This document summarizes a study that used geomatics applications to identify suitable waste disposal sites for Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India. Spatial data layers like lineaments, soil, drainage networks, and surface water bodies were extracted from satellite imagery and maps. Potential new disposal sites were identified based on factors like transportation distance, hydrological parameters, and avoiding environmental impact. Four alternative safe locations for waste disposal were identified, considering environmental, physical, and socioeconomic factors, as an improvement over the existing landfill site.
Uitable waste disposal sites selection for in tumakuru city karnataka india u...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that used geomatics applications to identify suitable waste disposal sites in Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India. Spatial data layers like lineaments, soil, drainage networks, and surface water bodies were extracted from satellite imagery and maps. Alternative disposal sites were identified considering transportation distance, hydrological parameters, and potential environmental impacts. Four new sites were identified over the existing landfill site using remote sensing, GIS analysis, GPS surveys, and field verification. The study aimed to locate waste disposal sites that considered environmental, physical, and socioeconomic factors.
A MULTI–STAGE, MULTI CRITERIA APPROACH FOR SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE DESIGN A...IAEME Publication
Objectives: The main objective is to select proper site for landfill and its design and efficient management of solid waste in the study area. Methods/Analysis: The method and analysis includes the comparing of different landfill sites in various components such as soil, air, ground water parameters and propose the efficient landfill site and its suitable design. This also includes the implementing of various strategies in solid waste management. Findings: The projection of the population determined based on the present population. The waste generated for the future years is determined by the base of the waste generation at the current situation. The design of landfill and management of solid waste is based upon the above said parameters. The result of the research leads to the innovative selection of site and landfill design. Improvement: This research helps in better implantation of the efficient methods in solid waste collection throughout the city.
IRJET - Analysis of Land Degraded in Maitha Block of Kanpur Dehat District us...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes land degradation in Maitha Block of Kanpur Dehat district in Uttar Pradesh, India using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Satellite images from 2013 and 2016 were classified to map sodic (saline) land and waterlogged areas. The analysis found that sodic land decreased from 20.96 km2 to 16.32 km2 from 2013 to 2016, while waterlogged areas decreased from 2.9 km2 to 1.2 km2 over the same period. Overall, the total degraded land in the block increased from 25.96 km2 (8.6% of the area) in 2013 to 28.02 km2 (9.52% of the area) in 2016,
An Integrated Parametric Approach To Landfill Site Selection Fuzzy GIS-Based ...IJERA Editor
Landfill site selection in an urban area is a critical issue in the urban planning process because of enormous
impact on the economy, ecology, and the environmental health of the region with the growth of the
urbanization, larger amount of wastes are produced and unfortunately the problem gets bigger every day. A
selection of proper waste disposal site is a function of many parameters can be involved under the Environment,
Planning & Social Functions. GIS based mapping and subsequent image analysis is proposed to be done for
each of the correlating criteria for each parameter. The fuzzy multi criteria decision making (FMCDM) is used
to rank different land fill sites based on decisions given by a group of experts. The selected site can be further
confirmed through GIS application. This paper highlights the explained approach.
Assessing Climate Change Impact and Adptaion Measures in Surat, Gujarat, IndiaShahadat Hossain Shakil
This document summarizes climate impacts and resilience efforts in the city of Surat, India. It finds that Surat is experiencing rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns that are exacerbating flooding issues. Surat's population has doubled in recent decades, with many new migrants living in vulnerable slums. In response, Surat has implemented an early warning system, built green infrastructure, and established a climate resilience center to help address health impacts. Through partnerships between local government and organizations, Surat aims to build long-term climate resilience and adapt to current and future climate risks.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
IRJET- Change Detection and Prediction of Land Use and Land CoverIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS to detect changes in land use and land cover in Samastipur district, Bihar, India between 2011 and 2017. Satellite imagery from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 were classified using supervised classification, identifying five classes: settlement, forest, agriculture, waterbody, and open space. Analysis found settlement area increased 140.85 sq km from 2011-2017 while forest, agriculture, and waterbody areas decreased. Accuracy assessment showed overall classification accuracy above 80% for both time periods.
This document discusses analyzing and evaluating suitable sites for a textile wastewater treatment plant in Salem, India using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The study area experiences high population growth and economic development putting pressure on water resources. Textile industries in the area discharge wastewater containing dyes and chemicals. The document examines using GIS to select the best location for a treatment plant by evaluating factors like ground slope, land use, and proximity to rivers and roads to minimize environmental degradation. Spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS were used to classify suitable sites as good, moderate, or poorly suitable.
Uitable waste disposal sites selection for in tumakuru city karnataka india u...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that used geomatics applications to identify suitable waste disposal sites in Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India. Spatial data layers like lineaments, soil, drainage networks, and surface water bodies were extracted from satellite imagery and maps. Alternative disposal sites were identified considering transportation distance, hydrological parameters, and potential environmental impacts. Four new sites were identified over the existing landfill site using remote sensing, GIS analysis, GPS surveys, and field verification. The study aimed to locate waste disposal sites that considered environmental, physical, and socioeconomic factors.
A MULTI–STAGE, MULTI CRITERIA APPROACH FOR SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE DESIGN A...IAEME Publication
Objectives: The main objective is to select proper site for landfill and its design and efficient management of solid waste in the study area. Methods/Analysis: The method and analysis includes the comparing of different landfill sites in various components such as soil, air, ground water parameters and propose the efficient landfill site and its suitable design. This also includes the implementing of various strategies in solid waste management. Findings: The projection of the population determined based on the present population. The waste generated for the future years is determined by the base of the waste generation at the current situation. The design of landfill and management of solid waste is based upon the above said parameters. The result of the research leads to the innovative selection of site and landfill design. Improvement: This research helps in better implantation of the efficient methods in solid waste collection throughout the city.
IRJET - Analysis of Land Degraded in Maitha Block of Kanpur Dehat District us...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes land degradation in Maitha Block of Kanpur Dehat district in Uttar Pradesh, India using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Satellite images from 2013 and 2016 were classified to map sodic (saline) land and waterlogged areas. The analysis found that sodic land decreased from 20.96 km2 to 16.32 km2 from 2013 to 2016, while waterlogged areas decreased from 2.9 km2 to 1.2 km2 over the same period. Overall, the total degraded land in the block increased from 25.96 km2 (8.6% of the area) in 2013 to 28.02 km2 (9.52% of the area) in 2016,
An Integrated Parametric Approach To Landfill Site Selection Fuzzy GIS-Based ...IJERA Editor
Landfill site selection in an urban area is a critical issue in the urban planning process because of enormous
impact on the economy, ecology, and the environmental health of the region with the growth of the
urbanization, larger amount of wastes are produced and unfortunately the problem gets bigger every day. A
selection of proper waste disposal site is a function of many parameters can be involved under the Environment,
Planning & Social Functions. GIS based mapping and subsequent image analysis is proposed to be done for
each of the correlating criteria for each parameter. The fuzzy multi criteria decision making (FMCDM) is used
to rank different land fill sites based on decisions given by a group of experts. The selected site can be further
confirmed through GIS application. This paper highlights the explained approach.
Assessing Climate Change Impact and Adptaion Measures in Surat, Gujarat, IndiaShahadat Hossain Shakil
This document summarizes climate impacts and resilience efforts in the city of Surat, India. It finds that Surat is experiencing rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns that are exacerbating flooding issues. Surat's population has doubled in recent decades, with many new migrants living in vulnerable slums. In response, Surat has implemented an early warning system, built green infrastructure, and established a climate resilience center to help address health impacts. Through partnerships between local government and organizations, Surat aims to build long-term climate resilience and adapt to current and future climate risks.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
IRJET- Change Detection and Prediction of Land Use and Land CoverIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS to detect changes in land use and land cover in Samastipur district, Bihar, India between 2011 and 2017. Satellite imagery from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 were classified using supervised classification, identifying five classes: settlement, forest, agriculture, waterbody, and open space. Analysis found settlement area increased 140.85 sq km from 2011-2017 while forest, agriculture, and waterbody areas decreased. Accuracy assessment showed overall classification accuracy above 80% for both time periods.
This document discusses analyzing and evaluating suitable sites for a textile wastewater treatment plant in Salem, India using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The study area experiences high population growth and economic development putting pressure on water resources. Textile industries in the area discharge wastewater containing dyes and chemicals. The document examines using GIS to select the best location for a treatment plant by evaluating factors like ground slope, land use, and proximity to rivers and roads to minimize environmental degradation. Spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS were used to classify suitable sites as good, moderate, or poorly suitable.
Land Use/Cover change Evaluation of Gibe III Dam in Southern Ethiopia by ayel...Space science
This article is worked by Ayele Akirso Adugna when he was AAU Graguate class student for his course project of Natural resource Mapping and monitoring in the year 2020, In Ethiopia.
This document summarizes a study analyzing land use and land cover change in Kolar district, India between 1998 and 2002 using remote sensing data and Geographic Resources Decision Support System (GRDSS). Land cover analysis using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index showed a decrease in vegetation area of 16.46% between dates. Land use was classified into 5 categories and analysis indicated increases in built-up area (18.79%), plantation area (12.53%), and waste land (41.38%) between 1998 and 2002, with corresponding decreases in forest area and agriculture area. Taluk-wise land use percentages for the two dates are also provided in a table.
Assessment of Water Pollution of Water Bodies using GIS - A Reviewijtsrd
Quality and quantity of water bodies is considered main pillar for sustainable development. Assessment of surface water bodies is required for growing urban cities like Surat. Due to impact of urbanization, the surface water bodies of Surat City have been adversely affected. The main Scope of study is the qualitative classification of the Creek and Tapi River of Surat City based on the effective qualitative parameters in the Indian water standards for drinking purpose. The study focuses on spatial changes in surface water quality based on a combined examination of physical and chemical parameters.GIS is proper solution for analysing the useful information obtain from spatial and temporal data because this analysis extract information from the available spatial data which can be very helpful in the future decision making. To obtain spatial dissemination of surface water quality parameters (as COD, BOD, pH, DO, Turbidity, EC, TDS, TSS and Chloride), interpolating technique is used. Divya A. Lad | Dr. Mehali J. Mehta | Prof. Manisha P. Vashi"Assessment of Water Pollution of Water Bodies using GIS - A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10706.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/environment-engineering/10706/assessment-of-water-pollution-of-water-bodies-using-gis---a-review/divya-a-lad
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Environmental Impacts of Urban Growth From an Integrated Dynamic Perspective:...Kam Raju
This study examines the environmental impacts of urban growth in Hyderabad, India from 1981 to the present. Three key findings are discussed:
1. Hyderabad has experienced rapid urban expansion and population growth over this period, with the urban area increasing from 93.81 sq km and a population of 2545836 in 1981 to 824.36 sq km and 6809970 people in 2011.
2. This fast-paced urban growth and sprawl has caused negative environmental impacts like loss of agricultural land and wildlife habitat, increased temperatures from loss of vegetation, and rising pressure on water supplies.
3. To address these issues, the study recommends improving transportation infrastructure, removing encroachments,
This document discusses the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in forest management. It explains that GIS, along with technologies like GPS and remote sensing, allow forest managers to more accurately collect, analyze, and utilize spatial data. This helps with tasks like resource management, harvest planning, fire management, and map production. The document then provides examples of how GIS has been used specifically in strategic planning, modeling, and fire management. Overall, it argues that GIS is a valuable tool for aiding complex modern forest management.
Municipal solid waste landfill site selection in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropo...Premier Publishers
One of the threats to global environmental health is waste generation. Growth in population as well as rise in the quantity of municipal solid waste generated has made it difficult to locate appropriate site for waste disposal in most urban areas. Land filling is now accepted as the most widely used method for addressing this problem in all countries of the world. However, appropriate site selection for land filling is a problem in waste management and therefore needs to be addressed. This research sought to identify a suitable landfill site for waste disposal in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis of Ghana. To achieve this, Geographical Information System (GIS), Fuzzy Logic and Multi-criteria Evaluation (MCE) were applied in order to display and rank candidate sites. The analysis was limited to criteria that were selected and relevant to the area under investigation. The results obtained provide clear areas for landfill sites in the study area and finally arrives at suitable areas.
The document summarizes the transformation of ideologies in India from early post-independence to present times and how it has impacted urban planning and development. In the early years, Gandhian ideals of self-control, honesty, pride in poverty were prominent. Wealth generation and profit-making were seen negatively. However, after 1970s, economic liberalization led to a more self-centric, money-focused society obsessed with wealth accumulation and status displays. This has complex effects on urban areas. The author prescribes guidelines for reshaping cities in the current context, discussing a "city prosperity index" to help cities respond to local and global challenges.
This document outlines a thesis presentation on using GIS and remote sensing for flood risk management. It discusses flooding issues, the role of GIS and remote sensing in flood studies, and provides an introduction and literature review on relevant topics. The document then presents the study area, objectives, and methodology which involve analyzing land use/cover changes, identifying risk factors, and creating a flood risk map using analytic hierarchy process.
1. The document discusses geo-informatics and its use for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development through digital platforms like Digital Earth and Digital Asia.
2. Key applications mentioned include public participatory GIS, adaptation for climate change, monitoring glacial lakes, and early warning systems using sensor networks.
3. The Graduate School of Media and Governance at Keio University conducts research related to global innovation systems, security, and emerging crises through its Global Security Research Center.
Application of GIS and MODFLOW to Ground Water Hydrology- A ReviewIJERA Editor
This document provides a review of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the MODFLOW groundwater modeling package together for groundwater management and modeling applications. It discusses two main areas of application: (1) GIS-based subsurface flow and pollution modeling, including several case studies that developed groundwater models using GIS for input data management and output visualization; and (2) using GIS techniques to select sites for artificial groundwater recharge. The document concludes that integrating GIS with MODFLOW has great potential to improve groundwater monitoring and management in the future.
Evaluate pv panel performanc enhancement with matlabIAEME Publication
This document discusses enhancing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) panels through cooling. It presents an experiment where water was continuously sprayed on the front surface of PV panels using a fogger system. This helped decrease the panel surface temperature by 7-9°C per minute at peak solar irradiance. Data collected on a clear day in May 2015 showed the cooled panels generated 8350 watts of power at 12:10pm compared to 7286 watts from uncooled panels, despite both receiving the same solar irradiance. The study demonstrates that active water cooling can significantly increase PV panel output power by lowering the operating temperature.
This document discusses applications of data mining techniques to predict mesoscale weather events like tornadoes and cloudbursts. It summarizes previous research that applied data mining methods like neural networks, support vector machines, and clustering to weather prediction. For tornado prediction, studies developed spatiotemporal models to identify relationships between storm variables. Other research used mesocyclone detection algorithms and neural networks to predict tornadoes. For cloudburst prediction, clustering relative humidity and divergence from numerical models provided early formation indications. The document also briefly explains ensemble forecasting, which runs multiple forecasts from slightly different initial conditions to sample forecast uncertainty.
1) The document describes a smart home system implemented using a wireless sensor network and service robot based on Zigbee technology.
2) The system integrates various sensors to monitor temperature, light, humidity, and gas levels. It uses a service robot for picking and placing operations.
3) Sensor data is transmitted wirelessly via Zigbee and the system activates responses like turning on fans or lights when thresholds are exceeded to make the home intelligent and automated.
Evaluation of curing behavior of tetra functional epoxy resin with methyl nad...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes research evaluating the curing behavior of a tetra-functional epoxy resin synthesized from 4,4’-diaminodiphenylether and epichlorohydrin when cured with methyl nadic anhydride (MNA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized resin. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis evaluated the curing behavior and thermal properties. DSC showed maximum curing rate at 177°C and the cured resin had a glass transition temperature of 197°C. TGA showed a two-step degradation process with an onset temperature of 350°C and char yield of 22% at 800°C
Value engineering in residential house constructionIAEME Publication
This document discusses the application of value engineering techniques in residential house construction projects. It begins with defining value engineering as systematically identifying the functions of a product or service and delivering those functions reliably at the lowest overall cost. The document then outlines the benefits of value engineering, including cost reduction, time savings, and quality improvement. It describes the typical job plan process for a value engineering study, which involves information gathering, creative idea generation, idea evaluation, development of alternatives, and recommendations. Finally, it states that value engineering is an effective approach that should be understood and accepted at all levels of project management in order to achieve whole-life value for construction projects.
The document summarizes an experimental investigation of a vortex tube refrigeration system based on compressed air. The vortex tube produces cold and hot air streams from a single source of compressed air without moving parts or environmental impact. Key parameters that affect vortex tube operation are classified as geometrical (dimensions) or thermo-physical (pressure, gas type). An experimental setup is designed to investigate the effect of varying the diameter and length of the main tube, outlet orifice shape and diameter, and inlet pressure, gas, cold gas ratio, and moisture. Results show temperature difference increases with inlet pressure and number of inlet nozzles. Insulation also increases temperature separation.
This study investigated the properties of concrete with manufactured sand as a replacement for natural sand. Various percentages of manufactured sand replacement (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%) were tested for two concrete grades (M20 and M30). The workability was found to decrease as the manufactured sand replacement increased due to its higher water absorption. The 60% replacement showed a 20% increase in compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength compared to the control mixes. Specimens treated with 5% hydrochloric acid showed that the 60% replacement mix provided good durability. The results indicate that manufactured sand has potential to replace natural sand in concrete up to 60% without compromising strength and durability.
Behaviour of steel staggered truss system under seismic loadingIAEME Publication
This document analyzes the behavior of an 8-story steel staggered truss system under seismic loading using ETABS software. It models 3 different structural configurations - two with different arrangements of hybrid and open-web trusses, and one with a normal steel frame. The models are subjected to the 1940 El Centro earthquake ground motion record in a time history analysis. Results such as storey displacements are obtained and compared to evaluate the seismic performance of the different structural systems.
This document summarizes an article on automatic document clustering. It discusses how documents are preprocessed using techniques like tokenization, stop word removal, and stemming before being clustered. Clustering algorithms group similar documents together based on similarity metrics like TF-IDF. Documents can be searched by name, extension, or keywords to retrieve them from the clustered storage in a faster and more organized manner. Future work may include clustering multimedia files and improving algorithm performance.
1. The document describes a resolution enhancement technique for noisy medical images using a sparse representation method.
2. It begins with denoising the low-resolution input image using total variation to remove noise while preserving edges.
3. It then performs super resolution on each image patch by finding the sparse nonnegative linear representation of the denoised low-resolution patch over patches in a database of high and low-resolution image pairs.
Land Use/Cover change Evaluation of Gibe III Dam in Southern Ethiopia by ayel...Space science
This article is worked by Ayele Akirso Adugna when he was AAU Graguate class student for his course project of Natural resource Mapping and monitoring in the year 2020, In Ethiopia.
This document summarizes a study analyzing land use and land cover change in Kolar district, India between 1998 and 2002 using remote sensing data and Geographic Resources Decision Support System (GRDSS). Land cover analysis using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index showed a decrease in vegetation area of 16.46% between dates. Land use was classified into 5 categories and analysis indicated increases in built-up area (18.79%), plantation area (12.53%), and waste land (41.38%) between 1998 and 2002, with corresponding decreases in forest area and agriculture area. Taluk-wise land use percentages for the two dates are also provided in a table.
Assessment of Water Pollution of Water Bodies using GIS - A Reviewijtsrd
Quality and quantity of water bodies is considered main pillar for sustainable development. Assessment of surface water bodies is required for growing urban cities like Surat. Due to impact of urbanization, the surface water bodies of Surat City have been adversely affected. The main Scope of study is the qualitative classification of the Creek and Tapi River of Surat City based on the effective qualitative parameters in the Indian water standards for drinking purpose. The study focuses on spatial changes in surface water quality based on a combined examination of physical and chemical parameters.GIS is proper solution for analysing the useful information obtain from spatial and temporal data because this analysis extract information from the available spatial data which can be very helpful in the future decision making. To obtain spatial dissemination of surface water quality parameters (as COD, BOD, pH, DO, Turbidity, EC, TDS, TSS and Chloride), interpolating technique is used. Divya A. Lad | Dr. Mehali J. Mehta | Prof. Manisha P. Vashi"Assessment of Water Pollution of Water Bodies using GIS - A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10706.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/environment-engineering/10706/assessment-of-water-pollution-of-water-bodies-using-gis---a-review/divya-a-lad
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Environmental Impacts of Urban Growth From an Integrated Dynamic Perspective:...Kam Raju
This study examines the environmental impacts of urban growth in Hyderabad, India from 1981 to the present. Three key findings are discussed:
1. Hyderabad has experienced rapid urban expansion and population growth over this period, with the urban area increasing from 93.81 sq km and a population of 2545836 in 1981 to 824.36 sq km and 6809970 people in 2011.
2. This fast-paced urban growth and sprawl has caused negative environmental impacts like loss of agricultural land and wildlife habitat, increased temperatures from loss of vegetation, and rising pressure on water supplies.
3. To address these issues, the study recommends improving transportation infrastructure, removing encroachments,
This document discusses the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in forest management. It explains that GIS, along with technologies like GPS and remote sensing, allow forest managers to more accurately collect, analyze, and utilize spatial data. This helps with tasks like resource management, harvest planning, fire management, and map production. The document then provides examples of how GIS has been used specifically in strategic planning, modeling, and fire management. Overall, it argues that GIS is a valuable tool for aiding complex modern forest management.
Municipal solid waste landfill site selection in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropo...Premier Publishers
One of the threats to global environmental health is waste generation. Growth in population as well as rise in the quantity of municipal solid waste generated has made it difficult to locate appropriate site for waste disposal in most urban areas. Land filling is now accepted as the most widely used method for addressing this problem in all countries of the world. However, appropriate site selection for land filling is a problem in waste management and therefore needs to be addressed. This research sought to identify a suitable landfill site for waste disposal in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis of Ghana. To achieve this, Geographical Information System (GIS), Fuzzy Logic and Multi-criteria Evaluation (MCE) were applied in order to display and rank candidate sites. The analysis was limited to criteria that were selected and relevant to the area under investigation. The results obtained provide clear areas for landfill sites in the study area and finally arrives at suitable areas.
The document summarizes the transformation of ideologies in India from early post-independence to present times and how it has impacted urban planning and development. In the early years, Gandhian ideals of self-control, honesty, pride in poverty were prominent. Wealth generation and profit-making were seen negatively. However, after 1970s, economic liberalization led to a more self-centric, money-focused society obsessed with wealth accumulation and status displays. This has complex effects on urban areas. The author prescribes guidelines for reshaping cities in the current context, discussing a "city prosperity index" to help cities respond to local and global challenges.
This document outlines a thesis presentation on using GIS and remote sensing for flood risk management. It discusses flooding issues, the role of GIS and remote sensing in flood studies, and provides an introduction and literature review on relevant topics. The document then presents the study area, objectives, and methodology which involve analyzing land use/cover changes, identifying risk factors, and creating a flood risk map using analytic hierarchy process.
1. The document discusses geo-informatics and its use for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development through digital platforms like Digital Earth and Digital Asia.
2. Key applications mentioned include public participatory GIS, adaptation for climate change, monitoring glacial lakes, and early warning systems using sensor networks.
3. The Graduate School of Media and Governance at Keio University conducts research related to global innovation systems, security, and emerging crises through its Global Security Research Center.
Application of GIS and MODFLOW to Ground Water Hydrology- A ReviewIJERA Editor
This document provides a review of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the MODFLOW groundwater modeling package together for groundwater management and modeling applications. It discusses two main areas of application: (1) GIS-based subsurface flow and pollution modeling, including several case studies that developed groundwater models using GIS for input data management and output visualization; and (2) using GIS techniques to select sites for artificial groundwater recharge. The document concludes that integrating GIS with MODFLOW has great potential to improve groundwater monitoring and management in the future.
Evaluate pv panel performanc enhancement with matlabIAEME Publication
This document discusses enhancing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) panels through cooling. It presents an experiment where water was continuously sprayed on the front surface of PV panels using a fogger system. This helped decrease the panel surface temperature by 7-9°C per minute at peak solar irradiance. Data collected on a clear day in May 2015 showed the cooled panels generated 8350 watts of power at 12:10pm compared to 7286 watts from uncooled panels, despite both receiving the same solar irradiance. The study demonstrates that active water cooling can significantly increase PV panel output power by lowering the operating temperature.
This document discusses applications of data mining techniques to predict mesoscale weather events like tornadoes and cloudbursts. It summarizes previous research that applied data mining methods like neural networks, support vector machines, and clustering to weather prediction. For tornado prediction, studies developed spatiotemporal models to identify relationships between storm variables. Other research used mesocyclone detection algorithms and neural networks to predict tornadoes. For cloudburst prediction, clustering relative humidity and divergence from numerical models provided early formation indications. The document also briefly explains ensemble forecasting, which runs multiple forecasts from slightly different initial conditions to sample forecast uncertainty.
1) The document describes a smart home system implemented using a wireless sensor network and service robot based on Zigbee technology.
2) The system integrates various sensors to monitor temperature, light, humidity, and gas levels. It uses a service robot for picking and placing operations.
3) Sensor data is transmitted wirelessly via Zigbee and the system activates responses like turning on fans or lights when thresholds are exceeded to make the home intelligent and automated.
Evaluation of curing behavior of tetra functional epoxy resin with methyl nad...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes research evaluating the curing behavior of a tetra-functional epoxy resin synthesized from 4,4’-diaminodiphenylether and epichlorohydrin when cured with methyl nadic anhydride (MNA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized resin. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis evaluated the curing behavior and thermal properties. DSC showed maximum curing rate at 177°C and the cured resin had a glass transition temperature of 197°C. TGA showed a two-step degradation process with an onset temperature of 350°C and char yield of 22% at 800°C
Value engineering in residential house constructionIAEME Publication
This document discusses the application of value engineering techniques in residential house construction projects. It begins with defining value engineering as systematically identifying the functions of a product or service and delivering those functions reliably at the lowest overall cost. The document then outlines the benefits of value engineering, including cost reduction, time savings, and quality improvement. It describes the typical job plan process for a value engineering study, which involves information gathering, creative idea generation, idea evaluation, development of alternatives, and recommendations. Finally, it states that value engineering is an effective approach that should be understood and accepted at all levels of project management in order to achieve whole-life value for construction projects.
The document summarizes an experimental investigation of a vortex tube refrigeration system based on compressed air. The vortex tube produces cold and hot air streams from a single source of compressed air without moving parts or environmental impact. Key parameters that affect vortex tube operation are classified as geometrical (dimensions) or thermo-physical (pressure, gas type). An experimental setup is designed to investigate the effect of varying the diameter and length of the main tube, outlet orifice shape and diameter, and inlet pressure, gas, cold gas ratio, and moisture. Results show temperature difference increases with inlet pressure and number of inlet nozzles. Insulation also increases temperature separation.
This study investigated the properties of concrete with manufactured sand as a replacement for natural sand. Various percentages of manufactured sand replacement (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%) were tested for two concrete grades (M20 and M30). The workability was found to decrease as the manufactured sand replacement increased due to its higher water absorption. The 60% replacement showed a 20% increase in compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength compared to the control mixes. Specimens treated with 5% hydrochloric acid showed that the 60% replacement mix provided good durability. The results indicate that manufactured sand has potential to replace natural sand in concrete up to 60% without compromising strength and durability.
Behaviour of steel staggered truss system under seismic loadingIAEME Publication
This document analyzes the behavior of an 8-story steel staggered truss system under seismic loading using ETABS software. It models 3 different structural configurations - two with different arrangements of hybrid and open-web trusses, and one with a normal steel frame. The models are subjected to the 1940 El Centro earthquake ground motion record in a time history analysis. Results such as storey displacements are obtained and compared to evaluate the seismic performance of the different structural systems.
This document summarizes an article on automatic document clustering. It discusses how documents are preprocessed using techniques like tokenization, stop word removal, and stemming before being clustered. Clustering algorithms group similar documents together based on similarity metrics like TF-IDF. Documents can be searched by name, extension, or keywords to retrieve them from the clustered storage in a faster and more organized manner. Future work may include clustering multimedia files and improving algorithm performance.
1. The document describes a resolution enhancement technique for noisy medical images using a sparse representation method.
2. It begins with denoising the low-resolution input image using total variation to remove noise while preserving edges.
3. It then performs super resolution on each image patch by finding the sparse nonnegative linear representation of the denoised low-resolution patch over patches in a database of high and low-resolution image pairs.
The document describes the development of an expert system for computer-aided design of full hydrodynamic journal bearings. It uses Raimondi and Boyd charts and tables to provide design guidelines based on load, clearance, lubricant properties, and other variables. The system represents knowledge as rules to infer design parameters like temperature rise, film thickness, stability, and optimize for maximum load and minimum friction. It aims to make the design process more efficient by avoiding time-consuming use of charts and tables.
This document describes a study that generated and verified VHDL code for a modified repetitive controller to control a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) power quality conditioner. The controller is designed to limit fault current during downstream faults and compensate for voltage sags, harmonics, and imbalances. The MATLAB HDL Coder was used to generate VHDL code from a MATLAB model of the repetitive controller. The generated code was then verified in the Modelsim simulator, demonstrating the controller design's hardware compatibility for implementation in an FPGA. The repetitive controller incorporates a feedforward term for fast response and feedback term to ensure zero steady-state error. A logic circuit detects downstream faults by monitoring load current.
1. The document discusses improving the quality of service in GSM networks by optimizing radio frequency parameters to improve the handover success rate. It describes how handover works in cellular networks and why failures can occur.
2. Key performance indicators for GSM networks are identified including call setup success rate, call drop rate, and handover success rate. Maintaining high handover success is important for quality of service.
3. Different types of handover are described including hard handover, soft handover, and intra-frequency and inter-frequency handovers. Factors that can influence handover success are also outlined.
A 3 player iterative game to design power system stabilizer that enhances sma...IAEME Publication
This document presents an approach to tune the parameters of power system stabilizers (PSS) using an iterative 3-player prisoner's dilemma game to improve small signal stability. The key steps are:
1) A 16-machine test system is modeled and optimal PSS locations are determined using participation factors.
2) A two-stage PSS model is designed and its parameters (gain and time constants) are formulated as an optimization problem to minimize eigenvalues and maximize damping.
3) A 3-player iterative prisoner's dilemma game is used to tune the PSS parameters by defining the interrelations between inputs and outputs as a payoff matrix.
4) Simulation results show the proposed iterative prisoner's dilemma approach
The document describes an experimental and numerical study to enhance heat transfer on a heat exchanger using an air flow with water droplets and Al2O3/water nanofluid. The study used a test rig with an instrumented air duct to inject water droplets via nozzles toward a finned tube heat exchanger. Experiments tested different nozzle types, droplet locations, air/water flow rates and temperatures. Numerical analysis using ANSYS FLUENT modeled the governing equations to study parameter effects. Results showed maximum heat transfer enhancement of 45% occurred at a 2% nanofluid concentration with sprayed air, agreeing within 11% of experimental data.
This document summarizes the synthesis of tris(4-((E)-2-nitro-3-(phenylamino)prop-1-enyl)phenyl)amine from a Baylis–Hillman adduct. Specifically, it details the reaction of tris(4-((E)-3-bromo-2-nitroprop-1-enyl)phenyl)amine with aniline to yield the target compound in 95% yield. The synthesis demonstrates the utility of bromo derivatives of Baylis–Hillman adducts as intermediates for generating novel trisubstituted triallylamines. Characterization of the product by NMR spectroscopy is also discussed.
1. The document describes the growth of (E)-2-nitro-3-phenylallyl hydrogen sulfate crystals using Baylis–Hillman derivatives.
2. The crystals were successfully grown using a low temperature solution growth method and characterized through techniques like X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction.
3. These characterization techniques were used to analyze the crystal structure and confirm the identity and purity of the synthesized compound.
An Experimental Study to Assess Vermicomposting by using Vegetable Waste an...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on vermicomposting using vegetable and fruit waste. The study assessed parameters like temperature, pH, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and germination rates during the vermicomposting process over 30 days. International standards were followed and earthworms effectively converted the organic waste into nutrient-rich vermicompost. A total of 13.258 kg of vermicompost was produced, demonstrating the potential of vermicomposting to treat food waste. The study concluded that vermicomposting is an effective waste management strategy that produces a stable and mature compost suitable for soil application.
This document summarizes a study of the municipal solid waste management system in Meerut City, Uttar Pradesh, India. It finds that the total waste generation has increased 56% from 554 metric tonnes per day in 2006 to 865 metric tonnes per day in 2019. Per capita waste generation has also risen from 0.46 kg to 0.53 kg per day over this period. Waste collection is done door-to-door but is inefficient, and most households mix waste types. The entire waste collected is dumped in landfills outside the city without treatment, polluting air, land and water. There is a lack of adequate infrastructure like waste collection vehicles and staffing for effective solid waste management.
ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING OF WASTELAND CHANGES IN BANDA DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADES...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes changes in wasteland in the Banda district of Uttar Pradesh, India between 2003-2004 and 2021-2022 using remote sensing and GIS technology. The key findings are:
1) The total area of wasteland decreased from 393.45 sq km (8.915% of the geographical area) in 2003-2004 to 103.04 sq km (2.33% of the geographical area) in 2021-2022.
2) Gullied or ravenous land saw the largest decrease, dropping from 220.88 sq km to 57.62 sq km.
3) Land with dense scrub and barren rocky/stony waste also decreased substantially.
4
Study of Muncipal Solid Waste Management Scenario of Kadapa CityIJERA Editor
This document discusses municipal solid waste management in Kadapa City, India. It provides background on solid waste generation and management. Specifically:
- Kadapa generates approximately 206 tons of solid waste per day currently. Domestic waste from households accounts for around 45% of total waste.
- The total waste generated is projected to increase to 353 tons per day by 2031 as consumption increases with population and economic growth.
- The current solid waste management system in Kadapa faces deficiencies like lack of financial resources and management skills to handle the large and changing quantities and types of waste. Proper planning and resources are needed to improve the system.
The primary source of water is rainfall for the generation of runoff over the land
surface. Runoff or overland flow is the flow of water that occurs when excess storm
water flows over the earth's surface. Satellite remote sensing and GIS techniques
coupled with conventional filed investigations were used for mapping of land use/land
cover (LU/LC) features of the Mini Watershed of Pedda Kedari reserve forest towards
estimating the runoff of the Mini watershed. The SCS-CN method (SCS, 1985) method
involves the use of a simple empirical formula and readily available tables and curves.
Determination of SCS curve number depends on the soil and land cover conditions,
which the model represents as hydrologic soil group, cover type, treatment and
hydrologic condition. Soils are classified into hydrologic soil groups (HSG) to indicate
the minimum rate of infiltration obtained for bare soil after prolonged wetting.
Runoff computed from a given rainfall event was integrated with the data of land
use treatment, curve numbers and hydrological soil groups by using SCS-CN method.
The estimated runoff contributes more than 37% of total rainfall received in the study
area. The suitable locations of rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge structures
are suggested to increase the groundwater levels for sustainable development of water
resources in the Mini watershed of Pedda Kedari Reserve Forest.
This study analyzed the municipal solid waste management practices in the Mirpur area of Dhaka City, Bangladesh using GIS. It found that about 353.34 tons of solid waste is generated per day in the study area, with most waste coming from residential sources. Currently, 41 waste collection bins collect about 57.43% of the waste, with the rest illegally dumped. 15 illegal dumping sites were identified. The study used GIS to propose optimizing the number and locations of waste collection bins to improve waste collection efficiency to 93.68%. GIS was found to be an efficient tool for studying appropriate dumping site selection and routing to facilitate waste management decision making.
This document summarizes a study that assesses flood risk in Ambala City, India using geospatial modeling. The study analyzed natural and human factors contributing to flooding. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to model flood risk for different return periods using hydrologic and hydraulic models. Model results showed increasing flood inundation areas from 690 to 2300 hectares with return periods from 2 to 20 years. The 5-year flood extent was validated using remote sensing imagery and field data from a 2010 flood. The flood risk modeling can help urban planners make risk-informed land use and development decisions to mitigate flooding impacts.
Detecting Urban Change of Salem City of Tamil Nadu, India from 1990 to 2010 U...drboon
This document summarizes a study that analyzed urban change in Salem City, Tamil Nadu, India from 1990 to 2010 using geospatial technology. Satellite images from 1990 and 2010 were classified to map land use and detect changes. The results showed moderate urban growth, with expansion towards suburban areas likely due to lower land costs and proximity to industries. Specific land use changes included increases in mining, tanks, scrub forest, commercial/industrial areas, suburban areas, and roads. NDVI and principal component analyses helped validate changes in vegetation and identify new urban areas. Overall, the study highlights how remote sensing can effectively monitor urban development and inform planning.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document discusses the use of geoinformatics techniques to map and identify wastelands in Chitradurga District, Karnataka, India. The study utilized geospatial tools including topographic maps, satellite imagery from IRS-1D PAN+LISS III, and Google Earth. Vegetation, forest cover, lithological formations, soil types, and land use/land cover maps were generated to identify and delineate different categories of wastelands. The mapping found that the major causes of wasteland formation were unscientific agricultural practices and deforestation. The wasteland database provides spatial information to aid in planning sustainable reclamation and development strategies.
Sand mining management and its environmental impact in cauvery and kabini riv...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research study on sand mining in the Cauvery and Kabini river basins in Mysore District, Karnataka, India. The study used remote sensing and GIS techniques to evaluate the impacts of sand mining and environmental management. It found that uncontrolled and illegal sand mining is causing significant environmental damage through activities like digging trenches in riverbeds and extracting sand beyond permitted levels. This is altering river courses and affecting irrigation. The study highlights the need for sustainable sand mining and a balanced approach considering economic, social and environmental factors to minimize adverse impacts on river environments.
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to identify suitable alternative landfill sites for waste disposal around Mysore City, India. Seven new potential landfill sites were identified based on factors like soil type, lineaments, topography, land use, and distance from habitations and water bodies. The existing landfill site is located within a high risk core zone above a major lineament, potentially contaminating groundwater. The newly identified sites are located in the buffer zone in areas with clay-rich soils and gentle slopes, avoiding major lineaments and water resources to help ensure environmental protection.
Urbanization is increasing the proportion of people living in cities and is occurring as people migrate from rural to urban areas. The study analyzes the impact of urbanization on water resources in the eastern part of Hyderabad, India using satellite imagery and other data. It finds that urban area increased by over 100 sq km from 2009 to 2016 while water bodies and forest cover significantly decreased. Though rainfall was generally above normal, groundwater levels continued to drop, indicating less recharge due to increased concretization leaving little space for infiltration. The study concludes urbanization is reducing natural resources and increasing pressure on water supplies in the study area.
The document discusses the application of geospatial technologies in agriculture. It provides examples of how remote sensing, GIS, and GPS technologies can be used to map soil variability, detect crop health issues, monitor pests and diseases, and enable precision farming. These tools provide spatial data and analysis that can improve decision making around irrigation, fertilizer application, pest management, and more. When integrated, geospatial technologies provide valuable information to farmers and agricultural managers.
This document discusses urban green space planning for climate adaptation in Indian cities. It highlights that urban green spaces can act as a cost-effective measure for climate adaptation. It recommends best practices for green space planning, including using landscape ecology approaches to connect green space patches with corridors to maintain ecological connectivity. Green space planning should aim to meet both environmental and social needs, such as providing accessible green spaces to improve urban residents' quality of life. The document proposes guidelines for urban planners on green space planning to build climate resilience in Indian cities using integrated approaches.
Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Classification through Geospatial Approach:...Premier Publishers
Earth's land use/land cover (LC/LU) classification provides valuable information particularly on natural resources, mapping and its monitoring. There is a significant change on LC/LU across the globe due to the climatic changes, rapid increase in population and over demand of economic natural resources. Remote Sensing (RS) satellite data with its synoptic view and multispectral data provides essential information in proper planning of LU/LC conditions of larger areas. The study aims to map and monitor the existing LU/LC classification scientifically using geospatial tools in database generation, analyses and information extraction. Thematic maps of the study area are prepared using satellite images in conjunction with collateral data Survey of India (SoI) toposheets, forest and wasteland maps. An attempt have been made to delineate the Level-I, Level-II and Level-III LU/LC classification system through NRSC guidelines (2011) using both Digital Image Processing (DIP) and Visual Image Interpretation Techniques (VIIT) by GIS software’s with limited Ground Truth Check (GTC). More accurate classification is observed in case of digital technique as compared to that of visual technique in terms of area statistics. The final results highlight the potentiality of geospatial technique in optimal and sustainable land use planning of natural resource and its management.
Waste management using gis and remote sensingAglaia Connect
Remote sensing and GIS techniques can help address many challenges in municipal solid waste management. The document discusses how these techniques provide important data for tasks like locating waste bins and tracking waste collection trucks. Case studies from around the world demonstrate that remote sensing and GIS have been used to develop optimal waste collection routes, select appropriate sites for landfills and waste treatment plants, and evaluate land usage and environmental impacts. When integrated with other data sources, these techniques can improve waste management decision making and make systems more efficient.
Analytical Study of Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics at Deonar Dumping Y...ijtsrd
Waste management is an international sensation, rising population, industrialization and urbanization are accountable to produce a tremendous amount of waste. Todays daily waste generation rate is about 760,000 tons. By 2025, this rate will be increased to about 1.8 million tons per day. These approximations are conservative the real values are probably double of this amount. 1 The estimated municipal solid waste generation by 8 Municipal Corporations and 9 Municipal Councils in Mumbai Metropolitan Region MMR cumulatively generate more than 10,000 metric tons of solid waste per day. Due to growth in population, industrialization and urbanization, the generation of solid waste has increased frighteningly. There is a high need for systematic management of municipal solid waste and for that understanding of characteristics play a vital role in it. In these research paper characteristics of Deonar dumping, yard has been studied on pre monsoon and post monsoon bases and encounter that, it contained some amount of organic and recyclable part, which if managed well, will reduce the load on dumping yard considerably. Dabhi Jagrutiben | Abhay Shelar ""Analytical Study of Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics at Deonar Dumping Yard in Mumbai Region, Maharashtra, India"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23333.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/environment-engineering/23333/analytical-study-of-municipal-solid-waste-characteristics-at-deonar-dumping-yard-in-mumbai-region-maharashtra-india/dabhi-jagrutiben
IRJET- Geomatics Model of Soil Erosion in Chittar Sub-Watersed, Vamanapuram R...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study that used GIS tools and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to model soil erosion in the Chittar Sub-watershed of the Vamanapuram River basin in Kerala, India. The RUSLE factors of rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, crop management, and conservation practices were derived from remote sensing data and rainfall records. The results showed that 3.9% of the watershed area had no erosion risk, while 77% had low erosion risk. Areas of moderate to very high erosion risk made up the remaining area, with very high risk zones accounting for 1.2% of the basin. The maximum predicted annual
The document discusses modern waste management techniques. It defines waste and waste management. Some key techniques discussed include recycling, composting, vermicomposting, landfilling, incineration, bioremediation, waste-to-energy, and using remote sensing and GIS. Recycling techniques in different countries are mentioned. Composting and vermicomposting reduce environmental impacts and enrich soil nutrients. Landfilling and incineration can produce energy from methane and heat. Bioremediation and waste-to-energy are more environmentally friendly. Remote sensing and GIS help identify suitable waste disposal sites. The conclusion discusses how these techniques can create a cleaner environment for future generations when policies are properly implemented
Similar to Uitable waste disposal sites selection for in tumakuru city karnataka india using geomatics application (2) (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
2. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 134 editor@iaeme.com
water and causes the disease like jaundice, nausea, asthma (Jean Fidèle Nzihou., 2013; Masood
Ahsan Siddiqui., 2011; Maher Arebey., 2010; Basavarajappa et al., 2012; 2013; 2014). Solid waste
management is one among the basic essential services provided by municipal authorities in the urban
areas to keep clean. However, it is among the most poorly rendered services in the basket—the
systems applied are unscientific, outdated and inefficient; population coverage is low and the poor
are marginalized. Waste is littered all over leading to insanitary living conditions. Municipal laws
governing the urban local bodies do not have adequate provisions to deal effectively with the ever
growing problem of solid waste management. With rapid urbanization, the situation is becoming
critical. The urban population has grown fivefold in the last six decades with 285.35 million people
living in urban areas as per the 2001 and 2011Census. The waste generation rates in India are lower
than the non developing countries in other parts of the world and much lower compared to
developing countries (Ahmad Al et al. 2011). However, lifestyle changes, especially in the larger
cities, leading to the use of more packaging material and per capita waste generation is increasing by
about 1.3% per year. With the urban population growing at 2.7 per cent to 3.5 per cent per annum,
the yearly increase in the overall quantity of solid waste in the cities will be more than 5 per cent.
The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) has estimated that waste generation will exceed 260
million tons per year by 2047—more than five times the present level. Cities with 100,000 plus
population contribute 72.5 per cent of the waste generated in the country. Tumakuru city is
developing as one of the smart cities in India which may face majorly landfill issues as Bengaluru
city, Karnataka in future. The Population census recorded in 2011 is 2,678,980 and generating
87,613 tones of solid wastes daily from every source. The existing landfill site is operating exactly in
contact between Archean Migmatitic gneisses & proterozoic granites and acting as a groundwater
contamination zone. (Jayananda et al., 1999; Vaidyanathan and Ramakrishnana 1998, Basavarajappa
et al., 2014) (fig. 2 & 9).
2. STUDY AREA
Geographical extinct of the study area is 130
16’00’’ to 130
25’45’’ N latitude and 770
02’03’’
to 770
12’25’’ E longitudes respectively. The total area of the administrative boundary of tumakuru
city is of 65.26 Sq km.
Climate: The climate around Tumakuru and other parts of the district is free from extremes, except
Pavagada taluk where it is relatively hot. The year may broadly be classified into four seasons. The
dry season is from January to February, followed by hot weather from March to May. The SW
monsoon season is from June to September and the NE monsoon period from October to December.
Rainfall: The normal rainfall in the tumakuru city is of 862.4mm and it varies from maximum
1004mm to minimum 435mm in the year 2001 and 2003 respectively.
Temperature: The temperatures start rising from January to a peak of around 340
C in April is the
hottest month in the year. Thereafter it declines during the monsoon period and December is coldest
month and the temperature dips down to 16o
C.
Wind speed: The winds are predominantly south westerly during the summer monsoon and
northeasterly during the winter monsoon.
Evapotranspiration: The annual potential Evapotranspiration is over 1800mm with monthly rates
less than 100mm during December and January and over 250 mm during May.
3. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 135 editor@iaeme.com
Fig. 1 Location Map of the study area
3. METHODS AND MATERIALS
Collateral Data
City Survey and settlement location map of Tumakuru city (2010) is collected from
Tumakuru Urban Development Authority (TUDA); Ward map from City Municipal Corporation of
Tumakuru (CMC), Present population data from Tumakuru District Statistical Department are used
for preparation of various GIS based thematic layers.
Remote Sensing Data
Basic Satellite data (2015 downloaded from Google earth) used for the preparation of various
layers by visual interpretation techniques to notice the various components of the city. Cartosat DEM
from Bhuvan of National Remote Sensing Center (NRSC) is also used for analysis.
Global Positioning System (GPS)
It is a Satellite based navigation system used to determine the precise location, velocity and
global time information in all weather, anywhere to the user on or near the earth through the signals
by the GPS receiver and it is maintained by United States government. In the present study we have
used Garmin Map 60 GPS with an accuracy of 3 to 5 meters and collected Ground Control Points
(GCP) at every dustbin in the city and for new location of dustbin in the city because of rapid growth
of the city area.
Software’s used
Remote Sensing Software
Erdas Imagine is a Remote Sensing application with raster graphics editor abilities designed
by ERDAS (version 2014) for geospatial applications initially in 1990 and software allows to
prepare, display and enhance digital images for mapping use in Geographic Information Systems
(GIS) or in computer-aided design (CADD) software.
GIS Based Software
ARC-GIS is a geographic information system (GIS) for working with maps and geographic
information and it is developed by ESRI.
4. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 136 editor@iaeme.com
4. LITHOLOGY
Tumakuru district exposes mainly rock types belonging to the Peninsular Gneissic complex
(PGC), schistose rocks of Sargur group and Dharwar super group, younger intrusives (Closepet
Granite and basic dykes) and thin patches of quaternary gravels. The high grade schists of Sargur
group occur as continuous bands, small enclaves within the PGC and comprise amphibolites,
ultramafics and banded ferruginous chert. The younger intrusives include Closepet granite and basic
dykes. Thin patches of Quaternary gravel horizons are located towards northern parts of the study
area. There are three prominent lineaments are noticed to be trending towards in ENE-WSW, NW-
SE and N-S directions in the study area. The alluvial patches are generally seen along the major
streams as narrow discontinuous patches particularly in granite.
Lithologically, the study area represents two types of rock namely Migmatites, Granitic
gneiss and Granite (Closepet). The younger granites; which are coarse-grained and porphyritic,
constitute a well-defined narrow range of Devrayanadurga hills, which run north-south in the eastern
portion of the study area. Which are represented in fig. 2 and their statistics in the table 1.
Table.1. Area Statistics Lithology of the study area
Fig.2. Lithology map of the study area
Class Area (Sq km)
Pink &Gray Granite(Closepet) 58.42.22
Migmatite, Granitic gneiss 29.90431
Total 87.32753
5. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 137 editor@iaeme.com
5. GEOMORPHOLOGY
Geomorphologically, a major part of the study area is covered with the denudational uplands
on gneisses & granites which are ideal for agriculture, industrialization and urban settlements.
Besides there are structural ridges of the schistose rocks are suitable for mining of manganese,
dolomite and limestone deposits. The denudational hills of granite in the NE part can be quarried for
building stones and road metal. The valley flats in the southern part of the district can be exploited
for agricultural purposes. To the east of Tumakuru and north of Devarayana Durga Hill (1169 m),
the region presents beautiful scenery of hill ranges intersected by cultivated valleys. A narrow range
of granitic hills grouped under Closepet granites occupies the eastern part. Morphologically
Tumakuru city is located in plain landform; exhibiting undulations as residual hill and pediment
zones which is shown in the figure no.3.
Fig.3. Geomorphology of the study area
6. SOILS
Mapping of soil in vegetated terrain and deriving information of soil types from satellite
imagery is one of the advantages of Remote Sensing. Clay soil is one of the best sites for landfill
siting for the prevention of leachate problems (Basavarajappa et al., 2013). Clay pits are more
suitable for depression type landfills whereas sand gravel pits should be avoided according to
permeability, except when the bottom formations are impermeable (Azadhe and Basavarajappa.,
2009). A major part of the study area is covered with fine red soil in the western part and Clayey
skeletal, Coarse red loamy soil along the eastern part (Fig.4). Red sandy soils are suitable for the
6. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 138 editor@iaeme.com
growth of ragi, jowar, millets and oil seeds under rainfed conditions. The irrigated areas of red loamy
soils are favorable for paddy, sugarcane and vegetables.
Fig.4. Soil map of the study area
7. DRAINAGE AND SURFACE WATER BODIES
The natural drainage system in the city mainly exhibits sub parallel drainage pattern along
with eighteen surface water bodies, among eighteen tanks three tanks are bigger in size, twelve tanks
are moderate in their size remaining three tanks are very small in size as shown in the fig. 5. Water
bodies like tanks, ponds, streams, lakes and river are identified and digitized (fig. 5). A landfill sites
should be kept 100m away from drainage channels (Lunkapis et al., 2010; Agnes 1997; Despotakis
and Economopoulos, 2007). Deep groundwater table (at least 50m) region is suitable to avoid
contact between leachate and water. Groundwater levels, distribution of aquifers, aquicludes,
groundwater flow patterns, size and discharge of streams are controlled by topography of the site.
7. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 139 editor@iaeme.com
Fig.5. Drainage map of the study area
8. LINEAMENTS
Faults are geological structures that cause limitation for siting a landfill (Gemitzi et al, 2007).
The landfill site should be kept away at least about 100-200 m from any faults, fissures, joints,
stream/ lakes and other shear zones to avoid environmental damages of any area (Basavarajappa et
al., 2013). Lineaments (Fig.6) are extracted from the satellite image using the software Geomatica
(version) and demarcated the major lineaments by visual interpretation of satellite image. New
landfill sites are proposed away from the major lineaments, which avoids groundwater contamination
from the toxic effluents in waste disposals during heavy rainfall. The lineament overlay map (Fig.7)
shows the poorly vegetated barren lands towards the southern parts helps in accessing the suitable
landfill sites in the study area.
8. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 140 editor@iaeme.com
Fig.6 Lineament map of the study area
Fig.7 Lineament overlaid on LISS III Image
9. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 141 editor@iaeme.com
9. EXISTING DUST BINS IN THE CITY
According to the data collected during the field work in City Municipal Corporation (CMC)
the dust bins in the individual wards varies with present existed dustbins in the each wards as shown
in the fig. 8 and table 2. Existing waste disposal site is laid exactly on lineament (fig. 6) which leads
to many environmental issues in waste collection (Basavarajappa et al., 2012; 2013).
Table.2. Existing Dust Bins with Location
As CMC record 2007 As on 2013 field survey
Ward number Dust Bins Dust Bins Locations (DMS)
1 11 3 770
12’
31” 130
34’06”
2 53 6 770
12’
32” 130
34’05”
3 20 4 770
12’45” 130
34’01”
4 26 5 770
10’06” 130
33’63”
5 30 3 770
09’90” 130
33’82”
6 15 2 770
09’78” 130
33’66”
7 12 5 770
09’68” 130
33’69”
8 16 7 770
09’51” 130
33’07”
9 33 9 770
09’46” 130
32’99”
10 21 3 770
09’43” 130
32’92”
11 7 5 770
09’36” 130
32’72”
12 35 5 770
09’33” 130
32’37”
13 45 4 770
09’33” 130
32’09”
14 28 10 770
09’31” 130
32’00”
15 25 6 770
08’87” 130
32’75”
16 19 2 770
09’34” 130
32’96”
17 34 6 770
09’22” 130
33’02”
18 19 5 770
09’14” 130
33’01”
19 22 4 770
09’07” 130
33’08”
20 19 3 770
08’97” 130
33’25”
21 23 5 770
08’92” 130
33’31”
22 47 10 770
09’29” 130
33’54”
23 34 2 770
09’38” 130
33’53”
24 36 3 770
09’43” 130
33’52”
25 33 4 770
09’50” 130
33’50”
26 32 2 770
09’61” 130
33’48”
27 35 7 770
09’31” 130
33’66”
28 22 2 770
12’31” 130
34’06”
29 8 1 770
12’32” 130
34’05”
30 30 4 7712’24” 130
34’01”
31 38 3 770
10’06” 130
33’63”
32 24 1 770
09’90” 130
33’82”
33 36 2 770
09’78” 130
33’66”
34 20 2 770
09’68” 130
33’69”
35 21 1 770
09’51’’ 130
33’07”
Total 929 146
10. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 142 editor@iaeme.com
10. REQUIRED DUSTBINS IN THE CITY
The proposed dust bin location map (fig.8 and table 3 ) and is given by considering the
factors like; proximity to surface water, distance from transportation routes, distance from
environmentally sensitive or protected areas, slope aspects, morphology, landforms, soil type, land
use/land cover, lineaments which are important on groundwater prospecting of the study area. Maps
like distance from drainage, major roads, streams and their suitability are given in the figure 8
and table 2, 3, respectively. After projection and topology creation all feature classes
like geomorphology, soil, lithology, drainage, stream and road are converted to raster files
and separate datasets are created using weightage and rank. For the analysis all the raster datasets for
different layers having different score are over layered and the scores of each composite class
are added using raster calculator tool of spatial analyst extension of Arc Map. The final scores
are reclassified to generate the output map showing various classes of suitable site for
waste dumping.
Table.3. Proposed/ Required Dust Bins with Locations
Ward No. No. of Dustbins Location (DD)
1 5 77.094328 13.3412200
2 6 77.092847 13.3414620
3 3 77.0912360 13.3417910
4 - 77.0901750 13.3432680
5 - 77.0885320 13.3427070
6 1 77.0814100 13.3456280
7 1 77.0921650 13.3457620
8 1 77.0898290 13.3493780
9 - 77.0944100 13.3501360
10 1 77.0957870 13.3495240
11 7 77.0956660 13.3484770
12 - 77.0955660 13.3470610
13 1 77.0940160 13.3427920
14 - 77.0941050 13.3455930
15 2 77.0948510 13.3455960
16 1 77.0961920 13.3456150
17 - 77.0968840 13.3487940
18 - 77.0982610 13.3487640
19 1 77.0973900 13.3475000
20 2 77.0997040 13.3475790
21 2 77.0999180 13.3489670
22 1 77.1005020 13.3501070
23 1 77.1016040 13.3478550
24 1 77.0991410 13.3457260
25 1 77.0961900 13.3445890
26 1 77.0960610 13.3438170
27 - 77.0976750 13.3437570
28 2 77.0979420 13.3452530
29 2 77.0965840 13.3429120
30 5 77.0960960 13.3421480
31 5 77.0963750 13.3401050
32 2 77.1002050 13.3445050
33 2 77.1037110 13.3459950
34 3 77.1065140 13.3480560
35 4 77.0943280 13.3412200
Total 64
11. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 143 editor@iaeme.com
Fig.8 Existing and Proposed dustbin location map overlay on LISS III Image
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Integration of different thematic layers like, Lithology, Geomorphology, Soil, Drainage,
Lineament and the administrative boundary of Tumakuru city helps in assessment of best suitable
locations for waste disposal site considering the environmental issues. The newly proposed landfill
sites are interpreted to keep effluents and toxic wastes away from groundwater through Drainage,
Tanks, Soil types, Lineaments (Fig.9 and Table 4). The Google Earth Image (2015) helps in
observation that the development of built up area in this study (fig.1). Considering the Geomatics
study and integration of all thematic layers, southern part of the study area offers 4 suitable sites for
landfill sites due to less built up availability (Basavarajappa et al., 2013). Landfill sites must be
avoided in the northern part due to existing landfill site in the (Ajjagondanahlli area) which is
Tumakuru
12. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 144 editor@iaeme.com
operating near to one of the major lineament and contact zone between gneisses (PGC) and granite,
later being contaminating the groundwater sources (fig. 2 & 9).
If the Corporation administration is continuing the solid waste dumping unscientifically in
the same area of Ajjagondanahalli openly instead of separating the city waste properly like (green
waste, plastics, papers and construction solid waste) and recycle the city solid waste into proper
scientific methods (Basavarajappa et al.,2012 & 2013) will leads to environmental pollution and
public issues.
Fig.9 Integration map of the study area
In supporting to this the author tried to locate another location for the better
assessment and to maintain the environmental issue author suggested the new locations for dustbin
by considering the existing location of the dustbin location (Fig.8).
Table.4. Newly Identified landfill sites locations.
Location. no Longitude Latitude
1 770
11’71” 130
17’22”
2 770
06’51” 130
15’04”
3 770
06’26” 130
16’12”
4 770
10’20” 130
16’42”
CONCLUSION
Satellite Remote Sensing images can provide information about the wastelands and other
associated features which help in selection of suitable landfill sites. Coupled with GIS, RS can
provide an opportunity to integrate field parameters with population and other relevant data. By
analyzing lithology, geomorphology, drainage, lineament and soil types provide a baseline
information in solid waste management even for future programmes. The number of existing dust
13. Suitable Waste Disposal Sites Selection For Tumakuru City, Karnataka, India Using Geomatics
Application , Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L, Manjunatha M.C and Mahamad Ali M, Journal Impact
Factor (2015): 9.1215 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp 145 editor@iaeme.com
bins availability is not sufficient to fulfill the complete waste collections in the study area. The
authors proposed new dustbin locations in equal distribution for waste collections and its separation.
The main advantages of newly proposed landfill sites encounters vast stretch of wastelands, low
amount of rock permeability & porosity, negligible inhabitants and fully developed transportation
network. Thus with the use of these advanced technologies; management of municipal wastes will no
longer be a problematic issue for concerned peoples. It provides a comprehensive model framework
whereby CMC authorities are required to develop detailed Waste Management Plans and
environmental assessment in the study area. The study attempts to determine sites that are
appropriate for landfill siting in Tumakuru city Karnataka. The combination of Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) and a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method is best suited
methods for the determination of the relative importance weights of factors (criteria) in the solid
waste management. The final integrated map generated reveals 4 suitable sites for landfill in the
southern part of the study area, avoiding the nearby villages, geological structures and hydrological
parameters to fulfill the complete wastes collection from every sources. Separation and suitable
landfill sites for waste management is indeed problems in developing cities like Tumakuru city in
Karnataka State. The results showed the efficacy of GIS and multi-criteria decision making method
in decision making using Geomatic techniques.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Authors are in deeply acknowledged Prof. G S Gopal Krishna, Chairman, DoS in Earth
Science, University of Mysore, Mysore-06; Geological Survey of India ; USGS ; NRSC-Bhuvan,
Hyderabad and Statistical Department and Municipal Council Tumakuru.
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