This document discusses various welding terms and concepts. It defines a joint as a configuration of members and a weld as a union between materials caused by heat and/or pressure. It describes different types of welds like butt, fillet, spot, seam, plug, and slot welds. It also covers weld preparations, joint configurations, types of bevels and welds, and weld sizing parameters. The key purpose of weld preparation is to allow access, penetration, and fusion through the joint.

1. WELDING

2. A Joint:* A configuration of members
A Weld:* A union between materials caused by heat,
and or pressure

3. Butt welds:*
Fillet welds:*
Spot/Seam welds:*
Plug/Slot welds:*
Edge welds:*

4. Closed
corner
Open
corner*
T joints: *
Lap joints: *
Corner joints:*
Butt joints: *

5. This has major effects on economics and distortion control etc
The root face, root gap and angle of bevel values, the choice of
single, or double sided preparations, are dictated only by the type
of welding process, the position and accessibility of the joint*
The basic rule is this:
The more you take out, then the more you must put back in*
Remember, the purposes of a weld preparation is to allow access
for the welding process, penetration and fusion through the area
of the joint and its faces*

6. Angle of bevel*
Included angle*
Root gap*
Root face*
Root radius*
Root landing*

7. Single V
Single bevel
Single J
Single U*

8. Double bevel
Double V
Double J
Double U*

9. A butt welded butt joint*
A fillet welded butt joint*
A compound welded butt joint*

10. A butt welded T joint*
A fillet welded T joint*
A compound welded T joint*

11. A compound welded Lap joint*
A spot welded Lap joint*
A fillet welded Lap joint*

12. A butt welded Closed Corner joint*
A fillet welded Closed Corner joint*
A compound welded Closed Corner joint*

13. An outside fillet welded Open Corner joint*
An inside fillet welded Open Corner joint*
A double fillet welded Open Corner joint*

14. 1 2
43
A
B
A + B = Excess Weld Metal**
Weld Face*
Weld Width*
Design Throat Thickness*1.2.3.4. Weld Toes*
Fusion Boundary*
Fusion Zone*Weld Root*
HAZ*
Actual Throat Thickness*

15. Weld face*
Vertical Leg Length*
Horizontal Leg Length*
Design throat*
Actual throat*
Excess weld metal **

16. “s” = Effective throat thickness
sa
“a” = Nominal throat thickness
Deep throat fillet welds from FCAW & SAW etc*

17. *

18. 80°
20°
6 mm
3 mm*
Very Poor Weld Toe Blend Angle
Improved Weld Toe Blend Angle

19. Extremely poor toe blend, but excess weld metal is within limits*
It is also possible that the height of excess weld metal is within
the accepted limit of an applied standard, but the toe blend is
unacceptable, as shown below*
3 mm90°

20. Weld Sizing (Fillets): DTT. ATT. Excess weld metal. Leg length *
Weld Sizing (Butts): DTT. ATT. Excess weld metal.
Weldment Terms: Weld face & root. Fusion zone & boundary. HAZ.
Weld toes.Weld width
Preparation Terms: Bevel/included angle. Root face/gap. Land/Radius
Types of Preparation: Bevel’s. V’s. J’s. U’s. Single & Double Sided.
Types of Joint: Butt. T. Lap. Corner (Open & Closed)
Types of Weld: Butt. Fillet. Spot. Seam Plug. Slot. Edge.
Weld Preparation: Preparing a joint to allow access and fusion.
Joint: A Configuration of members
Weld: A Union of materials