Treatment of congenital heart disease
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The document discusses various surgical and catheter-based interventions for congenital heart diseases in children. It provides an overview of procedures performed to treat conditions like atrial septal defects (ASD), ventricular septal defects (VSD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries (TGA), single ventricle physiology, and truncus arteriosus. Videos are included to demonstrate techniques for ASD closure, VSD closure, balloon septostomy for TGA, arterial switch procedure for TGA, and surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot.
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Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Guideline
The document summarizes guidelines from the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) for the diagnosis and management of stable ischemic heart disease. It provides recommendations on establishing diagnosis and prognosis through history, physical exam, testing. It recommends non-invasive testing such as exercise ECG or imaging to diagnose patients with chest pain symptoms. The guidelines also discuss assessing prognosis based on factors like anatomical disease burden and left ventricular function. It provides guidance on selecting initial diagnostic tests and interpreting high risk features of test results.
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Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) are abnormal blood vessels that provide blood flow to the lungs in some patients with congenital heart defects. MAPCAs originate from the aorta or its branches and connect abnormally to the pulmonary arteries. They develop when normal pulmonary blood flow is obstructed in utero. MAPCAs vary in number, origin and path to the lungs. They may cause uneven blood flow within the lungs and become narrowed over time. The clinical presentation of patients with MAPCAs depends on the pattern of blood flow they provide.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent opening between the two major blood vessels leading from the heart. The opening (ductus arteriosus) is a normal part of a baby's circulatory system in the womb that usually closes shortly after birth. If it remains open, it's called a patent ductus arteriosus.
A small patent ductus arteriosus often doesn't cause problems and might never need treatment. However, a large patent ductus arteriosus left untreated can allow poorly oxygenated blood to flow in the wrong direction, weakening the heart muscle and causing heart failure and other complications.
Treatment options for a patent ductus arteriosus include monitoring, medications, and closure by cardiac catheterization or surgery.
Glen shunt (BDG)
1) Cavopulmonary connections like the Glenn shunt divert systemic venous return directly to the pulmonary circulation, improving oxygen saturation for patients with single ventricle physiology.
2) The Glenn shunt involves anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery, reducing the volume load on the single ventricle.
3) Immediate postoperative issues include managing ventilation, elevated cavopulmonary pressures, hypertension/bradycardia, low cardiac output, and cyanosis which may result from pulmonary or systemic venous desaturation or decreased pulmonary blood flow.
Stress Echocardiography
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Asd ppt
The document discusses atrial septal defects (ASDs), including indications for closure, procedural details, and echocardiographic assessment. Key points include:
- ASD closure is recommended in the presence of right-sided heart volume overload or symptoms. It prevents further deterioration and helps normalize heart size.
- Indications for closure include hemodynamically significant ASD, paradoxical embolism risk, and transient cyanosis. Contraindications include irreversible pulmonary hypertension.
- Echocardiography is used to assess defect size, rims, and shunt severity. Deficient rims, especially aortic and superior vena cava, increase erosion risk post-closure.
Atrial Septal Defect
- An atrial septal defect (ASD) is an opening in the wall separating the left and right atria of the heart that was not present at birth.
- The most common type is an ostium secundum defect, which accounts for 70-75% of ASDs.
- Small ASDs may close on their own, but larger defects require closure to prevent long term complications like heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.
- Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic test used to identify the size, location and type of ASD.
Atrioventricular septal defects
Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) are congenital heart defects involving a defect in the atrioventricular septum and abnormal atrioventricular valves. They are broadly divided into partial and complete forms. Complete AVSD is associated with lack of fusion between the superior and inferior endocardial cushions and requires early surgical repair in infancy to prevent heart failure. Partial AVSD involves an incomplete fusion resulting in a cleft left anterior heart valve, and surgical repair is typically performed later in childhood. Early surgical repair is indicated for complete AVSD and partial AVSD with significant heart valve issues, while stable partial defects may be repaired later in childhood.
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Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) are abnormal blood vessels that provide blood flow to the lungs in some patients with congenital heart defects. MAPCAs originate from the aorta or its branches and connect abnormally to the pulmonary arteries. They develop when normal pulmonary blood flow is obstructed in utero. MAPCAs vary in number, origin and path to the lungs. They may cause uneven blood flow within the lungs and become narrowed over time. The clinical presentation of patients with MAPCAs depends on the pattern of blood flow they provide.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent opening between the two major blood vessels leading from the heart. The opening (ductus arteriosus) is a normal part of a baby's circulatory system in the womb that usually closes shortly after birth. If it remains open, it's called a patent ductus arteriosus.
A small patent ductus arteriosus often doesn't cause problems and might never need treatment. However, a large patent ductus arteriosus left untreated can allow poorly oxygenated blood to flow in the wrong direction, weakening the heart muscle and causing heart failure and other complications.
Treatment options for a patent ductus arteriosus include monitoring, medications, and closure by cardiac catheterization or surgery.
Glen shunt (BDG)
1) Cavopulmonary connections like the Glenn shunt divert systemic venous return directly to the pulmonary circulation, improving oxygen saturation for patients with single ventricle physiology.
2) The Glenn shunt involves anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery, reducing the volume load on the single ventricle.
3) Immediate postoperative issues include managing ventilation, elevated cavopulmonary pressures, hypertension/bradycardia, low cardiac output, and cyanosis which may result from pulmonary or systemic venous desaturation or decreased pulmonary blood flow.
Stress Echocardiography
This document provides an overview of stress echocardiography including objectives, indications, protocols, interpretation, and complications. Key points include: stress echo can evaluate CAD using exercise or pharmacologic stress with dobutamine; it has good sensitivity and specificity for CAD compared to nuclear imaging; and provides prognostic information on cardiac events. Interpretation focuses on changes in wall motion, ejection fraction, and detection of ischemia. Stress echo helps evaluate multiple conditions including viability, valvular disease, and cardiomyopathies.
Asd ppt
The document discusses atrial septal defects (ASDs), including indications for closure, procedural details, and echocardiographic assessment. Key points include:
- ASD closure is recommended in the presence of right-sided heart volume overload or symptoms. It prevents further deterioration and helps normalize heart size.
- Indications for closure include hemodynamically significant ASD, paradoxical embolism risk, and transient cyanosis. Contraindications include irreversible pulmonary hypertension.
- Echocardiography is used to assess defect size, rims, and shunt severity. Deficient rims, especially aortic and superior vena cava, increase erosion risk post-closure.
Atrial Septal Defect
- An atrial septal defect (ASD) is an opening in the wall separating the left and right atria of the heart that was not present at birth.
- The most common type is an ostium secundum defect, which accounts for 70-75% of ASDs.
- Small ASDs may close on their own, but larger defects require closure to prevent long term complications like heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.
- Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic test used to identify the size, location and type of ASD.
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Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) are congenital heart defects involving a defect in the atrioventricular septum and abnormal atrioventricular valves. They are broadly divided into partial and complete forms. Complete AVSD is associated with lack of fusion between the superior and inferior endocardial cushions and requires early surgical repair in infancy to prevent heart failure. Partial AVSD involves an incomplete fusion resulting in a cleft left anterior heart valve, and surgical repair is typically performed later in childhood. Early surgical repair is indicated for complete AVSD and partial AVSD with significant heart valve issues, while stable partial defects may be repaired later in childhood.
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- Embryologically, abnormal leftward looping of the heart tube during development results in the inverted ventricles. The conduction system and coronary arteries also have abnormal anatomy.
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2. The clinical presentation and complications of Eisenmenger syndrome including pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, erythrocytosis, bleeding, cholelithiasis and others.
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Transposition of the great arteries(TGA)
This document provides information on dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), including that it accounts for 5-7% of congenital heart defects and has a 3:1 male to female ratio. Half of D-TGA cases have no other associated defects besides a PFO or PDA. The document discusses the anatomy of D-TGA, associated defects like VSD that can occur, natural history, clinical features, investigations including echocardiography views, management approaches both medically and surgically, and complications. Key surgical procedures mentioned are arterial switch operation, Rastelli procedure, and atrial level switch.
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This document discusses coarctation of the aorta, including:
1. The definition and history of coarctation as a congenital narrowing of the upper descending thoracic aorta.
2. Theories on the pathogenesis of coarctation related to reduced blood flow through the left side of the heart or abnormal ductal tissue.
3. Types of coarctation including preductal and postductal, and surgical techniques for repair such as patch aortoplasty or bypass grafting.
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Stress echocardiography enables evaluation of cardiac function at rest and during exercise or pharmacologic stress. It can detect wall motion abnormalities indicative of ischemia and assess valvular function, left ventricular outflow tract gradients, and pulmonary pressures. Exercise or pharmacologic agents like dobutamine are used to induce stress. Indications include evaluating known or suspected coronary artery disease, viability, and valvular diseases. The test is contraindicated in acute coronary syndromes or hemodynamically significant valvular stenosis. Imaging is performed at rest and peak stress to detect new or worsening wall motion abnormalities. Doppler can also evaluate hemodynamic changes with stress.
surgery.Congenital heart disease.(dr.aram)
Congenital heart disease (CHD) describes abnormalities present at birth that affect the structure and function of the heart. The most common CHDs are ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, coarctation of the aorta, and patent ductus arteriosus. CHDs can cause cyanosis, heart failure, or no symptoms depending on the specific defect and severity of shunting.
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This document discusses the surgical approaches for cyanotic congenital heart disease. It begins with an introduction and overview of topics to be covered, including fetal and adult circulation physiology. It then discusses various defects such as transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, and total anomalous pulmonary venous return. It outlines the history of various palliative and corrective surgeries performed over time, such as Blalock-Taussig shunts, cavopulmonary connections, and arterial switch operations. It provides guidance on timing of surgeries based on disease type and clinical status. It also discusses complications of the Fontan procedure. The document aims to close gaps in understanding regarding why certain surgeries are
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The document discusses atrial septal defect (ASD), including its embryology, types, pathophysiology, natural history, evaluation, and management. ASD is a congenital heart defect characterized by an opening in the interatrial septum that causes blood to flow from the left atrium to the right atrium. The size and location of the defect determines symptoms and treatment, which may include medical management, interventional closure, or surgical repair.
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A PFO or ASD is present essentially in those who survive after birth
When pulmonary veins drain anomalously into the right atrium either because of complete absence of the interatrial septum or malattachment of the septum primum , then it is known as total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
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This document discusses the anatomy, embryology, and management of L-TGA (transposition of the great arteries). Some key points:
- In L-TGA, the ventricles are inverted such that the morphologic right ventricle is on the left and pumps blood to the lungs, while the morphologic left ventricle is on the right and pumps blood to the body.
- Embryologically, abnormal leftward looping of the heart tube during development results in the inverted ventricles. The conduction system and coronary arteries also have abnormal anatomy.
- Clinical features may include congenital heart block, progressive tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary stenosis, and heart failure. Diagn
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Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital narrowing of the aorta near the site where the ductus arteriosus attaches. It can range from a localized stenosis to tubular hypoplasia of the aorta. Left untreated, it causes increased blood pressure in the upper body and heart complications due to increased workload. Surgical repair techniques include subclavian flap aortoplasty, end-to-end anastomosis, and patch angioplasty. Postoperative risks include recoarctation, spinal cord injury, and persistent hypertension. Long term follow up is needed due to risks of aneurysm and cardiovascular complications.
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Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) is a congenital heart defect where the pulmonary valve is blocked, preventing blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs. It occurs in 1-3% of congenital heart diseases. Surgical interventions for PAIVS have improved, with 5-year survival rates now around 80%. Treatment depends on factors like the size of the tricuspid valve and whether the coronary arteries depend on blood flow from the right ventricle. Options include biventricular repair, univentricular repair, or transplantation.
ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE GUIDELINES - INTRODUCTION
This document provides guidelines for managing adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). It discusses how ACHD involves a range of cardiac abnormalities present at birth, excluding inherited disorders. When ACHD involves acquired disease, the focus is on differences from that disease due to anatomy, other lesions, or patient age. Survival of severe CHD to adulthood is now over 90%, but ACHD patients are heterogeneous in anatomy, physiology, and surgical history. The document presents a classification system to comprehensively assess ACHD severity based on anatomy and physiology.
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This document provides an overview of medical management in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome. It discusses:
1. The history and pathophysiology of Eisenmenger syndrome, which develops when a pre-existing left-to-right shunt reverses direction due to high pulmonary vascular resistance, causing hypoxemia.
2. The clinical presentation and complications of Eisenmenger syndrome including pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, erythrocytosis, bleeding, cholelithiasis and others.
3. Evaluations including echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization and imaging studies to characterize the underlying anatomy and assess pulmonary pressures and resistance.
4. Medical management focuses on pulmonary vasodilators like
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D o r v
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a congenital heart defect where both the aorta and pulmonary artery exit from the right ventricle, with no arteries arising from the left ventricle. DORV occurs in multiple forms depending on the position and size of the great arteries and location of the ventricular septal defect. Surgical repair is the definitive treatment and involves correcting any pulmonary stenosis and patching the VSD to direct blood from the left ventricle to the aorta.
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This document discusses the medical management and long-term complications of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). It covers cyanotic spell management, surgical correction including palliative procedures, and long-term sequelae following TOF repair such as residual lesions, pulmonary insufficiency, ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities.
Acynotic congenital heart disease 2021
This document discusses acyanotic congenital heart disease. It classifies acyanotic defects into left-to-right shunts including ventricular septal defects (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). It also discusses obstructive lesions such as aortic stenosis and pulmonary stenosis. The document provides details on the prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of VSD and PDA. VSD is the most common congenital heart defect, presenting with heart murmur and signs of heart failure. PDA presents with murmur and respiratory distress. Both are diagnosed by echocardiogram and managed medically or surgically.
Pediatric-Cardiology-101.ppt
This document provides an overview of pediatric cardiology for medical students. It discusses the fetal, transitional, and postnatal circulations and how congenital heart defects disrupt normal circulation. It describes left-to-right shunts like VSDs and PDA that cause left heart enlargement and right-to-left shunts like Tetralogy of Fallot that cause cyanosis. Obstructive lesions like critical aortic stenosis that require ductal flow are discussed. The physical exam findings for different defects are outlined along with innocent murmurs and hereditary cardiac conditions.
Transposition of the great arteries(TGA)
This document provides information on dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), including that it accounts for 5-7% of congenital heart defects and has a 3:1 male to female ratio. Half of D-TGA cases have no other associated defects besides a PFO or PDA. The document discusses the anatomy of D-TGA, associated defects like VSD that can occur, natural history, clinical features, investigations including echocardiography views, management approaches both medically and surgically, and complications. Key surgical procedures mentioned are arterial switch operation, Rastelli procedure, and atrial level switch.
Mitral valve stenosis
Mitral valve stenosis is a narrowing of the mitral valve opening that causes blood to back up in the lungs. The main cause is rheumatic fever which causes thickening and scarring of the mitral valve leaflets. As the opening narrows below 2 cm^2, it causes increased pressure in the lungs and left atrium that can lead to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. Diagnosis is made through echocardiogram and symptoms of exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and cough. Treatment options include medications, surgical repair or replacement of the mitral valve, and percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty using a balloon catheter.
Coarctation of the Aorta
Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta that occurs most commonly near the ligamentum arteriosum. It affects 8-10% of congenital heart disease cases and is more common in males. If unrepaired, complications can include heart failure, aortic rupture, and hypertension. Treatment involves opening the coarctation through surgery or catheterization to restore blood flow to the lower body and reduce blood pressure in the upper body.
Coarctation of aorta
This document discusses coarctation of the aorta, including:
1. The definition and history of coarctation as a congenital narrowing of the upper descending thoracic aorta.
2. Theories on the pathogenesis of coarctation related to reduced blood flow through the left side of the heart or abnormal ductal tissue.
3. Types of coarctation including preductal and postductal, and surgical techniques for repair such as patch aortoplasty or bypass grafting.
4. Presentation varies from heart failure in neonates to hypertension in older children and adults, with complications including aneurysm and rupture.
Stress echocardiography
Stress echocardiography enables evaluation of cardiac function at rest and during exercise or pharmacologic stress. It can detect wall motion abnormalities indicative of ischemia and assess valvular function, left ventricular outflow tract gradients, and pulmonary pressures. Exercise or pharmacologic agents like dobutamine are used to induce stress. Indications include evaluating known or suspected coronary artery disease, viability, and valvular diseases. The test is contraindicated in acute coronary syndromes or hemodynamically significant valvular stenosis. Imaging is performed at rest and peak stress to detect new or worsening wall motion abnormalities. Doppler can also evaluate hemodynamic changes with stress.
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Congenital heart disease (CHD) describes abnormalities present at birth that affect the structure and function of the heart. The most common CHDs are ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, coarctation of the aorta, and patent ductus arteriosus. CHDs can cause cyanosis, heart failure, or no symptoms depending on the specific defect and severity of shunting.
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Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Tricuspidatresia, and Pulmonary atresia are congenital heart defects that can be treated through multi-stage corrective surgeries or heart transplantation. The Norwood procedure is performed in stages to allow blood to circulate in babies with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Tricuspid atresia and Pulmonary atresia are also treated through initial shunt procedures followed by the bidirectional Glenn and later extracardiac Fontan procedures to reconstruct the circulatory system.
Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect 3
This document summarizes a presentation on transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD). A 65-year-old female patient presented with shortness of breath and occasional palpitations. Testing revealed a 14mm ASD with left-to-right shunting and right ventricular dilation. The patient underwent a successful transcatheter closure of the ASD using an 22mm Amplatzer device. The presentation covered recommendations for when closure is indicated based on defect size and shunt ratio, advantages of device closure over surgery, potential complications, and follow-up care after the procedure.
VSD devices
This document summarizes different devices used for closing ventricular septal defects (VSDs). It describes the common complications of VSD devices which are mostly minor, including embolization, arrhythmias, and conduction defects. Three types of Amplatzer devices are outlined - the muscular VSD device, asymmetric VSD occluder, and perimembranous VSD devices. Sizes and designs of each are provided. Results of post-myocardial infarction VSD closure show high residual leak rates. Finally, it briefly mentions some VSD devices manufactured in China including by Yatai and Lifetech, and introduces the novel NitOcclud VSD coil.
Aortic coarctation - Khaled Ghanem MD
Aortic coarctation is a narrowing of the aorta that commonly occurs near the insertion of the ductus arteriosus. It accounts for 6-8% of congenital heart defects. Diagnosis involves physical exam findings like hypertension and diminished pulses as well as imaging tests like echocardiogram and CT/MRI angiography. Treatment depends on age and severity, ranging from surgical repair for critical cases to balloon angioplasty or stenting for older children with non-critical coarctation. Long term follow up is needed due to risks of complications like recoarctation and hypertension.
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Best in India
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery often deals with heart problems in children, the cause of congenital heart diseases which are common heart ailments among new born children and involves deficiencies like structural defects, congenital arrythmias and cardiomyopathies, which result in different kinds of abnormalities related to the heart. Congenital heart disease is a cause of improper growth of the heart or blood vessels before birth.
Ventricular Septal Defects - A Review
Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are congenital holes in the wall separating the left and right ventricles of the heart. Henri Roger first described VSDs in 1879. VSDs are classified based on their location, with the main types being membranous, muscular, inlet, and outlet. The size of the defect determines the severity, with smaller defects having little impact and larger defects causing significant left-to-right shunting of blood. Symptoms range from none with small defects to heart failure in infants with large defects. Treatment may involve monitoring for closure, surgery, or device closure depending on the size and impact of the defect.
Cardiac Interventions in Pediatric Cardiology: The Future
Pediatric cardiac interventions have advanced significantly, with balloon angioplasties and devices now used routinely to treat conditions like atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, and patent ductus arteriosus. Newer interventions still in clinical trials include muscular VSD and perimembranous VSD device closure, flow restrictor implantation as an alternative to pulmonary artery banding, and components of the Norwood procedure in the catheterization lab. While short term outcomes are encouraging for many procedures, long term data is still needed to fully evaluate safety and efficacy. Continued innovation holds promise for more pediatric heart conditions to be treated using minimally invasive techniques.
Tortuous vessel pci navin
This document provides several tips and tricks for navigating tortuous coronary arteries during cardiac catheterization procedures:
1) Shorter and more flexible stents and balloons can be delivered through more tortuous segments. An "anchor" technique using a buddy balloon can also aid delivery.
2) Stiffer wires can cause spasm, so microcatheters, buddy balloons, and telescopic guide systems may help. The Hi-Torque Wiggle wire can deflect to pass tortuous segments.
3) While rapid-exchange devices are faster, over-the-wire devices may track and deliver better in tortuosity. Laser or rotablater should be avoided due to risk of complications
ECHO ASSESSMENT OF ASD FOR DEVICE CLOSURE
preop TEE assessment of atrial septal defect is very important for making decision for device closure, properly assessed adequate rims of ASD will reduce risk of device embolization to almost nil.
ASD devices
This document summarizes various devices used to close atrial septal defects (ASDs), including their designs, sizes, advantages, and disadvantages. The most commonly used device is the Amplatzer Septal Occluder, which has a double disc design and is self-expanding. Other devices discussed include the Gore HELEX, Lifetech/Cera, Figulla, Cardioseal/Starflex, and newer bioabsorbable options like the Biotrek. Complication rates of ASD device closure are generally low, below 10%, with embolization and arrhythmias being the most common issues. Larger trials have shown the Amplatzer to be very effective and easy
Vsd device closure
Based on the size of the defect, perimembranous VSDs between 4-18 mm in diameter would be suitable for closure with the Amplatzer VSD occluder. The device size would need to be selected based on the actual defect size as assessed by echocardiography. Adequate rims around the defect are required but specifics on rim measurements are not provided in this document. Other factors such as indications for closure and no contraindications to the percutaneous approach would also need to be evaluated for a particular patient.
Fontan procedure
The Fontan procedure is a palliative surgery used to treat children born with complex congenital heart defects affecting one of the heart's ventricles. It involves redirecting blood flow from the upper and lower body directly to the lungs, bypassing the morphologic right ventricle. The procedure is performed in stages, with the first redirecting blood flow from the upper body and the second from the lower body as well. While palliative, it can improve quality of life by allowing for normal growth and development in many cases.
10 M.S. Dhoni quotes that prove you should #LoveWhatYouDo
M.S. Dhoni has experienced great success as a cricket player, becoming India's most successful wicketkeeper and captain. However, his journey was not easy and involved struggling from a small town upbringing. Dhoni was able to achieve so much because he followed his passion for cricket from a young age, practicing constantly with tennis balls and keeping his focus on improvement. His various quotes illustrate how loving what you do can help you find the strength and commitment to overcome challenges, make sacrifices, and ultimately excel in your field.
Congenital heart disease (1)
This document discusses congenital heart disease. Some key points:
1. Congenital heart disease results from abnormalities present from birth. It is the most common form of heart disease in infants and children.
2. Causes include genetic factors, maternal infections, drugs/alcohol exposure. Presentations include cyanosis, heart failure, murmurs.
3. Types include septal defects, obstructions, malpositions. Defects are classified as acyanotic (left-to-right shunts) or cyanotic (right-to-left shunts).
4. Specific conditions discussed include ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of
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surgical approach of cyanotic congenital heart disease
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Congenital heat disease picture quiz
The document appears to be a quiz for pediatric cardiology containing questions about various cardiac procedures, surgeries, diagnoses, and conditions. It asks the reader to identify surgical procedures like the Waldhausen repair for coarctation of the aorta and the Norwood stage 1 procedure. It also asks about cardiac diagnoses such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, truncus arteriosus, and Shone complex. The quiz is getting the reader ready to swap their answer sheets for grading.
Congenital heart disease toufiqur rahman NICVD
Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to defects present since birth. CHD affects approximately 1% of live births. While most forms of CHD can be treated with surgery, leading to a cure, challenges remain in Bangladesh including late presentation, limited resources, and lack of awareness. Proper management of CHD depends on precise diagnosis using techniques like echocardiography to identify the specific anatomy and pathophysiology. Common forms of CHD include atrial and ventricular septal defects, which can often be cured by open heart surgery, as well as more complex defects like tetralogy of Fallot.
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This document discusses minimally invasive cardiac surgery as an alternative to traditional open-heart surgery approaches. It describes different levels of minimally invasive techniques from direct vision mini-incisions to robotic-assisted port incisions. Specific minimally invasive approaches are outlined for aortic, mitral valve, coronary, and atrial septal defect surgeries. The advantages of minimally invasive surgery are noted as reduced pain, bleeding, recovery time, and improved cosmesis. However, it also requires more specialized training and equipment and may not be suitable for all patients. Early results from studies comparing minimally invasive to traditional approaches found equal mortality and neurological events despite longer surgery and bypass times with minimally invasive surgery.
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- 1. DR KIRAN V.S. PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY NARAYANA HRUDAYALAYA BANGALORE SURGICAL AND CATHETER-BASED INTERVENTIONS IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES
- 2. WHAT DO WE SEE? ACHD: Catheter interventions CHD: Surgeries What is done? Done when?
- 3. ASD
- 5. HOW IS THE DEVICE CLOSURE DONE? VIDEO 1
- 10. VSD
- 12. VSD DEVICE CLOSURE: HOW? VIDEO 2
- 13. VSD CATH
- 16. PDA
- 17. PDA IN ANGIO
- 18. PDA DEVICE
- 19. PDA DEVICE IN SITU
- 21. AORTIC STENOSIS
- 22. AORIC BALLOONING
- 23. AORTIC BALLOON
- 28. COARCTATION OF AORTA – WITH PDA
- 31. COA STENTING
- 32. COA STENT FINAL RESULT
- 33. COA SURGICAL
- 34. COA SURGICAL
- 35. COA SURGICAL SUBCLAVIAN FLAP
- 36. COA JUMP GRAFT
- 38. TETRALOGY OF FALLOT SURGERY
- 39. TETRALOGY OF FALLOT SURGERY VIDEO 3
- 40. TETRALOGY OF FALLOT SURGERY
- 41. TOF – SURGICAL CORRECTION
- 42. TAPVC
- 43. TAPVC SURGERY
- 46. TGA BALLOON SEPTOSTOMY VIDEO 4
- 47. TGA - SENNING PROCEDURE – ATRIAL SWITCH
- 48. TGA ARTERIAL SWITCH VIDEO 5
- 49. TGA – ARTERIAL SWITCH
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- 57. Hell is empty and all the devils are here! - William Shakespeare, "The Tempest"