Government is an organization run by elected representatives that makes and enforces laws to administer a nation. A government is needed to maintain peace, make decisions, protect borders, ensure citizens have basic needs, and organize disaster relief. Government operates at local, state, and national levels. It creates laws that citizens must follow, and people can challenge laws they feel are not being upheld, such as by claiming discrimination prevented a job. Common forms of government include democracy, where representatives are elected, and monarchy, where a king or queen rules. A representative democracy delegates authority to elected officials. Women's suffrage movements fought for women's right to vote. Universal adult franchise gives all adult citizens the right to vote without discrimination.

1. Class-6/civics
What is government?

2. Government
• Government is an organization or
administration in which a group of people
work together as a unit (elected by people of
the country), to run the nation as indicated by
the defined law.
• Every nation needs an administration to run
the nation as indicated by defined laws.

3. Need for agovernment:
 The Government is required to keep up peace in a nation.
Make decision and get things done.
 Protecting the boundaries of the country and maintaining
peaceful relations with other countries.
 It is responsible for ensuring that all its citizens have
enough to eat and have good healthfacilities.
 When there is a natural disaster it is the government that
mainly organises the aid and assistance for the affected
people.

4. Levels of thegovernment
 The government works at
different levels:
 At the local level,
 At the level of thestate
 At the national level.
• The local level means in your
village, town or locality.
• The state level would mean
that which covers an entire
state like Odisha or Assam.
• National level Government for
the entire nation.

5. Laws of thegovernment
 The government makes laws and everyone who lives in the
country has to follow these. This is the only way government
can function. Just like the government has the power to make
decisions, similarly it has the power to enforce its decisions.
 Government can take decision, people can also take some
steps if they feel that a particular law is not being followed.
 for example, that they were not hired for a job because of
their religion or caste, he or she may approach the court and
claim that the law is not being followed.

6. Types of Government:
• Governments can be classified into several types.
Some of the most common types of governments are a
democracy, monarchy, etc
• Democracy: It is a form of government run by elected
representatives who hold the decision making power.
The word ‘democracy’ originates from the Greek words
‘demos’ and ‘krotos’, meaning “rule of the people.” It
can be classified into direct and indirect democracy.
• Monarchy (king or queen) : A monarchy refers to the
rule by a king or queen. Sometimes, a king is called an
“emperor”. It is a government with a hereditary head of
the state. It can be classified into two types, i.e.,
absolute and constitutional monarchy.

7. • Representative Democracy: The type of democracy in
which the citizens delegate authority to their elected
representatives.
• Women’s Suffrage: A Movement started in the early
20th century vigorously for many years, demanding
equality with men and the right to vote.
• Universal adult franchise states that the right to vote
should be given to all adult citizens without
discrimination of class, caste, colour, religion or gender.
“Franchise” is derived from the French word “franc”
which means “free.” The long struggles in the history of
the world for this right to vote has paved the path for
the present privileges that we enjoy in choosing our
representatives.

8. Presented by:-
Pavan Kumar Sahu TGT(S.ST)
K.V.Bargarh