The document discusses the definition and roles of government. It defines government as a group that governs a community through laws and enforcement. Modern governments provide security, order, justice, welfare, economic regulation and education. Governments have a duty to protect citizens and territory, preserve peace, and ensure livelihoods. Governments can be classified as autocracies, oligarchies, or democracies, and come in different forms and economic systems. The basic purpose of government is to provide security, justice and organization to society.

2.  A group of people that governs a community or
unit.
 Government is a system of social control under
which the right to make laws, and the right to
enforce them, is given to particular group in
society.
 Its power is held by one individual, a few, or a
majority.

3. Government sets and
administers public policy and
exercises executive, political
and sovereign power through
customs, institutions,
and laws within a state.

4. JOBS OF
GOVERNMENTS

5.  Modern governments have many jobs
including:
 Providing for the security of their country,
 Keeping order,
 Establishing a system of justice so that
people are treated fairly,
 Providing welfare services to those in need,
 Regulating the economy and establishing
educational systems.

6. Duties Of Government
 The government has three duties on its
territory.
 First, it must protect the nation it holds and
people, places, wealth, etc. from danger.
 Secondly, it must preserve peace within its
boundaries.
 And lastly, it must ensure that every family
unit of nation has place for a home and
means of livelihood.

7. TYPES OF
GOVERNMENT

8. A government can be classified into many types:
AUTOCRACY: (Rule by one)
 Government in which the power to govern is held
by one person. The power to rule is inherited or by
military force.
 Dictatorship: The leader has not been elected
and uses force to control all aspects of social and
economic life. (E.g. Adolf Hitler)
 Absolute monarchy: A monarchy has a king,
queen, emperor/empress (E.g. in Brunei, Oman)
 Constitutional monarchy: Kings, queens, or
emperors share power with elected legislatures.
(E.g. Great Britain)

9. OLIGARCHY
A government in which a
few people such as a
dominant clan or clique
have power. (E.g. Greek city
states)

10. DEMOCRACY:
The government is ruled by the people. It has further Categories :
DIRECT DEMOCRACY: people vote on all the issues.
REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY: people elect representatives
and give them the power to vote on issues. (E.g. united states)
PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY: voters elect members to the
parliament (legislature). It include house of commons and house
of Lords. There are three ways government distribute power:
UNITARY: one central government controls everything. (E.g. UK,
France etc)
CONFEDERATION: A voluntary association of independent
states that agrees to follow a powerful central government. (E.g.
Russian federation)
FEDERAL: power is shared by a powerful central government.
(E.g. US)

11. FORMS OF
GOVERNMENT:
 Governments come in different forms. The basic law
determining the form of government is called the
constitution. It included: Theocracy, Transitional, and
Economic
 Theocracy: Government leaders are members of the
clergy (church officials), and the state's legal system is
based on religious law. E.g. the Vatican
 Transitional: A transitional government is one that is in
the process of changing from one form to another. (E.g.
Afghanistan)
 Economic Systems: Capitalism, Socialism, Communism
 It sets and administers public
policy and exercises executive, political and sovereign
power through customs, institutions, and laws within a
state

12. Need For The
Government
 The most basic purpose of government is
security (state of being free from danger or
threat), issues laws to ensure justice. It supplies
and guarantees us life, liberty, property and also
provides justice.
 Without a government people would be running
around with no rules, no laws or regulations and
there would be no organization in the country.
 We need governments to keep the people with no
self-control from abusing the others.