A lesson plan outlines the structure and activities of a lesson, showing the starting point, end point, and route to get there. It is a teacher's framework for what they hope to achieve and how. While experienced teachers may plan mentally or with brief notes, all teachers should take time to thoughtfully plan lessons in order to provide clear direction for students, address objectives, and anticipate challenges. If a lesson has no planning, it could be disorganized and ineffective like a journey with no map.
The Taba Model was developed by Hilda Taba (1902 - 1967), an architect, a curriculum theorist, a curriculum reformer, and a teacher educator.Taba believed that there has to be a definite order in creating a curriculum.
She advocated that teachers take an inductive approach to curriculum development which meant starting with the specifics and building toward a general design, rather than the traditional deductive approach (starts with the general design and work towards the specifics) which was rooted in Tyler's model. Hilda Taba followed the grass-roots approach in developing curriculum
For her, it should be the teachers who should design the curriculum rather than the higher authorities (Oliva, 1992). More specifically stated, the Taba approach believes in allowing the curriculum to be developed and/or authored by the users (teachers). Under the Taba Model teachers are expected to begin each curriculum by creating specific teaching-learning units and building to a general design.
According to Khwaja, Akhtar, & Mirza (n.d.), "the Taba model was an attempt to ensure that decisions about curriculum are made on the basis of valid criteria and not whim or fancy." Her model of developing a curriculum consisted of seven main steps and over the years, these seven steps have formed the basis for Hilda Taba's ...
This solution provides information about Hilda Taba and her suggested approach to curriculum development. It also includes information about five of Taba's main elements required when developing a curriculum. The solution is referenced.
Diagnosis of needs
Formulation of learning objectives
Selection of learning content
Organization of learning content
Selection of learning experiences
Organization of learning activities
Evaluation and means of evaluation
Topic: Essay Type Test
Student Name: Shakti Lal
Class: B.Ed. (Hons) Elementary
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Introduction
Objectives
Need of Lesson Planning
Approaches to Lesson Planning
Course and Unit Planning
Daily and Weekly Planning
Steps in Lesson Planning
The Lesson Plan Format
Self-Assessment Questions
References
Child or Learner-Centered Approach This approach to curriculum design is based on the underlying philosophy that the child is the center of the educational process. ... Problem-Centered Approach This approach is based on a curriculum design that assumes that in the process of living, children experience problems.
The Taba Model was developed by Hilda Taba (1902 - 1967), an architect, a curriculum theorist, a curriculum reformer, and a teacher educator.Taba believed that there has to be a definite order in creating a curriculum.
She advocated that teachers take an inductive approach to curriculum development which meant starting with the specifics and building toward a general design, rather than the traditional deductive approach (starts with the general design and work towards the specifics) which was rooted in Tyler's model. Hilda Taba followed the grass-roots approach in developing curriculum
For her, it should be the teachers who should design the curriculum rather than the higher authorities (Oliva, 1992). More specifically stated, the Taba approach believes in allowing the curriculum to be developed and/or authored by the users (teachers). Under the Taba Model teachers are expected to begin each curriculum by creating specific teaching-learning units and building to a general design.
According to Khwaja, Akhtar, & Mirza (n.d.), "the Taba model was an attempt to ensure that decisions about curriculum are made on the basis of valid criteria and not whim or fancy." Her model of developing a curriculum consisted of seven main steps and over the years, these seven steps have formed the basis for Hilda Taba's ...
This solution provides information about Hilda Taba and her suggested approach to curriculum development. It also includes information about five of Taba's main elements required when developing a curriculum. The solution is referenced.
Diagnosis of needs
Formulation of learning objectives
Selection of learning content
Organization of learning content
Selection of learning experiences
Organization of learning activities
Evaluation and means of evaluation
Topic: Essay Type Test
Student Name: Shakti Lal
Class: B.Ed. (Hons) Elementary
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Introduction
Objectives
Need of Lesson Planning
Approaches to Lesson Planning
Course and Unit Planning
Daily and Weekly Planning
Steps in Lesson Planning
The Lesson Plan Format
Self-Assessment Questions
References
Child or Learner-Centered Approach This approach to curriculum design is based on the underlying philosophy that the child is the center of the educational process. ... Problem-Centered Approach This approach is based on a curriculum design that assumes that in the process of living, children experience problems.
Lesson planning is a significant element of teaching-learning system. A lesson plan is a step-by-step guide that provides a structure for an essential learning. Before planning a lesson, it is essential to classify the learning outcomes for the class. It is important because it helps the teacher in maintaining a standard teaching pattern and does not let the class deviate from the topic. Pre-planning helps the teacher to be better equipped in answering questions asked by the students during the lecture.
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
What Is A Lesson Plan?
1. What is a lesson plan?
A lesson plan is a framework for a lesson. If you imagine that a lesson
is like a journey, then the lesson plan is the map. It shows where you start,
where you finish and the route to take to get there.
Lesson plans are the product of teachers’ thoughts about their classes; what
they hope to achieve and how they hope to achieve it. They are usually, though
not always, in written form.
There are as many different kinds of plan as there are teachers. Trainee
teachers often have to produce very detailed written plans, with descriptions
not only of each activity but also listing the exact questions and instructions
they will give the class as well as the timings for every activity. In a full-time
teaching situation, however, it is impractical to expect teachers to plan with
this level of detail each lesson they teach.
Newly qualified teachers may rely on a less detailed, but still fairly
comprehensive written plan. As teachers gain experience and confidence,
planning is just as important, but teachers develop the ability to plan much
quicker and with less need for detail.
Very experienced teachers may be able to go into a class with just a short list
of notes or even with the plan in their head. Whatever the level of experience
though, it is very important that all teachers take the time to think through
their lessons before they enter the classroom.
Why is planning important?
Imagine starting a journey but with no idea where you are going.
You are the driver of a bus full of students and although you know you have to
drive them for a particular period of time, without your map you have no idea
where you want to go or how to get there. It may still be an interesting journey
but it would be very easy to get lost and your passengers would not be very
happy! Without some kind of planning, a lesson could be just as chaotic and
could leave the students with no clear idea of what they were doing or why.
This kind of uncertainty is not good for effective learning or class discipline.
One of the most important reasons to plan is that the teacher needs to identify
his or her aims for the lesson. Teachers need to know what it is they hope to
achieve in the class, what it is they want the students to be able to do at the
end of the lesson that they couldn’t do before.
Here are some more reasons why it is essential to plan:
• Planning is a sign of professionalism. Students expect teachers to be
professional. If you are
2. prepared, the students can tell. They also know if you are not
prepared. Planning is a way to
help gain the respect of your students.
• By planning you are considering your teaching situation and your
particular students. However
good your teaching material or course book may be, it is unlikely that
it was prepared for your
particular students. Planning gives you the opportunity to tailor your
material and teaching to
your class.
• As we have seen, lessons need to have certain elements and features
such as ESA. Planning
encourages teachers to consider these points and ensure they are
included in the lesson.
• Planning gives the teacher a chance to predict possible problems in
the class and think about
ways to deal with them. By thoroughly researching the target
language and being prepared for
difficult questions, for example, the teacher can feel confident in the
classroom.
If you imagine the
lesson is like a journey,
then the lesson plan is
like a map
Without some kind of planning, a lesson could be just as chaotic
and could leave the students with no clear idea of what they were doing or
why. This kind of uncertainty is not good for effective learning or class
discipline. One of the most important reasons to plan is that the teacher needs
to identify his or her aims for the lesson. Teachers need to know what it is
they hope to achieve in the class, what it is they want the students to be able to
do at the end of the lesson that they couldn’t do before.