first
encryption key
protocol.
• it is no longer
considered safe
and is relatively
easy to hack.
• This is why we
should no longer
use it.
WPA
WiFi Protected Access
has been developed from
the WEP protocol.
• Improved security
mechanisms provide
better protection.
• a dynamic key was
introduced for the
purpose of transfers.
WPA2
WPA2 builds on WPA
But employs the strong AES
algorithm to encode the data
transfer.

16. • WI-FI OR WIFI Is A Technology That Allows Electronic Devices To Connect To
A Wireless LAN (WLAN) Network.
• The Range Of A Residential Wi-fi Network Depends On
1.The Wireless Access Point (WAP) Or Wireless Router
2.Its' Antenna(s) Sensitivity, As Well As
3.The Exact 802.11 Standard Being Used
Range
A general rule of thumb in home networking says that 802.11b/g WAPs and routers
support a range of up to 150 feet (46 m) indoors and 300 feet (92 m) outdoors.
Another rule of thumb holds that the effective range of 802.11a is approximately
one-third that of 802.11b/g.
Obstructions in home such as brick walls and metal frames or siding
can greatly reduce the range of a Wi-Fi LAN by 25% or more.

17. FUTURE OF WLAN:
• WLANS MOVE TO MATURITY
• HIGHER SPEEDS
• IMPROVED SECURITY
• BETTER ERROR CONTROL
• LONG DISTANCES
• NEW VENDORS
• GLOBAL NETWORKING
ANYWHERE, ANYTIME, ANY-FORM CONNECTIVITY…
Future!

18. Mobility:The Primary Advantage Of Wireless Technology.
Having This Freedom Of Being Able To Move Around
Without Wires Being Connected.
Ease And Cost Of Installation :Need To Have To Run Cables Through
Walls And Ceilings Is Eliminated With A Wireless LAN.
Easier Network Modifications
Increased Network Reliability :One Of The Most Common Network
Problems Is Having Cable Failures.
Advantag
e

19. Speedier Disaster Recovery :If Primary Operations Go Down, Having A
WLAN Makes Life Easier. Allowing Ability For Network To Be Up And Running
So Fast Without Business Being Significantly Disturbed.
Radio Signal Interference :wireless Devices Operate In The Same Radio
Frequency As Other Devices. Signals From Other Devices Can Disrupt Wireless
Transmissions, Or A WLAN Device Can Interfere With Other Devices.
Security :the Wireless Signal Is Broadcast In Open Air Making Security A Big
Concern. Security Has Improved For WLAN But It Remains A Major Issue And
Must Be Properly Addressed.

20. DISADVANTAGE OF WLAN
1.HEALTH RISK
• Being A Health Risk Is A Ongoing Issue. Wireless Devices Emit Low Levels Of
RF. It Is A Know Fact That High Levels Of RF With Heating Effects Can Cause
Biological Damage.
2.COSTWireless Network Cards Cost 4 Times More Than Wired Network Cards.
• The Access Points Are More Expensive Than Hubs And Wires.
3.SIGNAL BLEED OVER
• Access Points Pick Up The Signals Of Adjacent Access Points Or Overpower
Their Signal.
4.ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Susceptible To Weather And Solar Activity.
• Constrained By Buildings, Trees, Terrain.

21. WIRELESS LAN APPLICATIONS:
•
MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
CORPORATE
EDUCATION
TEMPORARY SITUATIONS
AIRLINES
SECURITY STAFF
EMERGENCY CENTERS
Applicatio
ns