Brick masonry provides fire resistance, durability, and strength due to its homogeneous mass when bricks are laid in mortar. There are different types of bonds that provide varying strength, with English bond being the strongest. Bricks must meet quality standards like being uniformly shaped, emitting a clear ringing sound when struck, and having low water absorption. Proper tools and techniques are used to lay bricks in bonds with headers, stretchers, and closures to reinforce the wall structure. Brick masonry walls can be constructed using various bonds and have advantages of low cost and availability of materials.

1. BRICK MASONARY
Prepared by
Er. Ankaj Kumar
Lecturer & Head
Civil Engg.Deptt.

2. INTRODUCTION
 BRICKS :-Brick is a building unit ,which is in the form
of rectangular block in which length to breadth ratio is
2 but height can be different.
 MASONARY :-Construction of building unit bonded
together with mortar.
 BRICK MASONRY:-The art of laying bricks in mortar
in a proper systematic manner gives homogeneous
mass which can withstand forces without
disintegration, called Brick masonry.

3. BRICK MASONARY

4. Brick Masonry-uniqueness
 FIRE RESISTANCE
 SIZE
 DURABILITY
 WORAKABILITY
 ECONOMICAL

5. Characteristic of bricks
 Brick will not burn, buckle or melt.
 Brick will not rot and allow Termites to invade.
 Brick will not rust and corrode.
 Brick will not dent.
 Brick will not fade from the Sun’s UV Rays.
 Brick will not be damaged by high winds , rain or hail.
 Brick will not require constant maintains.
 Brick will not devalue.
 Brick will not limit your personal expression.
 Brick will not limit your design options.

6. Advantages of Brick Masonry
 The Brick masonry is cheaper than compared to stone
masonry.
 Bricks are of uniform size.
 Bricks are very workable .
 Brick blocks don’t need any dressing.
 Bricks are very light in weight.
 No complicated lifting devices are necessary in brick work.
 There is no problem to its availability.
 They do not require transportation from long distances.
 Brick work can be done by the less skilled labours also.
 Bonding strength is very good and brick work is more
durable.

7. Manufacturing of Bricks

9. Types of Bricks used in Masonary Work
Traditional bricks –Length – 20 to 25 cm, Width – 10 to
13 cm, Height – 5 to 7.5 cm
common size – 23cm × 11.4cm × 7.6cm
Modular bricks –normal size – 20 × 10 × 10 cm
actual size – 19 × 9 × 9 cm
Bangladesh – 9.5 × 4.5 × 2.75 in
with mortar – 10 × 5 × 3 in

10. Types of Bricks Masonry

11. English Bond
 Bricks are laid in alternate courses of headers and
stretchers.
 There is a chance of penetration of damp through
transverse joints.
 Queen closures are inserted next to headers to produce
overlap.
 English bonds are the strongest but it is to be noted that
the continuous vertical joints are to be avoided.
 Appearance is not as good as Flemish bonds.

12. Flemish Bond
 This bond has one stretcher between headers, with the
headers centered over the stretchers in the course
below.
 When a course begins with a stretcher, the course will
ordinarily terminate with a stretcher at the other end.
 Brickwork that appears as Flemish bond from both the
front and rear is Double Flemish bond.

13. Header Bond
 Heading or Header Bond is laid on headers. Used for
round quick sweeps .
 Should never be used in straight work as it is very
week.
 This bond is used for facing of curved surface and
footings in foundations.

14. Stretcher Bond
 Bricks are laid in stretchers.
 Used in walls of half – brick in thickness.
 Due to its constant occurrence in the last position it is
also called Chimney Bond, Running Bond.
 This bond doesn’t develop proper internal bond.

16. Types of Bricks Masonary
 TYPES OF BRICKS MASONRY :
 Brick work in mud
 Brick work in cement

17. Brick Work In Mud
 The mud is used to fill up the joints.
 Thickness of the mortar joint is 12 mm.
 Cheapest
 Maximum height of wall is 4 m.

18. BRICK WORK IN CEMENT
 1st Class
 Cement of lime mortar is used.
 The surface and edges of bricks are sharp.
 The thickness of mortar joints doesn’t exceed 10mm
 2nd Class
 Ground moulded bricks are used.
 Bricks are rough and shape is slightly irregular.
 The thickness of mortar joint is 12 mm.
 3rd Class
 Bricks are not hard ,rough surface with distorted shape.
 Used for temporary structures.
 Used in places where rainfall is not heavy.

19. Tools used in Bricks Masonry
 Trowel
 Plumb bob
 Hammer
 Spirit level
 Mason square
 Steel tape

21. Bricks courses & closures
 QUEEN CLOSURE: A brick cut in half down its length.
 KING CLOSURE : A brick cut a corner & joining middle
points of width and length of the brick.
 THREE QUARTER BAT : A brick cut to three-quarters of its
length, and laid with its long, narrow side exposed.
 HALF BAT: A brick cut in half across its width and laid in
the wall structure.
 QUARTER BAT: A brick cut to a quarter of its length.

23. Orientation of Bricks
 STRETCHER: A brick laid with its long narrow side
exposed.
 HEADER: A brick laid flat with its width at the face of
the wall.

24. Rules for Good Brick Bonding
 Uniform in size.
 Bricks arranged uniformly throughout the wall.
 Bats are used as little as possible.
 The bricks in the interiors of wall laid as headers, that
is, across the wall.
 The lap not more than 2 and one-fourth(1/4) inches.
 The vertical joints in every other course should be
vertically over one another.

25. Qualities of Good Bricks
 Bricks should be uniform in shape & standard in size.
 Bricks should give a clear metallic ringing sound when struck with each
other.
 Bricks should show a bright homogeneous & free from voids.
 Bricks should be well brunt and possess sharp edges.
 Colour of the bricks should be uniform and bright.
 Bricks should be sufficiently hard & no impression should be left on
bricks surface when scratched with finger nail.
 Bricks should have crushing strength above 5.50N/mm”.
 The bricks should not break when it dropped from a height of about 1
m.
 The bricks should not absorb water more than 20% by weight when
soaked in cold water for 24 hrs.
 The bricks should not show any deposits of white salts when allowed to

26. CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS
 FIRST CLASS BRICKS :-
 This are table moulded.
 Surface & edges are sharp, square ,smooth , straight.
 Well brunt & have uniform texture ,metallic ringing when struck against each other.
 Used for superior work.
 SECOND CLASS BRICKS :-
 This are ground moulded brick.
 Surface are rough.
 The quality of this bricks are inferior.
 THIRD CLASS BRICKS :-
 The surface & edges are rough.
 Does not create any metallic sound.
 Used for temporary & unimportant structure.
 FOURTH CLASS BRICKS :-
 This bricks are over brunt.
 Irregular shape & dark colour.
 Used in floor , foundation, roads.

27. Test for Bricks
 Absorption:- The brick should not absorb water more than 20% of dry weight.
 Crushing strength:- As per BIS 1077-1957 the minimum crushing strength of
bricks is 3.5 N/mm2
 Hardness :- Brick is treated to be sufficient hard if no impression could be made on
the surface of the brick by finger nail.
 Soundness :- Two bricks when struck with each other should emit metallic ringing
sound.
 Structure :- It should be homogeneous ,compact ,and free from any defects.
 Shape & size :- Standard size (190 X 90 X 90 mm) and shapes should be truly
rectangular with sharp edges and smooth surface.

28. Defects in brick masonry
 Sulphate attack :- Sulphate salts present in bricks work
react with alumina content of cement .It occur in
boundary walls.
 Crystallization of salts from bricks :- Occur in
masonry made out of brick which contain excessive
soluble salts.This phenomenon is also known as
efflorescence.
 Corrosion of embedded iron or steel :- Iron or steel
embedded in brick work gets corroded in the presence of
dampness .On corrosion the metal expands in volume
and tends to crack the brick work.

29. Conclusion
 Masonry boasts an impressive compressive strength
(vertical loads) but is much lower in tensile strength
unless reinforced.
 Brick masonry increases the thermal mass of a
building and thereby resists fire.
 Masonry tends to be heavy and must be built upon a
strong foundation, such as reinforced concrete, to
avoid settling and cracking.

30. Any Questions ?

31. THANKS