Brick masonry involves laying bricks together using mortar. There are different brick bonds used to lay the bricks in structured patterns. English bond and Flemish bond are two common types of bonds. Bricks are manufactured through processes of shaping, drying and firing. Proper brick selection and testing ensures bricks have qualities like durability and strength. Skilled masons use tools to lay bricks according to bonding rules and orientations to construct sturdy brick walls.

1. UNIT 3
BRICK MASONRY
PRESENTED BY:
Ms LithaAnna Koshi
Asst. Prof
BTIRT
Sagar(M.P.)

2. OVERVIEW
 INTRODUCTION
 DEFINATION
 UNIQUENSS
 CHARACTERISTIC OF BRICK
 ADVANTAGE
 MANUFACTURNG
 TYPES
 SIZE
 JOINT
 TOOLS
 TECHNICALTERMS
 ORIENTATION
 RULES
 BOND
 CLASSIFICATION
 TESTS OF BRICK
 DEFECTS
 CONCLUSION

3.  Brick bonds are an essential part of
wall structure.
"brick" is a standard-sized weight-
bearing building unit.
Several bricks are laid together in
stacks.
Mortar paste is placed on top of
each to form a firm bond.
 are laid to form the structure.
There are different ways in which
bricks are termed as bonds.

4. WHAT IS BRICK-MASONARY
BRICK :- Brick is a building unit ,which is in the form
of rectangular block in which length to breadth ratio is
2 but height can be different.
MASONARY :-Construction of building unit bonded
together with mortar.
BRICK MASONRY:-The art of laying bricks in mortar
in a proper systematic manner gives homogeneous
mass which can withstand forces without
disintegration, called Brick masonry.

5. BRICK MASONRY-UNIQUENESS
 FIRE RESISTANCE
 SIZE
 DURABILITY
 WORAKABILITY
 ECONOMICAL

6. CHARACTERISTIC OF BRICKS
Brick will not burn, buckle or melt.
Brick will not rot and allow Termites to invade.
Brick will not rust and corrode.
Brick will not dent.
Brick will not fade from the Sun’s UV Rays.
Brick will not be damaged by high winds , rain or hail.
Brick will not require constant maintains.
Brick will not devalue.
Brick will not limit your personal expression.
Brick will not limit your design options.

7. ADVANTAGES OF BRICK MASONRY
 The Brick masonry is cheaper than
compared to stonemasonry.
 Bricks are of uniform size.
 Bricks are very workable .
 Brick blocks don’t need any dressing.
 Bricks are very light in weight.
 No complicatedlifting devices are
necessary in brickwork.
 There is no problem to its availability.
 They do not require transportation from
long distances.
 Brick work can be done by the less skilled
labours also.
 Bonding strength is very good and brick
work is more durable.

8. MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS

9. TYPES OF BRICKS MASONRY
Bricks Masonry
Brick work in
Brick work in mud
cement

10. BRICK WORK IN MUD
The mud is used to fill up the joints.
Thickness of the mortar joint is 12
mm.
Cheapest
Maximum height of wall is 4 m.

11. BRICK WORK IN CEMENT
 1st Class
 Cement of lime mortar is used.
 The surface and edges of bricks are sharp.
 The thickness of mortar joints doesn’t exceed 10mm
 2nd Class
 Ground moulded bricks are used.
 Bricks are rough and shape is slightly irregular.
 The thickness of mortar joint is 12mm.
 3rd Class
 Bricks are not hard ,rough surface with distorted
shape.
 Used for temporarystructures.
 Used in places where rainfall is not heavy.

12. SIZES OF BRICK

Nominal size :-A standard
metric brick has coordinating
dimensions of 225 x 112.5x 75
mm (9” x 4.5” x3”)
Architectural size :- Working
dimensions (actual
dimensions)of 215x 102.5 x 65
mm (8.5” x 4” x2.5”)

13. MASONRY JOINT
 Weathered joint :-Mortar joint has sloped
(downwards) edge.
 Concave joint :-Joint concave inwards.
 Vee joint :-Mortar joint is the form of V
.
 Flush joint :-Mortar joint is flush with the brick
surface.
 Raked joint :-A large portion of the mortar joint is
raked out not a safe ,impermeable joint.
 Stripped joint :- Amedium large portion of the mortar
joint is a safe permeable joint.
 Struck joint :-Mortar joint has aslope (upwards) edge.

14. TOOLS USED IN BRICK MASONRY
Trowel
Plumb bob
Hammer
Spirit level
Mason square
Steel tape

15. BRICK COURSES & CLOSURES
 QUEEN CLOSURE:Abrick cut in
half down its length.
KING CLOSURE : Abrick cut a
corner &joining middle pointsof
width and length of the brick.
THREE QUARTER BAT:A brick
cut to three-quarters of its length,
and laid with its long, narrow side
exposed.
HALFBAT:Abrick cut in half
across its width and laid in the wall
structure.
QUARTER BAT:Abrick cut to a
quarter of itslength.

16. ORIENTATION OF BRICKS
 STRETCHER: Abrick laid with
its long narrow side exposed.
 HEADER: Abrick laid flat with
its width at the face of the wall.
 SOLDIER: Abrick laid vertically
with the long narrow side of the
brick exposed.
 SAILOR: A brick laid vertically
with the broad face of the brick
exposed.

17. RULES FOR GOOD BRICK BONDING
Uniform in size.
Bricks arranged uniformly throughout the wall.
Bats are used as little as possible.
The bricks in the interiors of wall laid as headers, that
is, across the wall.
The lap not more than 2 and one-fourth(1/4) inches.
The vertical joints in every other course should be
vertically over one another.

18. BONDS IN BRICK-WORK
1. English bond.
2. Flemish bond.
3. Header bond.
4. Stretcher bond.
5. Facing bond.
6. English cross bond.
7. Brick on edgebond.
8. Dutch bond.
9. Raking bond.
10. Garden wall bond

19. FLEMISH-BOND
This bond has one stretcher
between headers, with the
headers centered over the
stretchers in the course below.
When a course begins with a
stretcher, the course will
ordinarily terminate with a
stretcher at the other end.
Brickwork that appears as
Flemish bond from both the
front and rear is Double Flemish
bond.

20. ENGLISH BOND
 Bricks are laid in alternate courses
of headers and stretchers.
 There is a chance of penetration of
damp through transverse joints.
 Queen closures are inserted next
to headers to produce overlap.
 English bonds are the strongest
but it is to be noted that the
continuous vertical joints are to be
avoided.
 Appearance is not as good as
Flemish bonds.

21. SUSSEX BOND
This bond has three
stretchers between every
header.
the headers are centered
above the midpoint of three
stretchers in the course
below.
Generally used as garden
walls and are relatively
cheaper than other bonds.

22. GARDEN-WALL BOND
 Used for 9 inchwall.
Used when a fair face is
required on both sides.
Wall is composed of three or
four courses of stretchers
alternating with one of
headers.
It is mostly used in
construction of gardenwall.

23. HEADER BOND
Heading or Header Bond is laid on
headers.
 Used for round quick sweeps .
Should never be used in straight
work as it is very week.
This bond is used for facing of
curved surface and footings in
foundations.

24. STRETCHER BOND
 Bricks are laid instretchers.
 Used in walls of half – brick in thickness.
 Due to its constant occurrence in the last position it is
also called Chimney Bond, Running Bond.
 This bond doesn’t develop proper internal bond.

25. QUALITIES OF GOOD BRICKS
1. Bricks should be uniform in shape &standard in size.
2. Bricks should give a clear metallic ringing sound when struck
with each other.
3. Bricks should show a bright homogeneous &free from voids.
4. Bricks should be well brunt and possess sharp edges.
5. Colour of the bricks should be uniform and bright.
6. Bricks should be sufficiently hard &no impression should be
left on bricks surface when scratched with finger nail.
7. Bricks should have crushing strength above 5.50N/mm”.
8. The bricks should not break when it dropped from a height of
about 1m.
9. The bricks should not absorb water more than 20% by weight
when soaked in cold water for 24 hrs.
10. The bricks should not show any deposits of white salts when
allowed to dry in shade.

26. CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS
 FIRST CLASS BRICKS :-
 This are tablemoulded.
 Surface &edges are sharp, square ,smooth , straight.
 Well brunt &have uniform texture ,metallic ringing when struck
against each other.
 Used for superiorwork.
 SECOND CLASS BRICKS :-
 This are ground moulded brick.
 Surface are rough.
 The quality of this bricks are inferior.
 THIRD CLASS BRICKS :-
 Thesurface &edges are rough.
 Does not create any metallic sound.
 Used for temporary &unimportantstructure.
 FOURTH CLASS BRICKS :-
 This bricks are over brunt.
 Irregular shape &darkcolour.
 Used in floor , foundation, roads.

27. TESTS FOR BRICKS
1) Absorption:- The brick should not absorb water more
than 20% of dryweight.
2) Crushing strength:- As per BIS 1077-1957 the minimum
crushing strength of bricksis 3.5 N/mm2
3) Hardness :- Brick is treated to be sufficient hard if no
impression could be made on the surface of the brick by
finger nail.
4) Soundness :- Two bricks when struck with each other
should emit metallic ringing sound.
5) Structure :- It should be homogeneous ,compact ,and
free from anydefects.
6) Shape &size :- Standard size (190 X 90 X 90 mm) and
shapes should be truly rectangular with sharp edges and
smooth surface.

28. DEFECTS IN BRICK MASONRY
Sulphate attack :- Sulphate salts present in bricks
work react with alumina content of cement .It occur in
boundary walls.
Crystallization of salts from bricks :- Occur in
masonry made out of brick which contain excessive
soluble salts.This phenomenon is also known as
efflorescence.
Corrosion of embedded iron or steel :- Iron or
steel embedded in brick work gets corroded in the
presence of dampness .On corrosion the metal
expands in volume and tends to crack the brick work.