This Presentation about Water Pollution parameter will help you to Enrich your knowledge and use it for your reference purpose

1. Water Pollution:
Contaminants and Testing Procedures
Presented by
M. Baranitharan
Computer Science and Engineering
Kings College of Engineering

2. What is Water Pollution?
• Water pollution - any
change in water quality
that harms humans or
other living organisms
or makes water
unsuitable for desired
uses.

3. Application: “The Mistake by the River”
Cuyahoga River in the
Fall ©Tom Jones
http://csudigitalhumanities.org/ex
hibits/items/show/1328

4. A Burning River?
The Plain Dealer File
http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/
kits/pollution/02history.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZA9OX2joUc&feature=r
elated

5. What are the sources of water pollution?
• Point Sources
– Can be traced back to one
particular origin
• Industrial Plants (Power,
Chemical, Waste Treatment)
• Drain pipes, Sewer Lines,
Underground Mines
• Nonpoint Sources
– Tend to be widespread with
many regions contributing to
the water pollution.
• Agricultural Runoff
• Stormwater Runoff (Roads and
Parking Lots)
Fig. 11-23, p. 260

6. Types of Contaminants
• Pathogens – Wastes from Humans and Animals
• Plant Nutrients – Nitrates & Phosphates
• Organics – Oil, Gasoline, Plastics, & Pesticides
• Inorganics – Salt, Metal Compounds
• Sediment – Total Suspended Solids
• Heavy Metals
• Thermal

7. Most Commonly Tested Parameters
• Temperature
• pH
• Nitrates
• Phosphates
• Dissolved Oxygen
• Turbidity
• Specific Conductivity
• Total Dissolved Solids
• Total Suspended Solids

8. Water Quality Index
Water Quality Index (WQI) is a measure of how polluted a body of water
actually is.
It can take many different parameters into consideration.
(6 parameters are typically used to calculate WQI)
Utilizes a weighting factor to differentiate between important parameters and
less-important parameters.
Q-Values are numbers that are given in a table and correlate to the level of
each parameter to characterize each on a scale of 0-100 (100 being best)

9. Water Quality Index
Test Result Q-Value Weight Factor Subtotal
Dissolved Oxygen 103.1% Sat. 0.17
Fecal Coliform 2 / 100mL 0.16
pH 7.59 0.11
BOD (5-day) 1.75 mg/l 0.11
Temperature 1°C 0.10
Phosphates .45 mg/l 0.10
Nitrates .6 mg/l 0.10
Turbidity 50 cm 0.08
Total WQI

10. Water Quality Index
Test Results Q-Value
Q-Value X
Weighting
Factor
Add all
Subtotals

11. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 0.3
Nitrate 1.75 0.2
Phosphate 0.3 0.2
pH 6.70 0.3
Totals

12. Water Quality Index
Dissolved Oxygen: % saturation = 90
1. In the DO column find the value equal to
90.
2. Write down the Q-Value to the right of that
number (Q-value = 95).

13. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 95 0.3 95 X 0.3 = 28.5
Nitrate 1.75 0.2
Phosphate 0.3 0.2
pH 6.70 0.3
Totals

14. Water Quality Index
Nitrate: 1.75 mg/L
1. In the Nitrate-N Column find the values
closest to 1.75. This number falls between 1.5
and 2 in this column
2. Since there is no value matching exactly to
1.75, estimate the Q-value between 92 and 90
(Q-value = 91).

15. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 95 0.3 28.5
Nitrate 1.75 91 0.2 91 X 0.2 = 18.2
Phosphate 0.3 0.2
pH 6.70 0.3
Totals

16. Water Quality Index
Phosphate: 0.3 mg/L

17. Water Quality Index
Phosphate: 0.3 mg/L
1. In the Total Phosphate column find the value
equal to 0.3 (similar to the dissolved oxygen).
2. Write down the Q-Value to the right of that
number (Q-value = 90).

18. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 95 0.3 28.5
Nitrate 1.75 91 0.2 18.2
Phosphate 0.3 90 0.2 90 X 0.2 = 18.0
pH 6.70 0.3
Totals

19. Water Quality Index
pH: 6.70
1. In the pH column find the values closest to
6.70. This number falls between 6 and 7.
2. Since there is no value matching exactly to
6.70, estimate the Q-value between 55 and 90
(Q-value = 81).

20. Water Quality Index
pH 6 7
Q-value 55 90

21. Water Quality Index
pH 6 6.5 7
Q-value 55 72.5 90
(55+90) / 2 = 72.5

22. Water Quality Index
pH 6 6.5 6.75 7
Q-value 55 72.5 81.25 90
(72.5+90) / 2 = 81.25

23. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 95 0.3 28.5
Nitrate 1.75 91 0.2 18.2
Phosphate 0.3 90 0.2 18.0
pH 6.70 81 0.3 81 X 0.3 = 24.3
Totals

24. Water Quality Index
Parameter Tested
Value
Q-Value Weighting
Factor
Calculation
Dissolved
Oxygen
90 95 0.3 28.5
Nitrate 1.75 91 0.2 18.2
Phosphate 0.3 90 0.2 18.0
pH 6.70 81 0.3 24.3
Totals 28.5 + 18.2 +
18.0 + 24.3
= 89.0

25. Water Quality Index
Water Quality Percentages
Excellent 90-100%
Good 70-90%
Medium 50-70%
Bad 25-50%
Very Bad 0-25%