A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a short-range wireless network designed for interconnecting devices around an individual person's workspace, supporting various mobile computing devices. WPANs include high data rate and low data rate standards developed by the IEEE and utilize technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and WiMAX for communication. These networks typically operate within a range of about 10 meters and are crucial for applications in the Internet of Things and machine-to-machine communications.