This document provides an overview of brick masonry, including technical terms, tools used, types of bonds and joints, advantages, and defects. It defines header, stretcher, course, and other bricklaying terms. The tools used in brick masonry like trowel, plumb bob, and mason's square are described. English and Flemish bonds are explained through diagrams. Different types of joints including weathered, concave, and struck are also defined. Advantages of brick masonry include cost, bonding strength, durability, and fire resistance. Defects can include sulphate attack, crystallization of salts, and corrosion of embedded metals.

1. BRICK
MASONR
Y

2. OVERVIEW :
Introduction
Technical terms
Tools used
Types
Bond
Joints
Advantages
Defects

3. INTRODUCTION
Masonry
Construction of building units bonded together
with mortar.
Brick masonry
Construction of brick units bonded together with
mortar.

4. Technical terms used in brick masonry
•Header
Brick which is laid with its length perpendicular to the face of the
wall.
•Stretcher
Full brick which is laid with its length parallel to the face of the wall.
•Course
Horizontal layer of brick.
•Header course
Course of brick work fully composed of header
•Stretcher course
Course of brick work fully composed of stretchers.

5. 5
Header
Row lock
Stretcher
Soldier

6. 6
Basic Brickwork Terminology
Bed
Joint
Head
Joint
Course - horizontal layer of brick

7. Closer
Portion of brick cut in such a manner that one long face remains
uncut.
King closer
Brick is cut in such a way that the width of its end is half of full
brick.
Queen closer
Brick is half as wide as a full brick.
Half Bat
Portion of brick cut half across the width.
Bevelled closer
It is similar to king closer with the only difference that the whole
length of he brick is bevelled.

8. Half bat Queen
closer
King closer

9. Tools used
•Trowel
•Plumb bob
•Hammer
•Spirit level
•Mason square
•Steel tape

10. Mason Square

11. Plumb Bob

12. Steel tape

13. Types of
brick
masonry
•Brick work in mud.
•Brick work in cement.

14. Brick work in mud
•The mud is used to fill up the joints
•Thickness of the mortar joint is 12 mm.
•cheapest.
•Maximum height of wall is 4 m.

15. Brick work in cement
 I class
• Cement or lime mortar is used.
•The surfaces and edges of bricks are sharp.
•The thickness of mortar joints doesn’t exceed 10 mm.
 II class
•Ground moulded bricks are used .
•Bricks are rough and shape is slightly irregular.
•The thickness of mortar joint is 12 mm.
 III class
•Bricks are not hard , rough surface with distorted
shape.
•Used for temporary structures.
•Used in places where rainfall is not heavy.

16. 16
Mortar Functions
 Provides for full bearing
 Seals between masonry units
 bonds masonry units

17. 17
Brick Masonry - Uniqueness
 Fire Resistance
 Size
 Durability

18. BONDS
English bond
•In general practice this type of bond is used.
•It consists of alternate courses of headers
and stretchers .
•Considered as strongest bond in brick work
•For breaking vertical joints queen closer is
placed after first header

19. Header course
Stretchers course
Queen closer
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
ENGLISH BOND

20. Flemish bond
•Each course consists alternate headers
and stretchers.
•Not as strong as English bond.
•Alternate course starts with a header at
the corner.
•For breaking of vertical joints , closers
are inserted in alternate courses next to
the quoin header.

21. ISOMETRIC VIEW OF
FLEMISH BOND
Heade
r
Stretche
r

22.  Joint
 Weathered Joint: Mortar joint has sloped (downwards) edge.
 Concave joint: Joint concave inwards.
 Vee joint: mortar joint is in the form of a V.
 Flush Joint: Mortar joint is flush with the brick surfaces.
 Raked Joint: A large portion of the mortar joint is raked out -
Not a safe, impermeable joint.
 Struck Joint: Mortar joint has a sloped (upwards) edge.
JOINTS IN BRICK MASONRY

23. 23
Masonry Joints
Concave
Flush
Racked
Struck
Weathered
Vee

24. Advantages of brick masonry
The brick masonry is cheaper as compared to
stone masonry.
Bonding strength is very good.
In brick work , the mortar joints are thin and
hence the structure becomes more durable.
No complicated lifting devices are necessary in
brick work.
Brick work can be done by the less skilled
labours also.
In Brick work good quality of bricks posses good
fire resistance.
Due to regular size of bricks they are easy to
handle.

25. Defects in brick masonry
 Sulphate attack
Sulphate salts present in bricks work react with alumina content
of cement .
It occur in boundary walls
 Crystallization of salts from bricks
Occur in masonry made out of brick which contain excessive
soluble salts
This phenomenon is also known as efflorescence.
 Corrosion of embedded iron or steel
Iron or steel embedded in brick work gets corroded in the
presence of dampness
On corrosion the metal expands in volume and tends to crack the
brick work.

26. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
by Rangwala.
 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
by Sushil Kumar.
Civil Engineering - Building
materials and Construction by Dr. B.
Bhattacharjee( IIT Delhi )
 WIKIPEDIA THE FREE
ENCYCLOPEDIA