Translation is the expression of what is expressed in one language into another target language, while preserving semantic and stylistic meaning. It involves replacing the representation of a text in one source language with an equivalent representation in a second target language. Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that reflects the author's intended meaning. It is a process that attempts to establish equivalents between two texts expressed in different languages, where the equivalents depend on the nature of the texts, their objectives, and the relationship between the two cultures and conditions.

1. What is translation?
By Roger T. Bell: is the expression in another
language( target language ) of what has
been expressed in one language( source
language), preserving semantic and stylistic
equivalencies.
is the replacement of a representation of a
text in one language by a representation of
an equivalent text in a second language.

2. What is translation?
•By Bui Tien Dao is rendering a written text
into another language in a way that the
author intended the text.
By dictionary Merriam-webster 1974
definition: translation is basically a
change of form( change from one state or
form to another, to turn into one’s own or
another language.

3. Edmond Cary:” Translation is a process which attempts to
establish equivalents between two texts expressed in two
different languages. These equivalents are, by definition,
always dependent on the nature of the two texts, on their
objectives, on the relationship between the two cultures
involved and their moral, intellectual and emotional
conditions
Translation is rendering a written text into
another language in the way that the author
intended the text. It concerned with the written
word.

4. What is interpreting?
Interpreting is a process of conversational exchanges between
two primary speakers and through a person called interpreter
who has knowledge and understanding of the entire
communicative situation. Including fluency in the languages,
competence in appropriate usage within each language, and
in managing the cross-cultural flow of talk.