Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
military, of necessity, are trained to kill and destroy. That is a.docxannandleola
military, of necessity, are trained to kill and destroy. That is appropriate in war. However, do we want to use military forces to govern or patrol our cities and towns?
We do not know much about the very early history of the police. Policing—maintaining order and dealing with lawbreakers—had always been a private matter. Citizens were responsible for protecting themselves and maintaining an orderly society. Uniformed, organized police departments as we think o£ them today were rare.
Around die fifth century B.C.E., Rome created the first specialized investigative unit, called questors, or "trackers of murder." (Dempsey 203) Around die sixth century B.C.E. in Athens and the third century B.C.E. in Rome, unpaid magistrates (judges), appointed by the citizens, were the only people we would consider law enforcement professionals. The magistrates adjudicated cases, but private citizens arrested offenders and punished them. In most societies, people in towns would group
together and form a watch,
particularly at night, at the
Praetorian Guard , ,
town borders or gates to
Select group of highly qualified ., , . i.j
a ensure that outsiders did
members of the military established ,
not attack the town,
by the Roman emperor Augustus ^ a^out ^e yme Qf
to protect him and his palace. .1 r>
Chnst, the Roman emperor
Vigtles Augustus picked special,
Early Roman fire fighters who also highly qualified members
patrolled Rome's streets to protect of the military to form the
citizens. Praetorian Guard, which
mutual pledge
A form of community self-protection developed by King Alfred the Great in the latter part of the ninth century in England.
could be considered the
first police officers. Their
job was to protect the
palace and the emperor.
At about die same time,
Augustus also established
hue and cry die Praefectus Urbi (Urban
A method developed in early Cohort) to protect the city
England for citizens to summon The Urban Cohort had
assistance from fellow members of both executive and judicial
the community. power. Augustus also estab-
constable
An official assigned to keep the peace in the mutual pledge system in England.
lished the Vigiles of Rome.
The Vigiles began as fire-
fighters and were eventually
also given law enforcement
responsibilities, patrolling
shire-reeve Rome's streets day and
Earty English official placed m night. The Vigiles could be
cnarge of shires (counties) as part considered the first civil
of the system of mirtual pledge; police force designed to
evolved into the modem concept of protect citizens. They were
the sheriff. quite brutal, and our words
Log onto wnm.cengagebrain.com vigilance and vigilante come
- ' to practice your vocabulary with ° m\\
' <\ flash cards and more. from them. (AytO 559).
1O2 Discuss English Policing: Our English Heritage
The American system of law and criminal justice was borrowed from the English. Therefore, we will now concentrate on the English police experience, which is colorful a ...
This lecture consist of : Meaning and definition of crime, News values in crime reporting, Sources in crime Reporting, Types of Crime in India, How to report accident, Theft, Suicide, Fire, Qualities of a crime reporter, What should a crime reporter keep in mind while reporting crime.
· I Didn’t Know There Was a DifferenceFind casesstories of poli.docxoswald1horne84988
· I Didn’t Know There Was a Difference
Find cases/stories of police corruption. Using these stories, in a 2 page paper, you will be expected to do the following:
1. Using your own words, summarize the case(s) you selected
2. Compare and contrast occupational and organizational Deviance.
3. Where does your case fit? Is it occupational or organizational deviance
Here are some notes down below to help!
Police Corruption
In this chapter, we learned that deviance is a concern of modern policing.
The concept of police deviance includes both individual occupational deviance and organizational deviance. At times entire police organizations may be deviant. This occurs when the deviance becomes acceptable practice throughout the entire police organization. This means that entire units or sections can be involved in acts of brutality or corruption. It is often impossible in deviant organizations for individual members, however well-intentioned and honorable, to resist the “culture” of deviance that exist around him. Police misconduct falls under the umbrella of police deviance.
All police misconduct involves acts of wrongdoing that are unacceptable by federal and state laws, departmental policies, and procedures. Acts of police misconduct can be unethical or immoral, but yet not be criminal in nature. Society expects police officers to be people of character who will obey the laws they swear to enforce and not be law violators. One element of police deviance, which allows police officers to be involved in police misconduct is the “Code of Silence.” This code requires that police officers look the other way when they observe their colleagues involved in acts of misconduct.
Often, police misconduct occurs in police agencies when mangers refuse to recognize the existence of police involved in deviant behavior, or when they fail to take the appropriate steps to eliminate the deviance. Police deviance can include police misconduct such as accepting free meals, kickbacks, petty thievery, shakedowns, bribes, and providing protection for illegal activities.
Other deviant behavior by police officers includes corruption which, in some cities, can be a serious problem. Various forms of corruption exist such as taking money from drug dealers and gamblers to look the other way rather than enforce the law that police officers swear to enforce. Another form of police deviance is the “use of excessive force” by police officers—often referred to as “police brutality.” It is difficult to know how widespread and how often incidents of police brutality occur.
However, it does occur and the media periodically brings this to our attention. The “use of excessive force” is closely associated with “deadly force.” Deadly force occurs when a police officer commits an act that either causes the death of someone or had the potential of causing the death of someone. Both police and society can make serious efforts to eliminate and control deviant behavior by police officers. This oc.
History of Law and Law Enforcement | David Ford Avon CtDavid Ford Avon Ct
A system of law and law enforcement began earlier than 2000 B.C. as a means to control human conduct and enforce society’s rules. Keeping the peace was the responsibility of the group.
military, of necessity, are trained to kill and destroy. That is a.docxannandleola
military, of necessity, are trained to kill and destroy. That is appropriate in war. However, do we want to use military forces to govern or patrol our cities and towns?
We do not know much about the very early history of the police. Policing—maintaining order and dealing with lawbreakers—had always been a private matter. Citizens were responsible for protecting themselves and maintaining an orderly society. Uniformed, organized police departments as we think o£ them today were rare.
Around die fifth century B.C.E., Rome created the first specialized investigative unit, called questors, or "trackers of murder." (Dempsey 203) Around die sixth century B.C.E. in Athens and the third century B.C.E. in Rome, unpaid magistrates (judges), appointed by the citizens, were the only people we would consider law enforcement professionals. The magistrates adjudicated cases, but private citizens arrested offenders and punished them. In most societies, people in towns would group
together and form a watch,
particularly at night, at the
Praetorian Guard , ,
town borders or gates to
Select group of highly qualified ., , . i.j
a ensure that outsiders did
members of the military established ,
not attack the town,
by the Roman emperor Augustus ^ a^out ^e yme Qf
to protect him and his palace. .1 r>
Chnst, the Roman emperor
Vigtles Augustus picked special,
Early Roman fire fighters who also highly qualified members
patrolled Rome's streets to protect of the military to form the
citizens. Praetorian Guard, which
mutual pledge
A form of community self-protection developed by King Alfred the Great in the latter part of the ninth century in England.
could be considered the
first police officers. Their
job was to protect the
palace and the emperor.
At about die same time,
Augustus also established
hue and cry die Praefectus Urbi (Urban
A method developed in early Cohort) to protect the city
England for citizens to summon The Urban Cohort had
assistance from fellow members of both executive and judicial
the community. power. Augustus also estab-
constable
An official assigned to keep the peace in the mutual pledge system in England.
lished the Vigiles of Rome.
The Vigiles began as fire-
fighters and were eventually
also given law enforcement
responsibilities, patrolling
shire-reeve Rome's streets day and
Earty English official placed m night. The Vigiles could be
cnarge of shires (counties) as part considered the first civil
of the system of mirtual pledge; police force designed to
evolved into the modem concept of protect citizens. They were
the sheriff. quite brutal, and our words
Log onto wnm.cengagebrain.com vigilance and vigilante come
- ' to practice your vocabulary with ° m\\
' <\ flash cards and more. from them. (AytO 559).
1O2 Discuss English Policing: Our English Heritage
The American system of law and criminal justice was borrowed from the English. Therefore, we will now concentrate on the English police experience, which is colorful a ...
This lecture consist of : Meaning and definition of crime, News values in crime reporting, Sources in crime Reporting, Types of Crime in India, How to report accident, Theft, Suicide, Fire, Qualities of a crime reporter, What should a crime reporter keep in mind while reporting crime.
· I Didn’t Know There Was a DifferenceFind casesstories of poli.docxoswald1horne84988
· I Didn’t Know There Was a Difference
Find cases/stories of police corruption. Using these stories, in a 2 page paper, you will be expected to do the following:
1. Using your own words, summarize the case(s) you selected
2. Compare and contrast occupational and organizational Deviance.
3. Where does your case fit? Is it occupational or organizational deviance
Here are some notes down below to help!
Police Corruption
In this chapter, we learned that deviance is a concern of modern policing.
The concept of police deviance includes both individual occupational deviance and organizational deviance. At times entire police organizations may be deviant. This occurs when the deviance becomes acceptable practice throughout the entire police organization. This means that entire units or sections can be involved in acts of brutality or corruption. It is often impossible in deviant organizations for individual members, however well-intentioned and honorable, to resist the “culture” of deviance that exist around him. Police misconduct falls under the umbrella of police deviance.
All police misconduct involves acts of wrongdoing that are unacceptable by federal and state laws, departmental policies, and procedures. Acts of police misconduct can be unethical or immoral, but yet not be criminal in nature. Society expects police officers to be people of character who will obey the laws they swear to enforce and not be law violators. One element of police deviance, which allows police officers to be involved in police misconduct is the “Code of Silence.” This code requires that police officers look the other way when they observe their colleagues involved in acts of misconduct.
Often, police misconduct occurs in police agencies when mangers refuse to recognize the existence of police involved in deviant behavior, or when they fail to take the appropriate steps to eliminate the deviance. Police deviance can include police misconduct such as accepting free meals, kickbacks, petty thievery, shakedowns, bribes, and providing protection for illegal activities.
Other deviant behavior by police officers includes corruption which, in some cities, can be a serious problem. Various forms of corruption exist such as taking money from drug dealers and gamblers to look the other way rather than enforce the law that police officers swear to enforce. Another form of police deviance is the “use of excessive force” by police officers—often referred to as “police brutality.” It is difficult to know how widespread and how often incidents of police brutality occur.
However, it does occur and the media periodically brings this to our attention. The “use of excessive force” is closely associated with “deadly force.” Deadly force occurs when a police officer commits an act that either causes the death of someone or had the potential of causing the death of someone. Both police and society can make serious efforts to eliminate and control deviant behavior by police officers. This oc.
History of Law and Law Enforcement | David Ford Avon CtDavid Ford Avon Ct
A system of law and law enforcement began earlier than 2000 B.C. as a means to control human conduct and enforce society’s rules. Keeping the peace was the responsibility of the group.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
VARIOUS FUZZY NUMBERS AND THEIR VARIOUS RANKING APPROACHESIAEME Publication
A brief survey of this study is to identify the ranking formulas for various fuzzy numbers derived from research papers published over the past few years. This paper presents the latest results of fuzzy ranking applications very clearly and simply, as well as highlighting key points in the use of fuzzy numbers. This paper discusses the importance of pointing out the concepts of fuzzy numbers and their formulas for ranking.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2. Gandhi on Non-violent Police
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJM 220 editor@iaeme.com
role is marked by a series of attempts to introduce more advanced standards of conduct and
integrity, and to raise the tone of the force by improving the pay and prospects of its
members.[1] Further, the indigenous systems of police, based upon the responsibility of the
landholders or the village communities, were gradually modified by the progressive
intervention of the State; how a series of experiments in different provinces culminated in the
comprehensive reorganization effected by the Police Commission of 1860; and how the
arrangements then introduced and improved from time to time, as Provincial resources
admitted, fall short at the present day of the higher standard of efficiency which modern
conditions demand.[2]
When we see the chapters on the formation of Indian police we found out that the indigenous
system of police in India was very similar to that of Saxon England as both were organized on
the basis of land tenure, and just as the Thane in the time of King Alfred was required to produce
the offender or to satisfy the claim, so in India the zamindar was bound to apprehend all
disturbers of the public peace and to restore the stolen property or make good its value. Under
the large zamindars were a number of subordinate tenure-holders, all of whom were required
in their degree to perform police duties and to bear for the areas of their charges the
responsibilities which rested upon the zamindar for the whole estate; and, finally, there was, as
a rule, the joint responsibility of the villagers, which could only be transferred if they succeeded
in tracking the offender to the limits of another village. This village responsibility was enforced
through the headman who was always assisted by one or more village watchmen. These latter
were the real executive police of the country. Although there was, as a rule, only one watchman
for the village, he was, when necessity arose assisted by all the male members of his family, by
the other village servants, and in some cases by the whole village community. His duties were
to keep watch at night, find out all arrivals and departures, observe all strangers, and report all
suspicious persons to the headman. He was required to note the character of each man in the
village, and if a theft were committed within the village bounds, it was his business to detect
the thieves. If he failed to recover the stolen property, he was obliged to make up the amount
of the value of it so far as his moans permitted, and the remainder was levied on the whole
village. “The exaction of this indemnity” wrote Mountstuart Elphinstone, “is evidently unjust,
since the village might neither be able to prevent the theft, nor to make up the loss, and it was
only in particular cases that it was insisted on to its full extent; but some fine was generally
levied, and neglect or connivance was punished by transferring the Imam of the Patel or
watchman to his nearest relation, by fine, by imprisonment in irons, or by severe corporal
punishment. This responsibility was necessary, as besides the usual temptation to neglect, the
watchman is often himself a thief, and the Patel disposed to harbour thieves, with a view to
share their profits”[3] To ensure greater protection than the village police were able to afford,
payments were often made to the leaders of plundering tribes to induce them to prevent
depredations by their followers, a system which obtains to this day in many parts of the
peninsula. In large towns the administration of the police was entrusted to an officer called the
“kotwal,” who was usually paid a large salary, from which he was required to defray the
expenses of a considerable establishment of police. In Poona, for example, the kotwal received
Rs. 9,000 a month, but he had to maintain a very large establishment of peons, some horse
patrols, and a considerable number of Ramosis, while he was also answerable for the value of
property stolen. His appointment, however, was considered a lucrative one, as the pay of his
establishment was very low, and both he and his subordinates supplemented their salaries by
unauthorised exactions from the inhabitants[4]. Moreover, according to Abul Fazul, Minister
of the Emperor Akbar, shows that the Mogul system of police followed closely on the lines of
that indigenous to the country. The system of mutual security is almost identical with that which
existed in England in Anglo-Saxon times and was continued by the Normans:
3. Manish Sharma
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJM 221 editor@iaeme.com
“The kotwals of cities, kusbahs, towns and villages, in conjunction with the royal clerks,
shall prepare a register of the houses and buildings of the same, which registers shall include a
particular description of the inhabitants of each habitation. One house shall become security for
another; so that they shall all be reciprocally pledged and bound each for the other. They shall
be divided into districts, each having a chief or prefect, to whose superintendence the district
shall be subject. Secret intelligencers or spies shall be appointed to each district, who shall keep
a journal of local occurrences, arrivals and departures, happening either by day or night. When
any theft, fire or other misfortune may happen, the neighbours shall render immediate
assistance; especially the prefect and public informers, who, failing to attend on such occasions,
unless unavoidably prevented, shall be held responsible for the omission. No person shall be
permitted to travel beyond, or to arrive within, the limits of the district, without the knowledge
of the prefect, the neighbours or public informers. Those who cannot provide security shall
reside in a separate place of abode, to be allotted to them by the prefect of the district and the
public informers. A certain number of persons in each district shall be appointed to patrol by
night the several streets and environs of the several cities, towns, villages, etc., taking care that
no strangers infest them, and especially exerting themselves to discover, pursue and apprehend
robbers, thieves, cut-purses, etc. If any articles be stolen or plundered, the police must restore
the articles, produce the criminal, or, failing to do so, become responsible for the equivalent.”[5]
The system described above was no doubt well suited to the needs of a simple,
homogeneous, agricultural community; but however effectual it may have once been, it could
not support the strain of political disorder and the relaxation of control from above. Extortion
and oppression flourished unchecked through all gradations of the officials responsible for the
maintenance of peace and order. Both village watchman and the heads of villages, and even the
higher officials, connived at crime and harboured offenders in return for a share of the booty.
Their liability to restore the stolen property or make good its value was disregarded; or if this
obligation was enforced, neither the property nor its value was restored to the owner. Fines
were imposed when a more severe punishment was called for; and offenders who were
possessed of any property could always purchase their liberty[6].
The history of police organization can also be traced from its foundations in a system of
village and local police and joint responsibility, through the changes introduced with somewhat
disastrous results by the early British administrators, down to the reforms that were carried out
about the year 1860[7].
2. ROLE OF POLICE
The definition of police is derived in the form of service which is a public force empowered to
enforce the law and provide security through the legitimized use of force. Further, the term is
most commonly associated with police services of a state that are authorized to exercise the
police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. The word
comes via French Policier, from Latin politia (“civil administration”), from ancient Greek
(Polis) (“city”).[8]
Initially, Police was created to safe guard the basic rights of the humanity or the particular
state, where some people had started using wrong means to acquire others wealth in the form
of thefts, lootings and so on. And later on to capture the culprits, the services of the police were
required.
The First Police Commission was appointed on 17th August, 1860, contained detailed
guidelines for the desired system of police in India and defined police as a governmental
department to maintain order, enforce the law, and prevents and detects crime. The Indian
Police Service is not a force itself but a service providing leaders and commanders to staff the
state police and all-India Para-Military Forces. Its members, who are all at least university
4. Gandhi on Non-violent Police
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJM 222 editor@iaeme.com
graduates, are the senior officers of the police. With the passage of time Indian Police Service's
objectives were updated and redefined from time to time but with little improvements.
The roles and functions of an Indian Police Service Officer are as follows[9]:
• To fulfill duties based on broader responsibilities, in the areas of maintenance of public
peace and order, crime prevention, investigation, and detection, collection of
intelligence, VIP security, counter-terrorism, border policing, railway policing, tackling
smuggling, drug trafficking, economic offences, corruption in public life, disaster
management, enforcement of socio-economic legislation, bio-diversity and protection
of environmental laws etc.
• Leading and commanding the Indian Intelligence Agencies like Research and Analysis
Wing (R&AW), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Central Bureau of Investigations (CBI), etc,
Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, Civil and Armed Police Forces in all the
states and union territories.
• Leading and commanding the Para-Military Forces of India (PMF) Central Police
Organisations (CPO) like Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force
(CRPF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Security Guard (NSG), Rashtriya
Rifles, Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Defence Security Corps (DSC),
Vigilance Organisations, Indian Fedral Law Enforcement Agencies, Assam Rifles, etc.
• Serve at head of the departments in policy making in the Ministries and Departments of
Central and State Governments and public sector undertakings both at centre and states,
Government of India.
• To interact and coordinate closely with the members of other All India Services and
Central Civil Services and also with the Indian Armed Forces.
• Last but not the least, to lead and command the force with courage, uprightness,
dedication and a strong sense of service to the people.
• Endeavour to inculcate in the police forces under their command such values and norms
as would help them serve the people better.
• Inculcate integrity of the highest order, sensitivity to aspirations of people in a fast-
changing social and economic milieu, respect for human rights, broad liberal
perspective of law and justice and high standard of professionalism.
3. GANDHIAN APPROACH TOWARDS POLICE
Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi is a name known for its practical approach and its working
for the betterment and upliftment of all irrespective of any colour, creed, sex and age. In his
dictionary there was no word where he can discriminate to any one on any ground and that
applies to his thoughts on the police also. According to Gandhi, “I have conceded that even in
a non-violent state a police force may be necessary...Of course, I can and do envisage a state
where the police would be unnecessary but whether we shall succeed in realizing it, the future
alone will show....Police ranks will be composed of believers in non-violence. The people will
instinctively render them every help and through mutual cooperation they will easily deal with
the ever decreasing disturbances...Violent quarrels between labor and capital and strikes will
be few and far between in a non-violent state because the influence of the non-violent majority
will be great as to respect the principle elements in society. Similarly, there will be no room for
communal disturbances....” [10] But the question arises here is that Gandhi had visualized
something like ‘Ram Rajya’ but in the present or rather in the practical truth is that it is totally
different from the same. So, the role and functioning of the police had totally changed and in
the coming times, it would be requiring more radical changes and modifications for the smooth
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functioning of the police. The best example in terms of police as informed by one of family
member could be quoted here of the Switzerland Police, where they are following the real
Gandhian principles, as by the evening time i.e., 5pm the police stations are subject to close and
only one main police station of the city used to remain open, only for the formality purposes
and the crime record and other records are also very less, because the respective natives of the
land have the respect for each other and there are no conflicts in their minds against each other,
which is one of most important aspect of Gandhian principles. Further, they all have checks on
their wants.
While talking about police, Gandhi had mentioned in his Book ‘Voice of Truth’[11] as
above mentioned while keeping in view of the present day status, had mentioned that
“Nevertheless, I have conceded that even in a non-violent State a police force may be necessary.
This, I admit, is a sign of my imperfect Ahimsa. I have not the courage to declare that we can
carry on without police force as I have in respect of any army. Of course, I can and do envisage
a State where the police will not be necessary. But whether we shall succeed in realizing it, the
future alone will show.
The police of my conception will, however, be of a wholly different pattern from the
present-day force. Its ranks will be composed of believers in non-violence. They will be
servants, not masters of the people. The people will instinctively render them any help, and
through mutual co-operation they will easily deal with the ever-decreasing disturbances. The
police force will have some kind of arms, but they will be rarely used, if at all. In fact, the police
men will be reformers. Their police work will be confined primarily to robbers and dacoits.[12]
Further, at another point he mentioned that, in independence India of the non-violent type,
there will be crime but no criminals. They will not be punished. Crime is a disease like any
other malady and is a product of the prevalent social system. Therefore, all crime including
murder will be treated as a disease. Whether such as India will ever come into being is another
question.[13]
What should our jails be like in free India? All criminals should be treated as patients and
the jails should be hospitals admitting this class of patients for treatment and cure. No one
commits crime for the fun of it. It is a sign of a diseased mind. The causes of a particular disease
should be investigated and removed. They need not have palatial buildings when their jails
become hospitals. No country can afford that, much less can a poor country like India. But the
outlook of the jail staff should be that of physicians and nurses in a hospital. The prisoners
should feel that the officials are their friends. that Civil liberty is not criminal liberty.[14]
They are there to help them regain their mental health and not to harass them in any way.
The popular governments have to issue necessary orders, but meanwhile the jail staff can do
not a little to humanize their administration.[15]
While analyzing the above Gandhian view point and the present day situation, we can say
that the role of police from Indian perspective and the area covered by Indian Police is too wide
and they have very less infrastructure to cope-up the whole situation which can be seen in the
next segment.
4. PRESENT DAY PROBLEMS
Today when we see any police personnel, we imagine a person who is totally corrupt, will ask
money as bribe from us in the form of doing our work as soon as possible, may not listen to our
heeds unless and until we have a good approach of some high profile person, a personality with
a big tummy and what ever bad we can think of them in any form. This explains the state of
mind he is having for these folks. But on the other hand, the incidents of 26th
November, 2008
and so on also makes us to feel ashamed that we are wrong somewhere, these people are not
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like what we had imagined or portraited them in our thoughts. We have to see the other side of
the situation also or the reality of the working of the police can be summed as like this:
• What ever are the circumstances, these people say no to any assignment.
• The working hours are too long.
• They also have to manage the traffic in the pollution as well in the dry, cold, hot and
wet conditions. If one of us has to work into these circumstances, we might collapse in
one or two days time but these people are working day and night without any problem.
• We have to see also that these people are also not paid enough for their work which is
one of the reasons that they have to beg from others.
• The other reason is we are ourselves because when ever we commit any mistake, we try
to subdue it by offering the money to the police and walk away without any punishment.
• The other reason of the failure of the police force are our politicians for whose protection
they have to be ready all the time but they are treating these heroes as their servants and
to serve their children only.
• The police force is not well equipped to cope with any emergency or situation like of
26th
November, 2008.
• Too much interference of the politics in the working of the police administration and its
appointments.
• Police reforms were done a long time back which are now outdated and need more
radical and practical changes.
• No one cares for their families after they are gone because of some incidence, shootout
or with fighting with any criminal or of the any other reason while working in the force.
5. GANDHIAN SOLUTION
While utilizing the services of the police, Gandhi had mentioned that if we want to have the
services of the police personal’s then we too have to come forward and provide them some of
the basic help so that they can provide their best to all. The basic idea of Gandhi on the
formation of the Police (a non-violent group of socially aware people) was to prepare a non-
violent group in the locality or in the area, which will work for the betterment and protection of
the rights of the respective citizens and near by areas. But the overall working of the group
would be to help the higher body i.e. the Police Force and the modalities of the same group
along with the creation of the police were like that[16]:
• A non-violent group acts unlike armed men, as well in times of peace as in times of
disturbances. Theirs will be the duty of bringing warring communities together, carrying
peace propaganda, engaging in activities that would bring and keep them in touch with
every single person in their parish or division. Such group should be ready to cope with
any emergency, and in order to still the frenzy of mobs should risk their lives in numbers
sufficient for that purpose.
• Satyagraha (truth-force) brigades can be organized in every village and every block of
buildings in the cities. In non-violent bodies the charger or soul force must mean
everything and the physique must take second place. It is difficult to find such persons.
That is why the non-violent force must be small if it is to efficient. [If the non-violent
society is attacked from without] there are two ways open to non-violence. To yield
possession, but non-cooperate with the aggressor...prefer death to submission. The
second way would be non-violent resistance by the people who have been trained in the
non-violent way.
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• The unexpected spectacle of endless rows upon rows of men and women simply dying
rather than surrender to the will of an aggressor must ultimately melt him and his
soldiery.
• A nation or group which has made non-violence its final policy cannot be subjected to
slavery even by the atom bomb.
• Before general disarmament commences some nation will have to disarm herself and
take large risks. The level of non-violence in that nation, if that even happily comes to
pass, will naturally have risen so high as to command universal respect.
Further, he added that a soldier of peace, unlike the one of sword, has to give all his spare
time to the promotion of peace alike in war time as in peace time. A soldier who needs the
protection of even a stick, is to that extent so much the less of a soldier. He is the true soldier
who knows how to die and stand his ground in the midst of a hail of bullets. Whilst as a soldier
he must avoid no unavoidable risk, he must not recklessly run the risk of being killed. A soldier
never worries as to what shall happen to his work after him but thinks only of the immediate
duty in front of him. A true soldier does not argue, as he is confident that if he only plays the
humble part well, somehow or other the battle will be won.[17] At another place Gandhi had
mentioned that, “Peace restored with the help of the police and its elder brother, the military,
will strengthen the hold of the foreign government and emasculate us still further.”[18]
6. CONCLUSION
Gandhi had dreamed of India where one can live without any difficulty and without any
problem, but so far as the reality is concerned in India, the situation is totally different because
of the one or the other reasons. In the present times, to think without the police would be just
like living in the hell because the present day police is doing their best or on other words doing
more than enough from their side to safeguard the Indian masses and also managing their life’s
without much difficulty. The basic requirement from our side is that we all should put our best
efforts and give them their due respect in terms of their work and services rendered to us. The
other thing is that the Governments at their respective levels i.e., at the centre as well as at the
states level should form the polices according the need of the hour and should also work in the
financial and health matters.
REFERENCES
[1] Bhattacharyya, Atulchandra, History of Police Organisation in India and Indian Village Police
Being Select Chapters of The Report of The Indian Police Commission, 1902-03 (Calcutta:
Calcutta University Press), 1913, p. 1.
[2] Ibid., p. 3.
[3] Ibid., pp. 5-6.
[4] Ibid., p. 6.
[5] Ibid., pp. 6-7.
[6] Ibid., p. 7.
[7] Ibid., p. 19.
[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police#cite_note-0
[9] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Police_Service
[10] www.whatwouldgandhido.net
8. Gandhi on Non-violent Police
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[11] https://www.gandhiashramsevagram.org/voice-of-truth/gandhiji-on-police-crimes-and-
jails.php
[12] See also: Gandhi, M. K., Voices of Truth ed. By Shriman Narayan, Ahmedabad: Navajivan
Trust, 1969
[13] Gandhi, M. K., Harijan, 1-9-40, p. 265
[14] Harijan, 5-5-46, p. 124
[15] Harijan, 23-10-37, p. 308
[16] Harijan, 2-11-47, pp. 395-96
[17] www.whatwouldgandhido.net
[18] Sen. N. B. (ed.), Wit and Wisdom of Mahatma Gandhi (New Delhi: New Book Society of India),
1960 Edition, p. 212.
[19] Tendulkar, D.G., Mahatma Vol. No. 7 (New Delhi: Publications Division), 2nd
Edn.1960, p.
167.