Transforming data for inference
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•697 views
Transforming data involves changing the scale of measurement used to collect data in order to better model relationships between variables. For example, when modeling the relationship between length and weight of fish, a power model using length cubed better fits the data than a linear model, since weight is related to the cube of length. The marine lab provided reference data that was used to find the least-squares regression line equation to predict fish weights based on their lengths.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Scl 3401
This document outlines a group assignment for an introduction to statistics and data analysis course. Students will analyze data on 143 fish contaminated by toxic discharges from a chemical plant. The data includes the species, length, weight, and DDT level of each fish. Students must calculate measures of central tendency and variability for DDT levels and weights. They must also construct graphical displays like stem-and-leaf plots, dot plots, boxplots, relative frequency distributions, and histograms to analyze and compare the data.
Unit conversions
This document provides conversion factors between various units of measurement in the US Customary System (USC) and International System of Units (SI). It includes conversions for length, area, volume, mass, energy, time, and temperature between units such as miles, feet, inches, meters, grams, pounds, joules, watts, degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Prefixes for the metric system are also defined, ranging from deci to exa which are powers of ten from 10-1 to 10+18.
UNITS & CONVERSIONS
This document provides conversion factors and abbreviations for various units of measurement in the metric system including length, area, volume, weight, temperature, time, speed, force, pressure, power, angle, and other physical quantities. Some key conversions include:
- 1 meter = 100 centimeters
- 1 square meter = 10,000 square centimeters
- 1 liter = 1,000 cubic centimeters
- 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
- 0 degrees Celsius = 32 degrees Fahrenheit
- 1 newton = 100,000 dynes
- 1 bar = 100,000 pascals
English and Metric System Measurement Conversion (Revise)
English System Unit Conversion
Metric System Unit Conversion
Length Metric and English Conversion
Weight Metric and English Conversion
Volume Metric and Englis Conversion
Temperature Metric and English Conversion
Time Metric and English Conversion
Metric to Metric Equivalents
English to English Equivalents
Metric to English Equivalents
G6 m1-c-lesson 21-s
This lesson discusses converting between different units of measurement using conversion ratios. It provides examples of converting between feet and inches, grams and kilograms, and cups and quarts. Students are asked to complete exercises converting between various units using ratios and then solve word problems applying the conversions. Conversion charts with common unit ratios are also included.
Presentation -First Degree (2011)
This study compared rainfall measurements from automated QWeCI rain gauges and non-automated GMet rain gauges at several observatories in Kumasi, Ghana. The methodology involved collecting daily rainfall data from pluviometers, tipping buckets, and standard rain gauges at Airport, Agromet, Owabi, and Emena stations from June to December. Results found near perfect agreement between instrument types, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.92. In conclusion, the automated and non-automated rain gauges provided consistent rainfall measurements, validating the accuracy of the new automated equipment.
Length based catch curves
In this paper we use a simple method for the analysis of size data to estimate mortality, growth
parameters and selectivity of the different gears which catch White marlin. The benefits of using
simple methods are their visual appeal, simple statistical basis, minimal assumptions and the ease
with which estimates can be derived from different data sets. Simple length-based methods are
valuable for stock assessment as they permit the checking of assumption made for example in
complex integrated stock assessment methods like Multifan-CL or SS3 and also to generate
hypotheses for when running such methods. For example the assumptions about selectivity by
gear are important when making projections, conducting yield-per-recruit analysis and agreeing
input values for selectivity patterns to be used in forward, separable models. Simple methods help
inform such discussions and allow stock and assessment experts to communicate and allow pre
screening of the data to identify problems that might otherwise be missed.
Ref mat mathg08[1]
This document provides reference materials for the STAAR Grade 8 Mathematics test, including conversions between customary and metric units for length, volume and capacity, weight and mass, and time. It also includes formulas for calculating circumference, area, surface area, and volume for basic shapes like circles, triangles, rectangles, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, spheres, and more.
Recommended
Scl 3401
This document outlines a group assignment for an introduction to statistics and data analysis course. Students will analyze data on 143 fish contaminated by toxic discharges from a chemical plant. The data includes the species, length, weight, and DDT level of each fish. Students must calculate measures of central tendency and variability for DDT levels and weights. They must also construct graphical displays like stem-and-leaf plots, dot plots, boxplots, relative frequency distributions, and histograms to analyze and compare the data.
Unit conversions
This document provides conversion factors between various units of measurement in the US Customary System (USC) and International System of Units (SI). It includes conversions for length, area, volume, mass, energy, time, and temperature between units such as miles, feet, inches, meters, grams, pounds, joules, watts, degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Prefixes for the metric system are also defined, ranging from deci to exa which are powers of ten from 10-1 to 10+18.
UNITS & CONVERSIONS
This document provides conversion factors and abbreviations for various units of measurement in the metric system including length, area, volume, weight, temperature, time, speed, force, pressure, power, angle, and other physical quantities. Some key conversions include:
- 1 meter = 100 centimeters
- 1 square meter = 10,000 square centimeters
- 1 liter = 1,000 cubic centimeters
- 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
- 0 degrees Celsius = 32 degrees Fahrenheit
- 1 newton = 100,000 dynes
- 1 bar = 100,000 pascals
English and Metric System Measurement Conversion (Revise)
English System Unit Conversion
Metric System Unit Conversion
Length Metric and English Conversion
Weight Metric and English Conversion
Volume Metric and Englis Conversion
Temperature Metric and English Conversion
Time Metric and English Conversion
Metric to Metric Equivalents
English to English Equivalents
Metric to English Equivalents
G6 m1-c-lesson 21-s
This lesson discusses converting between different units of measurement using conversion ratios. It provides examples of converting between feet and inches, grams and kilograms, and cups and quarts. Students are asked to complete exercises converting between various units using ratios and then solve word problems applying the conversions. Conversion charts with common unit ratios are also included.
Presentation -First Degree (2011)
This study compared rainfall measurements from automated QWeCI rain gauges and non-automated GMet rain gauges at several observatories in Kumasi, Ghana. The methodology involved collecting daily rainfall data from pluviometers, tipping buckets, and standard rain gauges at Airport, Agromet, Owabi, and Emena stations from June to December. Results found near perfect agreement between instrument types, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.92. In conclusion, the automated and non-automated rain gauges provided consistent rainfall measurements, validating the accuracy of the new automated equipment.
Length based catch curves
In this paper we use a simple method for the analysis of size data to estimate mortality, growth
parameters and selectivity of the different gears which catch White marlin. The benefits of using
simple methods are their visual appeal, simple statistical basis, minimal assumptions and the ease
with which estimates can be derived from different data sets. Simple length-based methods are
valuable for stock assessment as they permit the checking of assumption made for example in
complex integrated stock assessment methods like Multifan-CL or SS3 and also to generate
hypotheses for when running such methods. For example the assumptions about selectivity by
gear are important when making projections, conducting yield-per-recruit analysis and agreeing
input values for selectivity patterns to be used in forward, separable models. Simple methods help
inform such discussions and allow stock and assessment experts to communicate and allow pre
screening of the data to identify problems that might otherwise be missed.
Ref mat mathg08[1]
This document provides reference materials for the STAAR Grade 8 Mathematics test, including conversions between customary and metric units for length, volume and capacity, weight and mass, and time. It also includes formulas for calculating circumference, area, surface area, and volume for basic shapes like circles, triangles, rectangles, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, spheres, and more.
Tc science in our world measurement 13 14
This document provides an overview of key scientific concepts including measurement, models, and units of measurement. It defines scientific terms like facts, theories, and laws. It also describes different types of models - physical, mathematical, and conceptual. Finally, it explains the International System of Units (SI system) and how to measure length, area, volume, mass, weight, density, and temperature using standard metric units.
Session 1
Units are standards used to measure physical quantities like length, time, mass, and others. The SI system uses meters for length, seconds for time, and kilograms for mass. Dimensions refer to fundamental quantities like mass, length, time, and temperature that are used to express other quantities and are independent of each other. Dimensions are represented by M, L, T, and Q.
Metric and imperial conversions
This document provides conversion factors between metric and imperial units of length, area, capacity and volume, weight, US measures, and temperature. It lists equivalents for units like centimeters to inches, meters to yards, square centimeters to square inches, liters to gallons, grams to ounces, degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit and vice versa. The goal is to have some useful conversion factors between different measurement systems.
PHYSICS: Fundamental and Derived Quantities
You will learn Fundamental and Derived Quantities,how to distinguish between them,give examples on them
Physical Science Ch. 1 Vocab
This document defines key terms used in the study of physical science, including data, controlled experiments, constants, variables, units of length, volume, mass, and density. It also introduces scientific notation as a method for expressing very large or small numbers as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
Christchurch School Vision
The document proposes integrating Christchurch School's academic programs with its waterfront resources to create a unique science-focused educational experience. It envisions establishing a new science center and laboratory spaces on campus, as well as expanding waterfront programs involving water quality monitoring, aquatic habitats, and oyster farming. The goal is to bring river-based, hands-on learning into the classroom and bring classroom projects outdoors to the river, creating a seamless integration that elevates Christchurch above other schools and benefits the local community.
Measures english, metric,-and_equivalents
This document provides information on units of measurement in both the U.S. customary system and metric system for length, weight, area, volume, temperature, and time. It includes conversion factors between the two systems for various units such as 1 inch being equal to 2.54 centimeters and 1 kilometer equaling 0.62 miles. Metric prefixes are also defined that are used to denote multiplication factors for metric units.
Understanding Mental Models and Perceptions
We all have moments when we are surprised, shocked or left speechless when we see behavior or actions that are not what we expected. In our minds, our instructions were clear and concise. How could we possibly be misunderstood? Learn how to identify your mental models and when they may enhance or inhibit our communication and listening skills ork and use this knowledge to build better relationships and improve performance.
Ladder Session 2
This document discusses the "Ladder of Inference", which describes the unconscious mental process by which people draw conclusions and make assumptions without being aware of the cognitive steps involved. It notes that climbing the ladder happens rapidly in our heads and can lead us to misguided beliefs. The document advocates using awareness, advocacy, and inquiry skills to surface our own thinking and consider other perspectives in order to understand others and communicate effectively. It provides guidance on balancing advocacy, which shares one's perspective, with inquiry, which seeks to understand other views through questioning.
Ladder Session1
This document discusses the concept of the "ladder of inference", which describes the cognitive process by which people draw conclusions from available data. It explains that people tend to draw inferences unconsciously and automatically based on their own mental models, experiences, and biases. This can lead to inaccurate conclusions if higher rungs of the ladder such as assumptions and beliefs are not checked consciously. The ladder of inference is presented as a tool to increase awareness of one's own thinking and perspective, improve communication, and make informed decisions.
Ladder_of_Inference
The Ladder of Inference describes the cognitive process where individuals move from concrete experiences and observations to broad generalizations and conclusions without testing the validity of each step. This can lead to erroneous or self-fulfilling beliefs. An example is provided of a parent picking up their child from daycare where the caregivers seem stressed. Based on past negative experiences, the parent infers their child is being disruptive and will get kicked out, without verifying the actual situation or considering other factors. The document outlines how to use the Ladder of Inference model to improve communication by making assumptions and reasoning explicit, seeking others' perspectives, and being open to questioning one's conclusions.
Mental models
The document discusses skills for balancing advocacy and inquiry in dialogue. It provides protocols and suggestions for improving advocacy through making assumptions and reasoning explicit, publicly testing ideas without defensiveness, and drawing out others' perspectives through inquiry. Suggestions are given for respectful inquiry to understand others' views and compare assumptions, as well as handling disagreements, impasses, and balancing advocacy with open listening. The overall aim is to have constructive discussions that examine all perspectives.
Ladder of Inference-#1
The ladder of inference is an important tool in understanding how we think and helping others understand why we think what we do. When working with others, this is an important capability. This brief video explains how to use the ladder to develop your leadership capability.
Ladder of inference
The Ladder of Inference is a tool that helps people understand their thought processes by making them aware of how they observe data, make assumptions and conclusions, and ultimately take action based on their beliefs. It works as a framework to analyze one's own thinking and better understand others by tracing thoughts back to their origins and opening up more mindful communication. Using the ladder can improve overall communication and foster more understanding between individuals and in workplace discussions.
Mental models - Final Presentation
These are the final slides used for the presentation of “Mental Models” at University of Central Lancashire.
SYSTEMS THINKING: Lessons From The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook by Senge, Kleik...
This document provides an overview of key concepts from systems thinking as presented in the book The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook. It discusses how systems thinking can help analyze complex issues as systems rather than isolated parts. Specific concepts covered include nonlinear relationships within systems, bounded rationality and mental models that limit our understanding of systems, and how events accumulate over time to reveal the underlying system structure.
Understanding Each Other - Ladder of Inference + Yes and... Thinking
This is a short workshop to help people understand thinking together better. I introduce the Ladder if Inference, some methods for helping people come to common understanding and explore the "Yes and..." thinking method for improving idea building.
Mental models (The Fifth Discipline)
Mental models are the internal representations that people use to understand the world. They shape perceptions and determine actions. Working with mental models involves surfacing implicit assumptions, testing them against reality, and improving understanding. Key skills include reflection, inquiry into one's own and others' perspectives, and balancing advocacy with open-minded learning. Unexamined mental models can undermine systems thinking efforts over time as organizations drift back to traditional views. Learning organizations promote practices and culture that regularly reexamine mental models for more effective decision-making.
24 9153 adjusting the origin of buoyancy edit sat
Surf-riding actions in reliable attractive following oceans for cases with a variety of LCBs and
Froude information are mimicked utilizing the numerical model. Comes concerning display that the surfriding
can't be forestalled by the modify of LCB. Be that as it may, it happens with an upper limit
momentum when ship's focal point of lightness (COB) is stimulated towards stem contrasted with affecting
towards stern, which is for the majority part since the distinctions on wave resistance brought concerning
by the changing of LCB.
Fish Population Dynamics Lab
This document outlines a practical lab on fish population dynamics. It includes definitions of key terms like fish population dynamics, stock, and gonosomatic index. It also describes several common methods to estimate fish population parameters and stock abundance, like mark-recapture methods, depletion methods, and sampling surveys. Specific questions ask students to calculate growth parameters, length-weight relationships, population estimates, and compare models like the von Bertalanffy and Ford-Walford plots used for growth estimation. The document provides data to help students complete calculations and analysis for the lab.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)
1) The study examined 145 gobies (Parachaeturichthys ocellatus) from Malad creek in Mumbai from July 2010 to August 2011. It analyzed 19 morphometric and 10 meristic characters.
2) The morphometric analysis found strong correlations between total length and standard length. Standard length showed the highest growth rate while eye diameter grew slowest. Meristic characters showed limited variation.
3) Length-weight relationships indicated negative allometry for both sexes. Males showed a stronger correlation between length and weight than females.
Auricolari, svelato il mistero dei nodi nei cavi
This document summarizes an experiment on the spontaneous knotting of strings. When a string is placed in a tumbling box and agitated, complex knots often form within seconds. The researchers analyzed over 3,400 trials of different string lengths and properties being tumbled. They found that the probability of knotting increases sharply with string length initially but then saturates below 100%. Almost all knots formed were identified as prime knots, with 120 different types observed having minimum crossing numbers up to 11. The relative probability of forming a knot decreases exponentially with the knot's minimum crossing number and energy. The researchers propose a model where knot formation is based on random braiding movements of the string ends.
More Related Content
What's hot
Tc science in our world measurement 13 14
This document provides an overview of key scientific concepts including measurement, models, and units of measurement. It defines scientific terms like facts, theories, and laws. It also describes different types of models - physical, mathematical, and conceptual. Finally, it explains the International System of Units (SI system) and how to measure length, area, volume, mass, weight, density, and temperature using standard metric units.
Session 1
Units are standards used to measure physical quantities like length, time, mass, and others. The SI system uses meters for length, seconds for time, and kilograms for mass. Dimensions refer to fundamental quantities like mass, length, time, and temperature that are used to express other quantities and are independent of each other. Dimensions are represented by M, L, T, and Q.
Metric and imperial conversions
This document provides conversion factors between metric and imperial units of length, area, capacity and volume, weight, US measures, and temperature. It lists equivalents for units like centimeters to inches, meters to yards, square centimeters to square inches, liters to gallons, grams to ounces, degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit and vice versa. The goal is to have some useful conversion factors between different measurement systems.
PHYSICS: Fundamental and Derived Quantities
You will learn Fundamental and Derived Quantities,how to distinguish between them,give examples on them
Physical Science Ch. 1 Vocab
This document defines key terms used in the study of physical science, including data, controlled experiments, constants, variables, units of length, volume, mass, and density. It also introduces scientific notation as a method for expressing very large or small numbers as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
Christchurch School Vision
The document proposes integrating Christchurch School's academic programs with its waterfront resources to create a unique science-focused educational experience. It envisions establishing a new science center and laboratory spaces on campus, as well as expanding waterfront programs involving water quality monitoring, aquatic habitats, and oyster farming. The goal is to bring river-based, hands-on learning into the classroom and bring classroom projects outdoors to the river, creating a seamless integration that elevates Christchurch above other schools and benefits the local community.
Measures english, metric,-and_equivalents
This document provides information on units of measurement in both the U.S. customary system and metric system for length, weight, area, volume, temperature, and time. It includes conversion factors between the two systems for various units such as 1 inch being equal to 2.54 centimeters and 1 kilometer equaling 0.62 miles. Metric prefixes are also defined that are used to denote multiplication factors for metric units.
What's hot (7)
Viewers also liked
Understanding Mental Models and Perceptions
We all have moments when we are surprised, shocked or left speechless when we see behavior or actions that are not what we expected. In our minds, our instructions were clear and concise. How could we possibly be misunderstood? Learn how to identify your mental models and when they may enhance or inhibit our communication and listening skills ork and use this knowledge to build better relationships and improve performance.
Ladder Session 2
This document discusses the "Ladder of Inference", which describes the unconscious mental process by which people draw conclusions and make assumptions without being aware of the cognitive steps involved. It notes that climbing the ladder happens rapidly in our heads and can lead us to misguided beliefs. The document advocates using awareness, advocacy, and inquiry skills to surface our own thinking and consider other perspectives in order to understand others and communicate effectively. It provides guidance on balancing advocacy, which shares one's perspective, with inquiry, which seeks to understand other views through questioning.
Ladder Session1
This document discusses the concept of the "ladder of inference", which describes the cognitive process by which people draw conclusions from available data. It explains that people tend to draw inferences unconsciously and automatically based on their own mental models, experiences, and biases. This can lead to inaccurate conclusions if higher rungs of the ladder such as assumptions and beliefs are not checked consciously. The ladder of inference is presented as a tool to increase awareness of one's own thinking and perspective, improve communication, and make informed decisions.
Ladder_of_Inference
The Ladder of Inference describes the cognitive process where individuals move from concrete experiences and observations to broad generalizations and conclusions without testing the validity of each step. This can lead to erroneous or self-fulfilling beliefs. An example is provided of a parent picking up their child from daycare where the caregivers seem stressed. Based on past negative experiences, the parent infers their child is being disruptive and will get kicked out, without verifying the actual situation or considering other factors. The document outlines how to use the Ladder of Inference model to improve communication by making assumptions and reasoning explicit, seeking others' perspectives, and being open to questioning one's conclusions.
Mental models
The document discusses skills for balancing advocacy and inquiry in dialogue. It provides protocols and suggestions for improving advocacy through making assumptions and reasoning explicit, publicly testing ideas without defensiveness, and drawing out others' perspectives through inquiry. Suggestions are given for respectful inquiry to understand others' views and compare assumptions, as well as handling disagreements, impasses, and balancing advocacy with open listening. The overall aim is to have constructive discussions that examine all perspectives.
Ladder of Inference-#1
The ladder of inference is an important tool in understanding how we think and helping others understand why we think what we do. When working with others, this is an important capability. This brief video explains how to use the ladder to develop your leadership capability.
Ladder of inference
The Ladder of Inference is a tool that helps people understand their thought processes by making them aware of how they observe data, make assumptions and conclusions, and ultimately take action based on their beliefs. It works as a framework to analyze one's own thinking and better understand others by tracing thoughts back to their origins and opening up more mindful communication. Using the ladder can improve overall communication and foster more understanding between individuals and in workplace discussions.
Mental models - Final Presentation
These are the final slides used for the presentation of “Mental Models” at University of Central Lancashire.
SYSTEMS THINKING: Lessons From The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook by Senge, Kleik...
This document provides an overview of key concepts from systems thinking as presented in the book The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook. It discusses how systems thinking can help analyze complex issues as systems rather than isolated parts. Specific concepts covered include nonlinear relationships within systems, bounded rationality and mental models that limit our understanding of systems, and how events accumulate over time to reveal the underlying system structure.
Understanding Each Other - Ladder of Inference + Yes and... Thinking
This is a short workshop to help people understand thinking together better. I introduce the Ladder if Inference, some methods for helping people come to common understanding and explore the "Yes and..." thinking method for improving idea building.
Mental models (The Fifth Discipline)
Mental models are the internal representations that people use to understand the world. They shape perceptions and determine actions. Working with mental models involves surfacing implicit assumptions, testing them against reality, and improving understanding. Key skills include reflection, inquiry into one's own and others' perspectives, and balancing advocacy with open-minded learning. Unexamined mental models can undermine systems thinking efforts over time as organizations drift back to traditional views. Learning organizations promote practices and culture that regularly reexamine mental models for more effective decision-making.
Viewers also liked (11)
SYSTEMS THINKING: Lessons From The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook by Senge, Kleik...
SYSTEMS THINKING: Lessons From The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook by Senge, Kleik...
Understanding Each Other - Ladder of Inference + Yes and... Thinking
Understanding Each Other - Ladder of Inference + Yes and... Thinking
Similar to Transforming data for inference
24 9153 adjusting the origin of buoyancy edit sat
Surf-riding actions in reliable attractive following oceans for cases with a variety of LCBs and
Froude information are mimicked utilizing the numerical model. Comes concerning display that the surfriding
can't be forestalled by the modify of LCB. Be that as it may, it happens with an upper limit
momentum when ship's focal point of lightness (COB) is stimulated towards stem contrasted with affecting
towards stern, which is for the majority part since the distinctions on wave resistance brought concerning
by the changing of LCB.
Fish Population Dynamics Lab
This document outlines a practical lab on fish population dynamics. It includes definitions of key terms like fish population dynamics, stock, and gonosomatic index. It also describes several common methods to estimate fish population parameters and stock abundance, like mark-recapture methods, depletion methods, and sampling surveys. Specific questions ask students to calculate growth parameters, length-weight relationships, population estimates, and compare models like the von Bertalanffy and Ford-Walford plots used for growth estimation. The document provides data to help students complete calculations and analysis for the lab.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)
1) The study examined 145 gobies (Parachaeturichthys ocellatus) from Malad creek in Mumbai from July 2010 to August 2011. It analyzed 19 morphometric and 10 meristic characters.
2) The morphometric analysis found strong correlations between total length and standard length. Standard length showed the highest growth rate while eye diameter grew slowest. Meristic characters showed limited variation.
3) Length-weight relationships indicated negative allometry for both sexes. Males showed a stronger correlation between length and weight than females.
Auricolari, svelato il mistero dei nodi nei cavi
This document summarizes an experiment on the spontaneous knotting of strings. When a string is placed in a tumbling box and agitated, complex knots often form within seconds. The researchers analyzed over 3,400 trials of different string lengths and properties being tumbled. They found that the probability of knotting increases sharply with string length initially but then saturates below 100%. Almost all knots formed were identified as prime knots, with 120 different types observed having minimum crossing numbers up to 11. The relative probability of forming a knot decreases exponentially with the knot's minimum crossing number and energy. The researchers propose a model where knot formation is based on random braiding movements of the string ends.
Hydrodynamics of Dolphin Caudal Fins
1) Experiments were conducted by varying the flow velocity, pitching amplitude, and span location of a panel shaped like a dolphin caudal fin to study the wake structure.
2) The wakes with well-developed vortices corresponded to Strouhal numbers between 0.2-0.4, supporting previous research finding this range optimal for propulsive efficiency.
3) At higher Strouhal numbers, the wake broke down further upstream, and the wake was narrower, supporting results that vortex breakdown location depends on Strouhal number.
Presentation1 (3)
This study analyzed variability in vertebral length among ecologically diverse populations of threespine stickleback fish. The researchers measured vertebral length and body length from x-rays of over 20 stickleback populations. They found that vertebral length declines along the vertebral column from front to back. Populations with longer bodies tended to have longer vertebrae. Limnetic populations in deep lakes had longer vertebrae than benthic/stream populations. Vertebral length also decreased with increasing vertebral number. Overall, the study uncovered patterns of vertebral length variation between stickleback populations adapted to different environments.
Aijrfans14 285
This document summarizes a study on the length-weight relationship and condition factor of Tetraodon cutcutia fish collected from Neematighat, Assam, India between April 2011 and March 2013. The growth coefficient (b) and condition factor (K) were calculated monthly, seasonally, and by sex. b values ranged from 1.13-2.33 for males and 1.19-5.32 for females, indicating allometric growth. K ranged from 2.66-6.722 for males and 2.362-7.048 for females. Seasonally, b was lowest in pre-monsoon and highest in post-monsoon for males, while K was highest in winter for both
PPT ON AQUA-ENG.pptx
The document describes a numerical modeling study of five gravity cage designs used in marine aquaculture. It discusses the components of a fish cage model including the floating collar, net bag, and weight. It then describes the numerical methods used to model the structural responses and hydrodynamic forces on the cages. The study analyzed how cage dimensions, net bag shape, weight configuration, and current velocity affect the cultivation volume and cost per unit volume of the different cage designs. The conclusions were that a stout circular cage design with multiple-sinker weight maintains cultivation volume best under strong currents.
Mc bride, aundrea tribal habitat conference 2010 final
The document summarizes a presentation on restoring tidal habitat at Possession Sound. It finds that:
1) Two restoration scenarios were considered - scenario 1 was likely too small to be sustainable, while scenario 2 could be sustainable but may require clearing coarse sediments from the inlet channel.
2) Predictions of fish use based on studies of other pocket estuaries in the region found juvenile salmon and sculpins would likely use the restored habitat.
3) Moving the inlet channel downstream of the boat ramp and accounting for increased flow from freshwater inputs could help clear sediments and make scenario 2 more sustainable.
3D FEM Analysis of a Wave Type Screw Channel
The paper presents a fundamental study of the polymer flow within a “wave” type screw channel. The analysis is performed on an “unwrapped” form of a conventional screw channel and a “wave” type channel of similar size. A 3D Finite Element Method
(FEM) simulation was used to simulate the flow field and flow characteristics of the wave channel are compared relative to the plain channel.
Wan Muhamad Amir et al., 2015
This document describes an alternative method for regression modeling using a weighted robust regression approach with bootstrap resampling. It involves performing linear regression, robust regression with MM estimation, and robust regression with MM estimation and bootstrap case resampling on a fisheries dataset with six variables. An optimization model is also developed to perform applied fuzzy regression on the bootstrapped data using decision variables to minimize the objective function while satisfying linear constraints. The results of this alternative method are discussed as a way to analyze small sample size data when full data collection is difficult.
Ebook Physics for scientists and engineers
This document is a solutions manual for a physics textbook. It provides answers to questions and problems from Chapter 1 which covers introduction, measurement, estimating, and units. The answers demonstrate techniques for unit conversions, determining significant figures, calculating uncertainties, and estimating quantities.
Pie Charts Histograms
1. A pie chart is used to show how something is divided or shared by displaying data as a circle divided into sectors proportional to the quantities.
2. To calculate angles and frequencies from a pie chart, you take the angle/frequency for a category and divide it by the total to get the proportional amount.
3. A histogram is similar to a bar chart but used for continuous numerical data, with bars of unequal widths to show frequency density on the y-axis rather than just frequency.
M3 l3
This document discusses various methods for transforming nonlinear data to achieve linearity so that regression analysis can be used, including power, exponential, and logarithmic transformations. It provides examples of applying each type of transformation to real world datasets involving fish length and weight, transistor counts over time, and planet distances and revolution periods. Key steps covered are identifying an appropriate transformation based on theoretical relationships between variables, applying the transformation to the data, fitting a least squares regression line to the transformed data, and using the linear model to make predictions for new data points.
Cowstail testing for Industrial rope access
Old but interesting and relevant even today. See the summary where it states that sewn terminations are not recommended for rope access use. Food for thought
Poster
This project studied the flow structure of a rotating plate to identify conditions that produce a stable leading edge vortex. Dye flow visualization was used to observe the flow at different tip speed ratios and 30 degrees angle of attack. Particle Image Velocimetry will be used in future studies. The parameters were selected based on a previous study. Experimentation varied the tip speed ratio from 1 to 7 while keeping the angle of attack constant. As the tip speed ratio increased, flow separation decreased and occurred closer to the root, and the leading edge vortex grew larger but became unstable at higher speeds. The most stable vortex was at a tip speed ratio of 5.
Star Fish2 Nus 021511
The document discusses the design and development of a bio-inspired robotic fish using modular undulating fin rays. It describes the advantages of a fish-like propulsion system over traditional propellers for underwater robots. The document then analyzes the hydrodynamics of fish swimming, presents a mechanical model for generating undulating fin motions, and discusses the design and testing of a prototype robotic fish called the Nanyang Knifefish II.
ysi-castaway-ctd-principles-of-operation
The document provides an overview of conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors and the principles behind how they are used to collect water quality data. It explains that a CTD device measures conductivity, temperature, and pressure to derive other useful parameters like salinity, sound speed, density, and depth. It also provides best practices for collecting CTD data, such as allowing the device to free fall at a steady rate and not pausing during casts.
Combined Dissertation
This document is a dissertation submitted by James Runacres for the BSc Geography degree at the University of Leicester in 2015. The dissertation examines riffle-pool spacing and its relationship to channel variables along a meandering reach of the River Lin in northwest Leicestershire. The study aims to better understand riffle-pool morphology and spacing, especially in relation to the presence of forced pools. Fieldwork was conducted to collect data on riffle and pool dimensions, and statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations between spacing and other channel features. The results provide insight into the dominant discharge and influences on riffle-pool formation in a channel with resistant geology and forced pools.
2016-Mugil cep IJFAS-June
This document studies the length-weight relationship of Mugil cephalus, a species of grey mullet, collected from the Kovalam coast of Chennai, India. The slope value (b) estimated for both male and female M. cephalus was 1.0368, indicating allometric growth. The regression equation for females was Log W = -0.7292 + 1.0368 Log L. The growth was found to be significantly different between sexes. Comparing the slope value to other brackishwater fish species, it was concluded that the slope value of 1.0368 for M. cephalus is less than the typical value of 3, indicating their growth pattern differs from the
Similar to Transforming data for inference (20)
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)
Mc bride, aundrea tribal habitat conference 2010 final
Mc bride, aundrea tribal habitat conference 2010 final
More from amylute
What are the odds notes
This document discusses the odds of a successful outcome of an event. It defines odds as the ratio of the probability of success to the probability of failure. It also notes that probability is a ratio of the desired outcome to the total possible outcomes. The document directs the reader to additional examples on specific pages to further illustrate the concept of odds and probability.
Logarithmic transformations
1. The document discusses logarithmic transformations, which can be used to transform non-linear data into a linear format to better model exponential relationships.
2. There are two options for logarithmic transformations: taking the log of just the response variable y, or taking the log of both the explanatory variable x and the response variable y.
3. Graphing the transformed data allows one to determine which option produces a more linear relationship and thus the better transformation to use.
Inference in regression line test
This document discusses regression inference and significance testing for the slope parameter in a simple linear regression model. It provides details on conducting a t-test for the slope of the population regression line to test if the slope is equal to some hypothesized value (the null hypothesis) versus an alternative hypothesis where the slope is greater than, less than, or not equal to the hypothesized value. Examples are given on interpreting test statistics and p-values and drawing conclusions about the evidence for or against a linear relationship between two variables based on the regression analysis and test results.
Regression inference confidence intervals
This document discusses regression analysis and the conditions needed to perform statistical inference on regression models. It summarizes key concepts like the population regression line, sample regression line, residuals, and sampling distributions. It then describes 5 conditions for regression inference: linearity, independence, normality, equal variance, and randomness. An example is provided of students collecting data by dropping helicopters from various heights and analyzing the results. Steps are outlined to check if the conditions are met and interpret results from the computer output and confidence interval.
Using chi square wisely
The document discusses using chi-square tests to analyze categorical data. It explains that a chi-square test for homogeneity determines if variables are distributed the same across groups, while a chi-square test for association determines if variables are associated. The key is to select the right test based on whether data came from independent samples or a single sample classified on two variables. An example analyzes data on gender and fear from scary movies using a chi-square test for association.
Chi square test for homgeneity
This document discusses conditions for performing a chi-square goodness-of-fit test and chi-square test for homogeneity. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test requires that all expected counts be greater than 5. The chi-square test for homogeneity can be used to compare distributions across multiple groups, requires random sampling and independence of observations, and that expected counts be at least 5. The document provides an example comparing wine purchases with different music, calculates the chi-square statistic, and interprets the p-value to determine if distributions differ.
Relationships across distribution
The document describes a study conducted in a supermarket to examine the effect of background music on wine purchases. Customers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: no music, French accordion music, or Italian string music. The number of bottles of French, Italian, and other wines purchased under each condition were recorded. A chi-square test is proposed to determine if the distribution of wine purchases differs across the three music treatments.
Chi square goodness of fit test
The document describes using a chi-square test to determine if the number of cars choosing each of three toll booth lanes is equal. An toll collector randomly sampled cars and recorded the lane chosen. The appropriate hypothesis is that the proportions of cars choosing each lane are equal (option c). The document then provides an example chi-square test on birth data to see if births are evenly distributed by day of week. It describes the chi-square test steps and conditions.
Chi square distribution table c
This document discusses using the chi-square statistic to test whether observed sample results differ significantly from expected results. It provides the formula for calculating chi-square and explains that larger chi-square values provide stronger evidence against the null hypothesis. It then works through an example using data on M&M colors to calculate chi-square and determine the P-value to assess significance. The key steps are outlined as calculating chi-square, determining the degrees of freedom, using a chi-square table to find the P-value based on the chi-square value and degrees of freedom, and comparing the P-value to the significance level to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Ap statistics chp. 11
This document discusses using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine if the observed color distribution of M&M's in a sample package matches the expected distribution claimed by the company. Students are instructed to calculate expected counts for each color based on the company's proportions, observe counts in their package, and calculate a chi-square statistic by summing the squared differences between observed and expected counts divided by the expected counts. A large chi-square value provides evidence against the null hypothesis that the company's claimed color distribution is correct.
Dividing polys
This document provides instructions for long hand polynomial division. It explains that polynomial division involves splitting up the dividend polynomial and dividing it by the divisor polynomial. It demonstrates the step-by-step process of long hand division with an example of (m^2 - 7m - 11) / (m - 8). The key steps are multiplying the divisor by terms of the dividend and subtracting to cancel out terms until a remainder is reached.
Solving triangles pp slides
This document contains two triangle problems. The first asks to find angle E given that f = 17 and d = 32. The second asks to find angle H given that g = 28 and h = 21.
Conditional prob & independence
1) The document discusses conditional probability and independence using examples of students with pierced ears and their gender.
2) Conditional probability is defined as P(B|A), the probability of event B occurring given that event A has already occurred.
3) The example shows that the probability of a student being male given they have pierced ears is different than the probability of being male in general, indicating the events are dependent.
Two way tables & venn diagrams
Students in a college statistics class collected data on 178 students' gender and whether their ears were pierced. They recorded this information in a two-way table to calculate probabilities. The two-way table showed that of the 90 male students, 19 had pierced ears. Of the 88 female students, 84 had pierced ears. The probabilities of being male with pierced ears, having pierced ears, or being male or having pierced ears can be determined from this two-way table.
Probability models & basic rules
This document provides an overview of key concepts in probability models, including:
1. A probability model consists of a sample space (the set of all possible outcomes) and probabilities assigned to each outcome. Common examples are coin tosses and dice rolls.
2. Events are subsets of outcomes from the sample space. The probability of an event, written P(A), is the chance it occurs.
3. For mutually exclusive events like getting a sum of 5 or 6 on dice, the total probability is the sum of the individual probabilities. Basic rules of probability include that all probabilities must sum to 1 and the probability of an event's complement is 1 minus the original probability.
Simulation
The document discusses simulations and provides examples. It describes simulating a parking lottery at a high school to determine if it was plausibly fair after two students from the same statistics class won spots. It outlines planning the simulation by numbering all 95 eligible students, those in statistics 1-28 and others 29-95, then randomly selecting two numbers using a random number table to simulate drawing winning tickets. The document also discusses simulating collecting NASCAR trading cards from cereal boxes to determine if a fan should be surprised it took 23 boxes to collect all 5 cards.
Mthys of probability
This document discusses key concepts in probability, including examples using dice, coin tosses, and the law of large numbers. It explains that the proportion of specific outcomes approaches a single probability value as the number of repetitions increases. Probability is defined as a value between 0 and 1 describing the long-run frequency of an outcome. Myths about probability, like short-run predictability and the law of averages, are also addressed.
4.3 using studies wisely
The document discusses different types of studies and the inferences that can be drawn from them. Random selection of individuals allows inferences about a population, while random assignment to groups allows inferences about causation. Observational studies using non-randomly assigned groups can infer characteristics of populations but not causation. Only randomized experiments and observational studies using random selection can potentially establish causal relationships.
4.2 blocking
Researchers want to test if a new detergent works better in warm or cold water for hand-washing clothes. To do this, they will use a randomized block design where they block, or separate, the clothes into categories based on expected differences in how they respond to temperature (e.g. cotton vs. wool). They will then randomly assign the detergent and water temperatures within each block to get more precise conclusions about how the detergent performs in each temperature for each type of fabric.
4.2 placebos & double blind
This document describes an experiment conducted by an electric company to test two approaches to encouraging energy conservation among customers: 1) providing small digital displays in households to show current electricity use and estimated monthly cost, and 2) giving customers a chart and information to monitor electricity use from their outside meter. The company will conduct an experiment comparing these two approaches to a control group that only receives general energy consumption information. The summary describes how the experiment would use a randomized design involving 60 households willing to participate, with the households randomly assigned to the three groups to compare the approaches.
More from amylute (20)
Recently uploaded
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdPCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Types of Herbal Cosmetics its standardization.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Recently uploaded (20)
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Transforming data for inference
- 1. Focus Fox handout Q’s 3, 6, 7 ,8, 10
- 2. Transforming Data Transformations can straighten a nonlinear pattern. Then, we can use a least-square regression line to make inferences and test a claim about the slope of the population. Pg. 766-767 Transforming data is changing the scale of measurement that was used when data was collected. Linear transformations cannot straighten curved relationship between two variables Functions that are not linear can transform curved relationships to a linear model
- 4. Transforming Data Imagine that you have been put in charge of organizing a fishing tournament in which prizes will be given for the heaviest Atlantic Ocean rockfish caught. You know that many of the fish caught during the tournament will be measured and released. You are also aware that using delicate scales to try to weigh a fish that is flopping around in a moving boat will probably not yield very accurate results. It would be much easier to measure the length of the fish while on the boat. What you need is a way to convert the length of the fish to its weight. You contact the nearby marine research laboratory, and they provide reference data on the length (in centimeters) and weight (in grams) for Atlantic Ocean rockfish of several sizes.
- 5. Transforming Data Because length is one-dimensional and weight (like volume) is three- dimensional, a power model of the form weight = a(length)3 should describe the relationship. What happens if we cube the lengths in the data table and then graph weight versus length3? Pg. 769 Length: 5.2 8.5 11.5 14.3 16.8 19.2 21.3 23.3 25.0 26.7 Weight: 2 8 21 38 69 117 148 190 264 293 Length: 28.2 29.6 30.8 32 33 34 34.9 36.4 37.1 37.7 Weight: 318 371 455 504 518 537 651 719 726 810
- 7. Transforming Data Give the equation of least-squares regression line. Define any variables.
- 8. Transforming Data Suppose a contestant in the fishing tournament catches an Atlantic Ocean rockfish that’s 36 cm long. Use each model to predict the fish’s weight.
- 9. Transforming Data Interpret the value of s in context.