what is Diode
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Nikhil Raut from RCOEM Nagpur is presenting about diodes. A diode is a two-terminal semiconductor component that allows current to flow in only one direction. It works by taking advantage of the properties of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors like silicon and germanium, which are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of conductors and insulators. When a P-type and N-type semiconductor are joined, it forms a PN junction that only allows current to flow from P to N under forward bias, and blocks it under reverse bias. Different types of diodes include Zener diodes, tunnel diodes, LEDs, and Schottky diodes.
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what is Diode
- 1. Presenter:- Nikhil Raut RCOEM Nagpur Engineeering- III Year Email- rautnr_1@rknec.edu MO: +919975380609
- 2. Diode
- 3. What is a diode ? A diode is defined as a two-terminal semiconductor component that allows to flow of current in only one direction. • What is semiconductor ? • Why & how it allows the current to flow in the only one direction ?
- 4. What is a semiconductor? Conductor Insulator • Resistivity is very low • Easily conducts the electric current • So many free electrons • Resistivity is Intermediate • Not easily conducts the electric current • It has four valance electrons are present in its outermost orbit • Resistivity is very High • Never conducts the electric current • No free electrons are available Semiconductor Definition: A solid substance that allows heat or electricity to pass through it in a particular conditions Semi + Conductor
- 5. Types of semiconductor? Intrinsic Semiconductor Extrinsic Semiconductor • It is a pure Semiconductor • E.G : Silicon, Germanium • N-Type and P-Type impurities are added Doping: The process of adding impurities in a pure semiconductor is called as doping.
- 6. P – Type Semiconductor • Aluminum, Indium, Boron • It is called as trivalent Impurity • These atoms has three outer electrons in their outermost orbit • Trivalent impurities are known as Acceptor impurities • Majority Charge Carriers are holes
- 7. N – Type Semiconductor • Antimony, Arsenic, Phosphorous • It is called as pentavalent Impurity • These atoms has five outer electrons in their outermost orbit • Pentavalent impurities are known as Donor impurities • Majority Charge Carriers are electrons
- 9. • P – Type Semiconductor An extrinsic semiconductor which has been doped with electron acceptor atoms is called a p-type semiconductor. • N – Type Semiconductor An extrinsic semiconductor which has been doped with electron donor atoms is called an n-type semiconductor.
- 10. Quick Recap ………….. 1. What is diode 2. Difference between conductor, insulator, semiconductor. 3. What is Semiconductor 4. Types of Semiconductor 5. What is Doping 6. Definitions of p-type and n-type semiconductor
- 11. Working of PN Junction Diode
- 12. Majority Charge Carriers are holes Majority Charge Carriers are electrons 1. Electrons and holes are free to move in any direction. 2. Electron carries a negative charge. 3. Hole carries a positive charge.
- 13. 1. Unbiased 2. Forward biased 3. Reverse biased Concept of Biasing
- 14. Unbiased And the process is continued until the p and n type region have enough charge carrier for opposing the electrons and holes respectively
- 15. Potential Barrier • Potential barrier in the p-n junction diode is the barrier in which the charge requires additional force for crossing the region. • It is also called barrier junction , Depletion region. • The region is created because of the depleted ions hence it is called a depletion region.
- 16. Forward biased How it allows the current to flow in the one direction ?
- 17. Reverse biased Why it allows the current to flow in the only one direction ?
- 19. What is Zener Diode ? A Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor device that permits current to flow in either a forward or reverse direction. • It is heavily doped • It can conducts in reverse direction
- 20. Zener Breakdown
- 22. Types of diode
- 23. Tunnel diode LED ( Light Emitting Diode) Schottky diode