Windows10-All-Chabbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbpters.pptx

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ICDL - Module 2
Microsoft Windows 10
Hussein Omer Aziz
Computer Institute of Ranya
Stage 1
2018-2019

Assessment
 Mid Terms: (40%)
 First Mid Term: (20%)
• Theoretical Exam: (7%)
• Practical Exam: (8%)
• Quizzes and Daily Marks: (5%)
 Second Mid Term: (20%)
• Theoretical Exam: (7%)
• Practical Exam: (8%)
• Quizzes and Daily Marks: (5%)
 Final Exam: (60%)
 Theoretical Exam: (20%)
 Practical Exam: (40%)
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Syllabus
 Chapter 1: Working with Windows
1.1. Introduction to Windows
1.2. Start the Computer
1.3. Use Windows
1.4. Working with Application
Programs
1.5. Shut down the Computer
 Chapter 2: File Management
2.1. Main Concepts
2.2. Work with Files and Folders
 Chapter 3: Manipulating Files and
Folders
3.1. Work with Files
3.2. Work with Icons
3.3. Print
3.4. Printer Options
 Chapter 4: Utilities and Setup
4.1. File Compression
4.2. Anti-virus
4.3. Setup
4.4. Some Build-in Features and Tools
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ICDL
 What is ICDL?
 ICDL (International Computer Driving Licence) is the world's
largest computer skills certification. It is a certification in the
practical use of computers and computer applications. To date
more than 15 million people have engaged with the ICDL
program, in over 100 countries.
 However, ECDL (European Computer Driving Licence) is the
European-wide qualification which enables people to
demonstrate their componence in computer skills.
 These certification programs consist of seven modules. MS
Windows is the module two, which is known as “Using
Computer and Managing Files”.
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Microsoft Windows 10 --- Chapter1: Working with Windows --- Prepared By: Hussein Omer Aziz

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ICDL - Module 2
Stage 1
2018-2019
Chapter One: Working with Windows
Hussein Omer Aziz

Chapter 1: Working with Windows
Overview
1.3. Use Windows
1.4. Working with Application Programs
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 Computer system consists several parts as follows:
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Computer
Hardware Software
Operating System (OS)
Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, iOS
Application Programs
MS Word, Anti-Viruses, Games
Programming Languages
C++, Java, Assembly Language
Primary Parts Secondary Parts
Monitor
Keyboard
Case
Printer
Scanner
Mouse
 What is Computer System?

 These four components are usually shared together to
build the proper computer system and work correctly:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Data
4. User
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 What is Operating System?
To work properly, each computer needs its own
operating system.
Operating system (OS) is the basic program (software)
that manages the different parts of computer.
The operating system coordinates input and output
devices, manages memory and makes available
commands that are necessary to work with the
computer.
The operating system has to be started when
switching on the computer and it has to be shut
down properly before you switch off the computer
again.
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 Operating System Types
 Three most common operating systems for personal computers (PC) are
Microsoft Windows, Apple MacOS, and Linux.
 Mobile devices such as phones, tablet, and MP3 players are different
from desktop and laptop computers, so they run the operating systems
(platforms) that are designed specifically for mobile devices, such as:
 Apple’s mobile operating system is called iOS (iPhone Operating System).
 Google’s mobile platform is Android.
 RIM (Research In Motion) is the platform for Blackberry.
 Windows is the platform for Windows Mobile.
 Huawei’s new operating system is called HarmonyOS.
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 What is MS Windows?
 Windows or win is an operating system environment for personal
computer (PC) that created by Microsoft, and it provides an interface
known as a Graphical User Interface (GUI).
 GUI lets users to recognize where they would like to go on their
computer by using pointing device to select buttons, icons and menus.
 Before GUIs, computers had a command-line interface (i.e. MS-DOS),
which meant users had to type every single command to the computer
and the computer would only display text.
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 History of MS Windows
 Microsoft Windows was first introduced with version 1.0 in 1985.
Since its release, it has been frequently updated, there have been over
a dozen versions of Windows.
 33 years of Windows evolution from Windows 1 to Windows 10.
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 Minimum Requirements
 If you want to run Windows 10 on your PC, here's
what it takes:
 Processor (CPU): 1 gigahertz (GHz).
 RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) (32-bit) or 2 GB (64-bit).
 Hard disk space: 16 GB (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit).
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 Switch on (Turn on) the Computer
 The computer must switch on before use it. When users switch on the
computer, the operating system starts, then they can log on.
 Every make of computer is slightly different; therefore the location of “on”
and “off” switches and other functions are vary from make to make.
 However, the procedure to start the computer (switch on – turn on
computer) is the same:
1. Plug in electricity. Ensure that the computer components and screen
are plugged in and switch on.
2. Turn on UPS (if UPS is used).
3. Press power button of the computer case,
and sometimes power button of Monitor.
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 During the starting procedure the computer verifies if all its
components are adjusted properly and able to work correctly.
This procedure is usually carried out without any difficulties
and that called boot procedure.
 boot procedure (booting) is the starting operating system and
at that time all data is transferred from Hard disk to the RAM.
 This process can take a little time (on average 30 seconds). As
soon as the boot process is finished, the log on, welcome, or
desktop screen appears.
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 Log on Process
 Sometimes, it must log on computer in order to be able to work
with Windows.
 Log on process is responsible for preventing the unauthorized use
of the computer. Therefore you will be assigned a specific user
account.
 User-account is a data record with all the facts that define a user in
the operating system, such as:
 User name
 Password
 User group to which the user name belongs
 Rights and authorizations for the access to the computer, the network
and its resources that have been assigned to the user.
 After logging on, Windows desktop appears. This is the workspace
on the monitor screen which displays windows, icons, menus and
dialogs.
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 Desktop is the main Windows screen. The various frequently used
icons represent files, folders, program shortcuts are placed there.
 By default, desktop shows only Recycle Bin icon. It can be drag any
program icon (shortcut) from Start menu. Or, sometimes after
installing some programs, their shortcuts will be shown on the
desktop.
 Icons are small pictures that represent files, folders, programs, and
other items.
 To active icons usually use double click.
 When you first time start Windows, you'll see at least one icon on
your desktop, which is Recycle Bin (trash can). It is possible to show
other general icons (My Computer, My Documents, Control Panel
and Network) and all program shortcut icons.
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 Taskbar is the strip that contains buttons/icons, and give user quick access
to common tools and the programs currently running.
 It locates at the bottom of the desktop, but user can change its position.
 It has four sections:
1. Start button: It is usually used to open start menu.
2. Quick Launch Toolbar: It includes buttons to launch favorite programs. It can
be added other applications to Quick Launch
3. Windows Bar: The main part of the Taskbar shows and gives access to
programs that are opened.
4. Notification Area: It displays icons that tell you what is happening with your
computer. It includes icons of some running programs and important
messages. User can change the setting of elements of notification area.
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Start
Button
Windows
Bar
Notification
Area
Quick Launch
toolbar

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 Start Menu contains all installed programs that are available
on computer to user, as well as frequently used functions and
documents.
 To open start menu:
 Click start button .
 Press start key on the keyboard.
 Press key combination Ctrl + Esc.

Desktop
Start
Menu
Taskbar
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 Window is a rectangle on the screen that is specific for a
program and containing everything to do with that
program.
 Multiple windows can be opened at the same time;
allowing you to move between programs and documents
with ease.
 Dialog Box is a special type of window that opens when
you select some commands, containing fields to select.
 Dialog boxes normally do not have a menu bar, maximize
or minimize buttons. They can be moved and closed.
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 Using the Mouse (Pointing Device)
 Mouse is an input device that allows user to carry out tasks and
commands on the computer or to choose a certain option.
 For many Windows users, the pointing device that used is the mouse.
 The mouse usually consists of two clicks (buttons):
1. Left Click is the primary mouse button that is mainly used for
selecting commands. This button is most often used to click ,
double-click and dragging.
2. Right Click is the secondary mouse button that is used for accessing
context sensitive menu options.
 Mouse Techniques are:
1. Clicking is pressing the mouse button once. With clicking, tasks and
commands can be performed. Most of the actions on a computer
are carried out by clicking.
2. Double-clicking is clicking a mouse button twice in rapid succession.
Double-clicking on an object is used to quickly open the item.
3. Dragging and Drop is moving an object on the screen.
 These techniques are done by using left click.
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Desktop
 Change Background Picture
 Use Screen Saver
 Working with Icons
 Show General Icons
 Hide/Show all Desktop Icons
 Change view Desktop Icons
 Create Shortcut
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Practical Lecture:

 Change Desktop Background Picture in Windows 10
Right click on the free space on the desktop 
choose Personalize  Background.
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 Use Screen Saver
Right click on the free space on the desktop  choose Personalize  Lock screen 
Screen saver settings.
 Working with Icons
 Show General Icons
Right click on the free space on the desktop  choose Personalize  Themes
 Desktop icon setting.
 Hide/Show all Desktop Icons
Right click on the free space on the desktop  choose View  Show desktop icons.
 Change view Desktop Icons
Right click on the free space on the desktop  choose View  Choose a view type
(Large, Medium or Small icons).
 Create Shortcut for Application on the Desktop in Windows 10:
Go to the Start Menu  Choose a program that you want to place on the desktop 
Drag program icon to the desktop.
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Taskbar
 Lock and Unlock
 Change Position
 Add (Pin) Programs to Quick Launch Toolbar
 Remove (Unpin) Programs to Quick Launch
Toolbar
 Change Date/Time
 Add/Remove Language
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Practical Lecture:

 Lock and Unlock Taskbar
1- Right-click on the Taskbar  choose Lock the taskbar directly.
2- Or, Right-click on the Taskbar  select Taskbar settings  Lock the
taskbar.
 Change Position Taskbar
To move the taskbar from its default position along the bottom edge of the
screen to any of the other three edges of the screen:
Click a blank portion of the taskbar  drag the to the place on the screen
where you want the taskbar.  After that, release the mouse button.
 Add (Pin) Programs to the Quick Launch Toolbar
Right-click a program icon on the taskbar  select Pin to taskbar.
 Remove (Unpin) Programs from the Quick Launch Toolbar:
Right-click a program icon on the taskbar  select Unpin from taskbar.
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 Change Date/Time in Windows 10
1- Right-Click on the clock icon on the taskbar  click on Adjust date/time
 Additional date, time, & regional settings  Set the date and time 
Change date and time .
2- Open the Control Panel (icons view)  click on the Date and Time icon 
Set the date and time  Change date and time.
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 Add Language in Windows 10
1- Click on the Language icon on the taskbar  click on Language
preferences  Add Language.
2- Open the Control Panel (icons view)  Region  Language preferences
 Add Language.
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1.3. Use Windows
 MS Windows versions are used a windows-based system.
With the help of different windows, you can perform various
tasks and functions.
 The common new applications window are usually consist of
the following elements (parts):
 Title bar displays the name of the application and the file.
 Quick Access Toolbar provides buttons for the most frequently
used commands in an application.
 Ribbon can use to access all the application’s commands.
 Navigation buttons are three buttons sit at the right of the title
bar, to resize (minimize and maximize) and close.
 Status bar is across the bottom of a window displaying information
about the current program. Not all windows have a status bar.
 Scrollbar is used to view different parts of the document and
contains at the right and bottom of a window. Scroll bars only
appear when the current file does not fit on one screen.
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Title Bar
Quick Access
Toolbar
Ribbon
Status
Bar
Scroll Bar
Document Area
1.3. Use Windows
Navigation
Buttons

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 Menu provides access to the commands available within the
program.
 Toolbar is displayed for the most frequently used commands.
 This picture explains Menu bar, Menu, Submenu and Toolbar:
Menu
Bar
Toolbar
Menu
Submenu
1.3. Use Windows

1.3. Use Windows
 Working with Windows
 Collapse (Minimize)
 This does not close the window, but sits on the taskbar and hides in
front of the user on the screen.
 At the top right of the screen, click the “Minimize” button once.
 Expand (Restore again)
 The window is restored again in the same size and in the same
position as before it was minimized.
 Click the button of an application on the taskbar.
 Maximize
 The window fills the entire desktop.
 At the top right of the screen, click the “Maximize” button once.
 Restore Down
 The window will become smaller in size, and no longer fill the screen.
 At the top right of the screen, click the “Restore Down” button once.
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1.3. Use Windows
 Resize
 It is used to manually change the window size.
 Position the pointer over one of the edges of the window pane,
the pointer becomes a double-headed arrow, then click and
drag the pointer left/right or up/down, then release.
 Move
 It is used to move the window and reposition on the desktop.
 Move the pointer onto the title bar, then click and drag the
window around the desktop.
 Switch between open Windows
 When you have more than one window open on screen, it is
possible to switch between these windows.
 It can be done by using one of these methods:
1. Click minimize button, and then use restore again.
2. Press key combination Alt + Tab.
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 The actual purpose of a computer is the use of different
programs.
 These are the basic actions that are necessary to work
successfully with an application program:
 First: Staring a program (open a program)
1. Each program can be opened from start menu.
2. Double click the application icon on the desktop.
3. Click the application icon in the quick launch toolbar (taskbar).
4. Use search window to quickly find an application.

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 Second: Creating a new file
In some applications such as MS Word can create new files
(documents).
a- Creating a new file in the current program:
1. File  New.
2. New button on the quick access toolbar.
3. Press key combination Ctrl + N.
b- Creating a new file in the operating system:
 Right click on an empty space  New  Then select desired file type
(e.g. Microsoft Word Document).

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 Third: Saving a file (Name and save a file)
After creating a file and changing in a file, it is necessary to save this file.
a- First time saving of a file:
1. File  Save.
2. Save button on the quick access toolbar.
3. Press key combination Ctrl + S.
b- Saving changes:
When you want to save changes in the file with a different name or in a
different location, you need to use save as by:
1. File  Save as.
2. Press key combination Ctrl + Shift + S.

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 Forth: Opening a file
It can be opened the previous saved files
a- Opening a file in the current program:
1. File  Open.
2. Open button on the quick access toolbar.
3. Press key combination Ctrl + O.
b- Opening a file in the operating system:
 Double click the file icon in the current folder (e.g. Documents).

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 Fifth: Closing a file (or an application)
When you have finished working with any program, it is good practice
to close the document (or the program):
1. File  Close.
2. Right click on the program icon  Close button.
3. Close button at the top right of the screen.
4. Press key combination Alt + F4.
 Note: In the old application versions use:
 File  Close or (Ctrl + W) to close a file.
 File  Exit or (Alt + F4) to exit an application.

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 Close a non-responding application
Sometimes, an application fails to respond and will not close
down using the normal route. If this happens, it is possible to use
Task manager as follows:
1. Right click on the taskbar, then select task manager.
2. Press key combinations Ctrl + Alt + Delete.

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 When you have finished working, it is time to shut down Windows
(operating system) using an appropriate routine. Do not shut down the
computer without shutting down operating system, in order to save all
data on the RAM, and close programs properly.
 Shut down (Power off - Turn off): it is the process to remove power from
a main components of computer in a controlled way.
 To shut down in windows 10: Start button  Power  Shut down.

 The additional shut down options are sleep and restart.
 Sleep (Standby): The computer enters a power-saving mode and uses very
little energy. If you want to continue working, simply move the mouse or
press the power button and the computer immediately “wakes up” again.
 It is possible to use sleep mode, when you want to leave your computer
for a short time.
 Restart (Reboot) : This mode is shutting down the computer and
restarting it automatically. In this option you do not need to press the
power button to turn on computer again.
 Sometimes it is necessary to restart the computer, when new software
has been installed, upgrade (update) existing software, or if programs do
not work properly.
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ICDL - Module 2
Stage 1
2018-2019
Chapter Two: File Management
Hussein Omer Aziz

Chapter 2: File Management
Overview
2.1. Main Concepts
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Microsoft Windows 10 --- Chapter2: File Management --- Prepared By: Hussein Omer Aziz

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 Organizing Files and Folders
 Operating system has many different types of files according
to the different programs we use. For example, word
documents, image files, video files, etc. These files are
organized and collected in a hierarchical structure of folders,
which are stored in different storage location (i.e. hard disk).
 File system is a specific system that normally used to organize
files and folders and manage them.
Data File Folder H.D
2.1. Main Concepts

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 Organizing Files and Folders
 Having various folders is importance for several reasons:
 To be able to find files easily in the future.
 To ensure that you do not accidentally lost data.
 To ensure that you work effectively together.
 When naming files and folders, it is important to use meaningful names,
for ease of recall and organization these files and folders.
 Operating system is created several folders for its files, although it is
possible to create new folders anywhere and anytime.
2.1. Main Concepts

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 What is File and Folder?
 Folder (directory) is a virtual location where programmes, files, and other
folders can be located.
 File is an object on a computer that stores data, information, or
commands used with computer programmes. Files display as icons that
relate to the programme, which opens the file.
 A file is discrete computer item containing some sort of data. While, a
folder stores files and other folders.
2.1. Main Concepts

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 File Extension
 File extension or file name extension (file format) is the ending of a file.
In MS Windows, the file extension (suffix) is a period that is often followed
by three characters, but may also be one, two, or four characters long.
For example, the file name "myfile.txt" has an extension of ".txt", which is
a file extension associated with text files.
 Today, there are millions of files used with computers according to
programmes, and they are identified either by the file extension of the file
or the data contained in the file. A few of the more common file
extensions are:
 Word documents (.doc or .docx)
 Web text pages (.htm or .html)
 Images (.gif and .jpg)
 Multimedia files (.mp3, .mp4, .wav, and others)
2.1. Main Concepts

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 Storage Devices
 In the file system, the data (files) can be stored in different storage devices:
1. In folders on the hard disk inside our computers.
2. In folders on a network drive, that usually stored on a server.
3. On a removable disk (such as Floppy Disk, USB flash drive or other
removable storage devices).
4. On a readable and writable drive (such as CD or DVD).
5. In the online file storage, various online storages are now available via the
Internet (such as dropbox, google drive, one drive and so on). Some of online
storages give users free storage space, others charge a fee. It is important to
ensure that the site you choose is secure. These storages give users to access
their files, and also give the ability to share files with other users.
2.1. Main Concepts

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 Storage Devices (Storage Drive)
 Drive is a storage area that is formatted with a file system and
has a drive letter.
 The following are the common storage devices:
1. Hard Disk Drive
2. Network Drives
3. External Drives
4. USB Flash Drive
5. Floppy Disk
6. Compact Disk
7. Digital Video Disc
2.1. Main Concepts

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1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
 Hard disk is the most important storage device and it is a
local hard disk drive.
 The operating system and all programs are stored there.
 Inside the computer, hard disk is divided into more than
one partition. The first hard drive has the drive letter C:.
2.1. Main Concepts

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2. Network Drives
Network drive is a link to a drive that can be shared on a
network.
It is represented like a local hard drive.
2.1. Main Concepts

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3. External Drives
 It is like a local hard drive that can be connected with the
computer via USB cable.
4. USB Flash Drive (Flash Memory)
 It is a removable disk that data can easily transfer
between this drive and the computer hard disk. It is also
connected with the computer via USB cable.
2.1. Main Concepts

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5. Floppy Disk
 Floppy disk is an external data medium that makes data
transfer easier.
 It has a small memory (1.44MB).
 The floppy disk drive letters are A: and B:.
 Now, it is not used after introduced Flash memory.
2.1. Main Concepts

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6. Compact Disk (CD)
 CD is an optical disk drive that widely diffused data
mediums.
 It can carry data from 650 to 900 MB.
 We need a CD-ROM drive to be able to read the data, and
CD-RW to write data on a CD.
 This hardware device will get a special drive letter after
the installation.
2.1. Main Concepts

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7. Digital Video Disc (DVD)
 DVD is similar to the CD.
 It can carry data from 4.7 to 9 GB.
 As for the CD, We need special hardware to read and write
data.
 A DVD drive will get its own drive letter after the
installation.
2.1. Main Concepts

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 Data Measurement
 In the computer system, several specific units can be used for measuring
data (files and folders) and size of most parts such as, memory (RAM),
hard disk and optical drives.
 The following table explains the basics of data measurement units:
Unit Value Size
Bit (b) 0 or 1
Byte (B) 8 bits
Kilobyte (KB) 1,024 Bytes
Megabyte (MB) 1,024 Kilobytes
Gigabyte (GB) 1,024 Megabytes
Terabyte (TB) 1,024 Gigabytes
Petabyte (PB) 1,024 Terabytes
Exabyte (EB) 1,024 Petabytes
2.1. Main Concepts

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 Open Files and Folders
After opening a folder, a window will be appeared that
represented a folder and all files and subfolders inside
this folder will be displayed.
However, when open a file, the corresponding program is
stared automatically.

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 Create New Folder
 All operating system types have folders that very useful to help users find
the files they are looking for quickly, and they make organizing information
simple. However, users can create new folders anywhere.
 A new folder can be created by each of the following methods:
1. Right-click  New Folder.
2. Press key combinations Ctrl + Shift + N.
 Sub folder is a folder inside other folder. We also can create a sub folder
by using each of the above two methods.

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 Select File/Folder
 It can be selected files/folders in different methods:
1. Select an individual file/folder: only by clicking.
2. Select non-adjacent files/folders: click on the first object  Hold
down the Ctrl key  Then click the other objects.
3. Select adjacent files/folders: click on the first object  Hold down
the Shift key  Then click the last object.
4. Select the entire content of a folder (select all files/folders): Right-
Click  Select All or Ctrl + A.
5. Select any file/folder: it is also possible to use drag and drop around
the files/folders that we want to select any file/folder instead of using
the above four methods.

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 Copy/Cut and Paste File/Folder
 Copy or copy and paste is the act of duplicating files or
folders, producing two or more of the same file or folder.
Copying a file to an alternate location, from one location to
another.
 Cut (move) or cut and paste is the process of removing a file
or folder from one place and transferring to another place.
 In general, copying creates a duplicate, while cutting does not
duplicate, removing from one place and transferring to
another place.

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 The simple methods to copy/cut file/folder are:
1. Right-click on the file/folder  Copy/ Cut.
2. Press the key combinations CTRL + C for copy, and CTRL +
X for cut.
 After copying or cutting file/folder, it is possible to move to
the drive, folder, or other location, and then pasting by each
of the following ways:
1. Right-click on the space  Paste.
2. Press CTRL + V.

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ICDL - Module 2
Stage 1
2018-2019
Chapter Three: Manipulating Files and
Folders
Hussein Omer Aziz

Chapter 3: Manipulating Files and Folders
Overview
3.2. Printer
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Microsoft Windows 10 --- Chapter3: Manipulating Files and Folders --- Prepared By: Hussein Omer Aziz

 View File Extensions
 Usually, displaying the file details shows the type for each file.
Another way of ascertaining the file type is by looking at the
extension at the end of the file name.
 Whenever a file is saved within a program, a full stop (.) –
followed by an additional 3 or 4 letters – is automatically
added after the file name.
 Be aware that, if the file extension is removed from a
document, the computer will not know which program to use
to open that document. It makes to lose its association with
the originating program.
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 View File Extensions
 File extensions are not always displayed by default when
viewing your files.
 If the file extensions are not shown within your current folder;
the following procedure is used to show the file extensions:
1. On the folder window  View ribbon  Options  View
tab  In the Advanced settings section  Uncheck Hide
file extensions for known file types.
2. Control Panel  Folder Options  View tab  In the
Advanced settings section  Uncheck Hide file
extensions for known file types.
66

 Change File/Folder Status
 Each file or folder has its own properties, which are file/folder
name, types, location, date of creating and modifying this
object, size of file/folder, and attributes that can be used to
change the status of file/folder.
 For files that you own, or have security access to, you can
change the file or folder status.
 To change the status of file/folder: Right-click on the
file/folder  Properties  General tab  In the Attributes
section check each attribute.
 To change folder icon: Right-click on the file/folder 
Properties  Customize tab  Click Change Icon button 
Choose an icon.
67

68

 Rename File/Folder
 Rename is a term used to describe the process of changing the name of
an object from a name to another name.
 When naming files and folders, it is important to use meaningful names,
for ease of recall and organization.
 The names of system files (folders of operating system) such as
“Windows”, “Program Files”, “Documents” cannot be changed.
 Be careful to keep the file extension unaltered when you change the file
name. Otherwise, you will not be able to open the file again.
 With most operating systems, these 9 characters ( / : * ? " < > | ) are
considered illegal and cannot be used in the file or folder name.
 User can rename files and folders by using one of these methods:
1. Right-click on the file/folder  Rename.
2. Select file/folder  then press the F2 key on the keyboard.
69

 Sort File/Folder
 The files and folders can be sorted by any of the columns in
ascending (from A – Z or 0 - 9) or descending (from Z – A or 9
- 0)order.
 Files and folders in any location can be sorted according to
name, type, size, date, and so on by using each of ways:
1. View ribbon  Sort by command.
2. Right-click on the blank area  Sort by Select a sorting
type.
3. Click each heading of files and folders.
70

 Change View File/Folder
 There are several views available in MS Windows to show files
and folders in different styles such as, large icons, medium
icons, small icons, list, details, and so on.
 These methods can be used for changing the view of files and
folders:
1. Right-click on the blank area  View  Then choose a
desired view.
2. View  Layout part  Then choose a desired view.
71

72

 Search File/Folder
 Search is used to find any file/folder quickly.
 The search filed that locates the right of the folder’s address
bar can be used to find files and folders.
 We can search for files/folders based on name, content, date
and so on.
73

74

 Delete File/Folder
 It is advisable to delete all data that you do not need any more. This way,
there is more memory for eventual new documents.
 We can delete any file/folder inside computer by using these methods:
1. Right-click on the file/folder  Delete.
2. Press the key Delete.
3. Press key combination Ctrl + D.
 When an item is deleted from local disk, it is usually put into the Recycle
Bin.
 When an item is deleted from external disk, USB flash memory and
network location, it is usually deleted completely.
 In the recycle bin we can restore it to its original location by Right-click
on that item on the recycle bin  Restore.
 Or, empty the recycle bin (deleted completely) by click the command
Empty the Recycle Bin on the toolbar.
75

3.2. Printer
 Printer Configuration
 Printer is an output device which allows user to put down file
contents to paper.
 It is possible to find a list of all installed printers:
1. In the Control Panel  Devices and Printers function.
2. In the Start menu  Printers and Scanners.
76

3.2. Printer
77

3.2. Printer
 Change the default Printer
 It is important to ensure that you select the correct printer each
time you send your work to print, if you have access to more than
one printer on your computer.
 Therefore, it is necessary to change the default printer that is
automatically selected each time you send a file to print.
 There can only make one printer as default.
 The default printer has a checkmark.
 In most Windows operating system, the default printer is the
printer that is used when selecting the Printer command.
 It is possible to change the default of a printer: in the Control Panel
 Devices and Printers  Right-click on the required printer 
Select Set as Default Printer.
78

3.2. Printer
 Install a new Printer
 It can be installed a local printer, which is connected to a
specific computer by a cable and only accessible from this
computer.
 In contrast, a network, wireless, or Bluetooth printer can
install, which may be available to more than one computer
without using a cable.
 A local printer gets the printer port’s name LPT1, an eventual
second local printer gets the name LPT2, and all other printer
ports (to network, wireless, etc.) are consecutively numbered
(LPT3 etc.).
79

3.2. Printer
 Most new printers are now USB printers; and if you connect
one of these printers to your computer via the USB lead,
Windows will automatically install it by using its specific CD
driver as following:
1. Connect the printer cable to the appropriate port on your
computer.
2. Plug in the power of the printer.
3. Windows will detect the USB printer, and then following
all installation steps.
4. The printer is ready to use.
 It is possible to install the printer manually: Control Panel 
Devices and Printers  Add a printer  The Printer
Installation Wizard opens  Click Next to go to the next step.
80

3.2. Printer
 Remove a Printer
 You can remove unnecessary printer from your computer by:
 Open Control Panel  Devices and Printers  Select the
desired Printer  Remove device  Now a dialog appears 
Click Yes to confirm the removing printer process.
81

3.2. Printer
 Printout (Printing)
 Printing files often is the last workstep in editing program
files. You can change settings during the printing process.
 A file in the most application programs can print by using one
of the common printing methods:
1. File  Print.
2. Click print button in the toolbar (i.e. quick access toolbar).
3. Press key combination Ctrl + P.
82

3.2. Printer
83

3.2. Printer
 Observing the Printing Progress
 Usually, when the computer sends printing orders to a printer, a printer
icon appears in the notification area of the taskbar. All print jobs will be
displayed in the print queue for that printer.
 If you double-click on the printer icon in the taskbar a window opens that
displays all queued printing orders and their status.
 As soon as a printing order has been sent to the printer, the printer icon in
the taskbar disappeared. The printing process can not be changed any
more now.
 If the printer icon has a red dot with a question mark, problems appeared
when sending the order to the printer. Double-click the printer icon to
check the status of the printing process.
84

3.2. Printer
 Change Printer Job
 If your printer job is long, or you can open the printer window
quickly, it is possible to pause, restart and delete the job from
the print queue.
 To pause a print job: Right-click on the desired print job 
Select Pause.
 To restart a print job: Right-click on the desired print job 
Select Restart.
 To delete a print job: Right-click on the desired print job 
Select Cancel.
85

3.2. Printer
86

87
ICDL - Module 2
Stage 1
2018-2019
Chapter Four: Utilities and Setup
Hussein Omer Aziz

Chapter 4: Utilities and Setup
Overview
4.2. Computer Viruses
4.3. Build-in (Setup) Features and Tools
88
Microsoft Windows 10 --- Chapter4: Utilities and Setup --- Prepared By: Hussein Omer Aziz

 Compress File/Folder
 Compressing is squeezed down the files size to a smaller size than their
original file size with using compression software.
 Files that are compressed:
 use less space on a storage medium.
 travel faster between storage modems.
 make downloading faster easier.
 are an ideal way of backing up data.
 very useful when you want to secure data.
 very useful when you want to attach data to an email.
 Common compressed file extensions are .ZIP, .RAR, .ARJ, .TAR.GZ, and
.TGZ.
 After compressing a file, a new folder usually created that called ZIP-
compressed folder.
 We can compressed any file/folder by using this method:
 Right-click on the file/folder  Select Add to “…”.
89

 Decompress File/Folder
 Extracting files is the opposite of compressing files.
 With extracting the data is restored at another storage location in
its original size while the compressed original files remain in the
compressed folder.
 It must decompress (extract) the file before you continue editing or
using it.
 If you receive compressed files in an e-mail, you can decompress
them in order to view and use them on your computer.
 We can decompressed any file/folder by using this method:
 Right-click on the compressed folder  Select Extract.
90

 If you like the idea of being able to download files from the
Internet and to send and receive compressed files, then it is
best to be aware of the possibility of viruses, and what to do
protect your computer and your files from them.
 Threat is any potential danger to information or systems that
can lead to attacks on computer systems, networks and more.
For example, Virus, Trojan, Worm etc.
 Attack is an assault on system security that derives from
threat. For example, Hacking.
91

 There are many types of computer security threats in the
world. Some are pretty harmful while some are totally
harmless which does not do any damage to your computer
although annoying.
 To know what can threat attack your data you should know
what malicious software (Malware) exist and how they
function. Malware can be subdivided in the following types:
1. Virus
2. Worm
3. Trojan
4. Spyware
5. Adware
6. Spam
7. Jokes
92

 Viruses are computer programs that is man made and infect
computers without the knowledge of the user.
 It is a malicious software where it replicates itself and aim to
only destroy a computer and will never be able to operate
properly or even at all.
 This type of threat is known as virus because like biological
viruses they can pass, replicate and replace.
93

 Hackers have more opportunities for spreading threats because of developing
modern computer technology and communications tools.
 Computer threats usually spread in one of two ways: from the Internet and
removable media.
First: The Internet
 The Internet is unique, since it is no one's property and has no geographical
borders. In many ways, this has promoted development of countless web
resources and the exchange of information. However, these very features of the
world wide web give hackers the ability to commit crimes on the Internet.
 A computer can be infected with viruses if it is connected to a network where one
of the computers has already been attacked.
 A frequent source of infections is the download of files or programs in the
Internet.
 Viruses are quite frequently transmitted through emails. If an infected email
attachment is opened, the virus is executed and starts to spread and forward itself.
Second: Removable Storage Media
 Removable media (floppies, CD/DVD-ROM’s, and USB flash drives) are widely used
for storing and transmitting information. Opening a file that contains malicious
code and is stored on a removable storage device can damage data stored on the
local computer and spread the virus to the computer’s other drives or other
computers on the network.
94

 Symptoms of Infected Computer
1. Computer is running extremely slowly.
2. The operating system will not load when you start your computer.
3. Automatic rebooting after every few minutes, or Windows shutting
down suddenly.
4. Application is not working correctly.
5. Deleting files automatically, or hidden files and folders.
6. User cannot connect to the Internet or it runs very slowly.
7. The Internet browser displays pages that user has not requested.
8. Antivirus has disappeared, or firewall is disabled.
9. Hardware troubles.
10. Disks or disk drives are not accessible.
11. Running out of hard drive space.
12. Getting and popping out lots of system error messages.
13. Hearing unexpected sounds, played at random.
95

 Protecting your computer from viruses and other threats is
not difficult, but you have to be diligent. Here are some
actions you can take:
1. Install an antivirus program and keeping it up to date
2. Keep Operating System up to date
3. Keep Windows Firewall turn on
4. Do not open email attachments unless you are expecting
them
5. Be careful what you download
6. Do not run programs of unknown origin
7. Up to date web browsers and use browser's privacy
settings
96

 Use Anti-virus Software
 Open build-in virus checking (anti-virus) application, for example,
Windows Defender is existed in Windows 10.
 Or, it is possible to install a new anti-virus application, either from a
disk, or download from the Internet.
 Windows Defender is a built in anti-malware tool of MS Windows that
protecting computer against viruses, malware, spyware, and other
threats.
 If another antivirus app have installed, Windows Defender will turn off
automatically.
 Windows Update downloads updates for Windows Defender
automatically to help keep PC safe and protect it from threats.
 Windows defender can be opened by:
Start Menu  Windows System  Windows Defender.
97

98

 Scan Specific Drivers , Folders, Files
Open anti-virus program  Navigate to the scanning
section of the program  Select the drive/folder you want
to scan  Start scanning.
The scan may take quite a while, depending on the size of
the drive and the number of files stored on it. It is usually
possible to stop the scan part way through, if it is not
convenient to complete at this time.
Virus scanners recognize thousands of viruses and stop
them before they become active. If a virus scanner
program identifies a virus, it will usually provide guidelines
for dealing with it. The most common options are to
“ignore”, “delete” or so on to solve the infected files.
99

 Update Anti-virus
Why anti-virus software needs to be updated regularly?
A virus might not make itself known straight away; it can
lay dormant in your computer until triggered by a
particular event such as a date. The best way to protect
your computer from viruses is to install and use a virus
checking or virus scanning software.
Although you might regularly use these software on your
computer, remember that hundreds of new viruses are
introduced every month and your anti-virus is only as good
as the last time you updated it.
100

 One of the great strengths of Windows is that users can install
literally millions of programmes and achieve a staggering
amount of tasks. But as Microsoft has refined and expanded
the platform, the company has added plenty of new build-in
features and tools of its own.
 Here are some tools and functions that already exist in
Windows 10:
101

Search Window
 Search Window (Integrated Search) is a standard feature of most
windows that allows user to search any programme, task, file, or folder.
 To open Search Window:
1. Click Search Windows icon next of start button on the taskbar.
2. In the WinX menu  click Search.
102

Run Window
 Run window allows user to run commands quickly, such as open
programmes, files, or folders. All of them by typing a quick command in
the run window and clicking OK or pressing Enter.
 Several ways to open the Run window:
1. Start Menu  Windows System  Run.
2. In the WinX menu (Right click on the start menu)  click Run icon.
3. Press Win + R keyboard shortcut.
4. In the search box  Type run.
103

 Common Run Commands:
 recent: It is used to open the recent file/folder and can be
deleted all of
 temp and %temp% : To show all temporary files and quick
clean-up of disk from Windows Temp Files.
 msinfo32 : If you want to quickly get your system information.
 cmd : Open the command prompt (MS-DOS). Even Windows
users have to deal with the command line sometimes.
 control or control panel : To open control panel.
 compmgmt.msc : To open computer management.
 diskmgmt.msc : To open disk management.
 devmgmt.msc : To open device manager.
 taskmgr : To task manager.
104

 Common Run Commands:
 Open applications:
o winword : to open MS Word.
o powerpnt : to open MS PowerPoint.
o Excel : to open MS Excel.
o msaccess : to open MS Access.
o mspaint : to open MS paint.
o notepad : to open notepad.
o iexplore : to open Internet explorer.
o calc : to open calculator.
o osk to open on-screen keyboard.
 and so on …
105

Control Panel
 Control Panel is the place to make changes to various settings of
computer system. For example, add new language for system, Install/
delete Fonts, add/remove applications, create new account user, change
mouse and keyboard settings, and so on.
 To open the Control Panel:
1. Start menu  Windows System  Control Panel.
2. In the WinX menu  click Control Panel.
3. In the search box  Type control panel.
106

System Information
 System information is a free tool included with Microsoft Windows that
allows users to view the complete information about the computer, such
as its system, hardware, software, drivers and related data.
 There are several ways user can get System Information in Windows 10:
1. Right-click on the Computer icon on the desktop Select Properties.
2. Control Panel  System.
3. Start button  Windows Administrative Tools  System Information.
4. In the WinX menu  Select System.
5. In the search box  Type system information.
107

108

On-Screen Keyboard (OSK)
 On-Screen Keyboard (OSK) displays a visual keyboard with all the standard
keys, which is user can use instead of relying on the physical keyboard to
type and enter data. It is particularly useful with a touch screen.
 Windows offers an on-screen keyboard that lets users type even if users
do not have access to a physical keyboard.
 OSK can be opened by:
1. Start Menu  Windows Ease of Access  On-Screen Keyboard.
2. In the search box  Type on-screen keyboard or OSK.
109

Calculator
 Calculator is an electronic hardware device or software capable of
performing mathematical calculations such as addition, multiplication,
subtraction, or division.
 A simple arithmetic calculator was first included with Windows 1.0. While,
Windows 10 has substantially improved the calculator, adding more
functions, and several new features have been developed that are not
available in older versions of Windows.
 To open Calculator use:
1. Start Menu  Calculator.
2. In the search box  Type calculator.
110

MS Paint Application
 Paint is a simple computer graphics application that has been included
with all versions of Microsoft Windows, starting with Windows 1.0 which
was released in 1985. The app mainly opens and saves files as image.
 Paint can be opened by using:
1. Start Menu  Windows Accessories  Paint.
2. In the search box  Type paint.
111

Disk Management
 Disk Management is a tool of the Microsoft Management
Console that allows full management of the disk-
based hardware recognized by Windows.
 Disk Management is used to manage the drives installed in a
computer, like hard disk drives (internal and external), optical
disk drives, and flash drives.
 Disk Management has two main:
The top section of Disk Management contains a list of all
the partitions, formatted or not, that Windows recognizes.
The bottom section of Disk Management contains a
graphical representation of the physical drives installed in
the computer.
112

 Here are some common things that you can do in Disk
Management:
Partition a drive
Format a drive
Change a drive's letter
Shrink a partition
Extend a partition
Delete a partition
Change a drive's file system
 To open Disk Management use one of these methods:
1. In the WinX menu  Disk Management.
2. Computer Management Storage  Disk Management.
113

Disk Defragment
 Disk defragmenter is a utility in Microsoft Windows designed to increase
access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous
storage locations, a technique called defragmentation.
 To apply a defragmentation on any disk:
1. Open My Computer  Right-click on any hard disk partition (e.g. C)
 Properties  Tools  Click the Defragment Now (or Optimize)
button.
2. Start menu  Windows Administrative Tools  Defragment and
Optimize Drives.
3. Control Panel  Administrative Tools  Defragment and optimize
drive.
4. In the search box  Type Defragment and Optimize Drives.
114

Disk Cleanup
 Disk cleanup is a tool in Microsoft Windows designed to clean disks from
unnecessary files by deleting them. Therefore, this operation increase the
free space of the disk.
 For cleaning any disk:
1. Open My Computer  Right-click on any hard disk partition (e.g. C)
 Properties  General  Click the Disk Cleanup button.
2. Start menu  Windows Administrative Tools  Disk Cleanup.
3. Control Panel  Administrative Tools  Disk Cleanup.
4. In the search box  Type Disk Cleanup.
115

Device Manager
 Device Manager is a Windows utility where you can manage
the drivers. Device Manager, can use to view the hardware
devices installed in your computer, update device drivers,
modify hardware settings, and troubleshoot device conflicts.
 To use Device Manager use one of these methods:
1. In the WinX menu  Device Manager.
2. Control Panel  Device Manager.
3. Computer Management System Tools  Device Manager.
4. In the search box  Type Device Manager.
116

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