This document summarizes a study on the length-weight relationship and condition factor of Tetraodon cutcutia fish collected from Neematighat, Assam, India between April 2011 and March 2013. The growth coefficient (b) and condition factor (K) were calculated monthly, seasonally, and by sex. b values ranged from 1.13-2.33 for males and 1.19-5.32 for females, indicating allometric growth. K ranged from 2.66-6.722 for males and 2.362-7.048 for females. Seasonally, b was lowest in pre-monsoon and highest in post-monsoon for males, while K was highest in winter for both
11.[11 13]the length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacailaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex (212 males and 174 females). Regression analysis found the relationships to be: male C. bacaila W = 0.006634 L 2.9086, female C. bacaila W = 0.012325 L 2.6478, and combined C. bacaila W = 0.013283 L 2.8097. The b values indicate males are heavier than females at equal lengths, and that environmental conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development
11.[11 13]the length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacaila - ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex (212 males and 174 females). Regression analysis found the relationships to be: male C. bacaila W = 0.006634 L 2.9086, female C. bacaila W = 0.012325 L 2.6478, and combined C. bacaila W = 0.013283 L 2.8097. The b values indicate males are heavier than females at equal lengths, and that river conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development
The length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacailaAlexander Decker
The document analyzes the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex. Regression analysis found the relationships to be: for males W = 0.006634 L2.9086, for females W = 0.012325 L2.6478, and combined W = 0.013283 L2.8097. The b values deviated from 3, indicating the river conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development. Males were found to be heavier than females at equal lengths.
This document analyzes the weight-length relationship of the rosy barb fish (Puntius conchonius) collected from water bodies in Nagaland, India. 50 fish ranging from 5.2-7.6cm and 1.6-7.1g were measured. Log-transformed regressions found high correlation between length and weight. Growth was found to be negatively allometric (not proportional to the cube of length) for mixed, male, and female populations. Predictive equations were derived relating length and weight. The relationships were significant and can help studies on the species' biology, fisheries, and management.
This document studies the length-weight relationship of Mugil cephalus, a species of grey mullet, collected from the Kovalam coast of Chennai, India. The slope value (b) estimated for both male and female M. cephalus was 1.0368, indicating allometric growth. The regression equation for females was Log W = -0.7292 + 1.0368 Log L. The growth was found to be significantly different between sexes. Comparing the slope value to other brackishwater fish species, it was concluded that the slope value of 1.0368 for M. cephalus is less than the typical value of 3, indicating their growth pattern differs from the
Aspects of the biology of african moony, monodactylus sebae from badagry cree...Alexander Decker
The document summarizes a study on the biology of the African moony fish (Monodactylus sebae) in Badagry Creek, Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 267 fish were collected from May 2012 to April 2013. The fish lengths ranged from 56-163 mm and weights ranged from 5.6-151.7 g. The length-weight relationship showed negative allometric growth. The condition factor was higher in females than males. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1 male to female.
This study compares growth estimates of the marine snail Tegula viridula obtained through two common methods: mark-recapture analysis and length-frequency analysis. Over two years, thousands of snails were collected, measured, tagged, and some recaptured to obtain direct growth data for mark-recapture analysis. Monthly length-frequency distributions were also analyzed indirectly. In the first year, the methods produced different growth parameter estimates, likely due to small sample sizes, but estimates were similar in the second year with larger samples. Combining the data produced even more similar results. A new combined methodology is proposed to better estimate growth from tag-recapture data.
Length Frequency Distribution, Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Facto...paperpublications3
Abstract: Length –Frequency Distribution, Length – Weight relationship and condition factor of Pomadasys jubelini from the Lagos lagoon were investigated for 6months in order to study the growth pattern and wellbeing of P.jubelini. A total of 305 specimens of P.jubelini were purchased from local fisher-folks on landing sites at different locations within the Lagos lagoon ( Majidun, Makoko, Ibese, Bayeiku) from January 2012 to June 2012 and used for this study. Their Total length ranging from 12cm to 29.5cm and body weight ranged from 21.3g to 367g. The frequency distribution showed a polymodal distribution of P.jubelini. The size class of 18.0cm to 20.9cm (TL) was more abundant. The length weight relationship was determined by regression coefficient equation Log W= -1.8357+2.9628LogL (n =305, r = 0.9213). P.jubelini showed negative allometric growth (b= 2.96). The mean condition factor 1.31, indicates that P.jubelini were in good condition in the lagoon. The result from this study is relevant for fishery management and stock assessment studies of P.jubelini from the Lagos lagoon.
11.[11 13]the length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacailaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex (212 males and 174 females). Regression analysis found the relationships to be: male C. bacaila W = 0.006634 L 2.9086, female C. bacaila W = 0.012325 L 2.6478, and combined C. bacaila W = 0.013283 L 2.8097. The b values indicate males are heavier than females at equal lengths, and that environmental conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development
11.[11 13]the length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacaila - ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex (212 males and 174 females). Regression analysis found the relationships to be: male C. bacaila W = 0.006634 L 2.9086, female C. bacaila W = 0.012325 L 2.6478, and combined C. bacaila W = 0.013283 L 2.8097. The b values indicate males are heavier than females at equal lengths, and that river conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development
The length weight relationship of a riverine fish chela bacailaAlexander Decker
The document analyzes the length-weight relationship of the riverine fish Chela bacaila collected from the Wainganga River in India. 386 fish were measured and categorized by sex. Regression analysis found the relationships to be: for males W = 0.006634 L2.9086, for females W = 0.012325 L2.6478, and combined W = 0.013283 L2.8097. The b values deviated from 3, indicating the river conditions were not optimal for the fish's healthy development. Males were found to be heavier than females at equal lengths.
This document analyzes the weight-length relationship of the rosy barb fish (Puntius conchonius) collected from water bodies in Nagaland, India. 50 fish ranging from 5.2-7.6cm and 1.6-7.1g were measured. Log-transformed regressions found high correlation between length and weight. Growth was found to be negatively allometric (not proportional to the cube of length) for mixed, male, and female populations. Predictive equations were derived relating length and weight. The relationships were significant and can help studies on the species' biology, fisheries, and management.
This document studies the length-weight relationship of Mugil cephalus, a species of grey mullet, collected from the Kovalam coast of Chennai, India. The slope value (b) estimated for both male and female M. cephalus was 1.0368, indicating allometric growth. The regression equation for females was Log W = -0.7292 + 1.0368 Log L. The growth was found to be significantly different between sexes. Comparing the slope value to other brackishwater fish species, it was concluded that the slope value of 1.0368 for M. cephalus is less than the typical value of 3, indicating their growth pattern differs from the
Aspects of the biology of african moony, monodactylus sebae from badagry cree...Alexander Decker
The document summarizes a study on the biology of the African moony fish (Monodactylus sebae) in Badagry Creek, Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 267 fish were collected from May 2012 to April 2013. The fish lengths ranged from 56-163 mm and weights ranged from 5.6-151.7 g. The length-weight relationship showed negative allometric growth. The condition factor was higher in females than males. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1 male to female.
This study compares growth estimates of the marine snail Tegula viridula obtained through two common methods: mark-recapture analysis and length-frequency analysis. Over two years, thousands of snails were collected, measured, tagged, and some recaptured to obtain direct growth data for mark-recapture analysis. Monthly length-frequency distributions were also analyzed indirectly. In the first year, the methods produced different growth parameter estimates, likely due to small sample sizes, but estimates were similar in the second year with larger samples. Combining the data produced even more similar results. A new combined methodology is proposed to better estimate growth from tag-recapture data.
Length Frequency Distribution, Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Facto...paperpublications3
Abstract: Length –Frequency Distribution, Length – Weight relationship and condition factor of Pomadasys jubelini from the Lagos lagoon were investigated for 6months in order to study the growth pattern and wellbeing of P.jubelini. A total of 305 specimens of P.jubelini were purchased from local fisher-folks on landing sites at different locations within the Lagos lagoon ( Majidun, Makoko, Ibese, Bayeiku) from January 2012 to June 2012 and used for this study. Their Total length ranging from 12cm to 29.5cm and body weight ranged from 21.3g to 367g. The frequency distribution showed a polymodal distribution of P.jubelini. The size class of 18.0cm to 20.9cm (TL) was more abundant. The length weight relationship was determined by regression coefficient equation Log W= -1.8357+2.9628LogL (n =305, r = 0.9213). P.jubelini showed negative allometric growth (b= 2.96). The mean condition factor 1.31, indicates that P.jubelini were in good condition in the lagoon. The result from this study is relevant for fishery management and stock assessment studies of P.jubelini from the Lagos lagoon.
11.[8 17]length-weight relationships of some important estuarine fish species...Alexander Decker
This document presents a study on the length-weight relationships of 23 fish species found in the Merbok estuary in northern Peninsular Malaysia. The study found:
- The b values for the length-weight relationships varied between 2.7928 and 3.6001, indicating 9 species exhibited positive allometric growth, 10 negative allometric growth, 3 isometric growth, and 1 Gompertz form of growth.
- Condition factors ranged from 0.5769 to 3.4994, showing most species were in good condition.
- This study provides the first published length-weight relationships for species from the Merbok estuary. Most fish specimens were juveniles, indicating the estuary
Analysis of length-weight relationships, condition factor and Bayesian appro...Gitartha kaushik
The document analyzes length-weight relationships, condition factor, and Bayesian approach to predict the health and shape of 17 fish species collected from Lakhimpur district, Assam, India. Length-weight relationships were calculated to estimate biomass and growth patterns. Condition factor was used to assess fatness and habitat health. The Bayesian approach found 3 species to be short and deep, 9 fusiform, and 5 elongated in shape. The study found both positive and negative allometric growth among the species, with condition factors generally above 1, indicating good individual condition.
A study on length weight relationships (lwr) and growth responses of major ca...Alexander Decker
This study examined the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lead on the growth of three major carp species: Catla catla, Labeo rohita, and Cirrhina mrigala. Fish were exposed to lead for 30 days, then transferred to ponds for 6 months of growth monitoring. Cirrhina mrigala gained the most weight, while Labeo rohita showed reduced or negative growth when exposed to lead. Analysis of length-weight relationships found allometric growth for all lead-exposed species, but isometric growth for unexposed Labeo rohita. The results could help sustainable fisheries management in river systems affected by pollution.
Population Dynamics of the Annular Seabream Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 197...Premier Publishers
Age, growth, length-weight relationship (LWR), condition factor (K) and relative condition factor (Kn) were investigated for the annular seabream Diplodus annularis collected from non-commercial catches around the Maltese Islands between July 2012 and December 2017 (N=1661). The age distribution of the specimens was found to range between 0+ and 17+ years with a positive allometric growth. Average Kn was found to be 1.03 in males and 0.99 in females. The growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy equation were: L∞=21.38, K=0.123year-1 and tₒ = -5.40year for all individuals (males, females, hermaphrodites and unsexed). This study is the first reference for D. annularis on the length weight equation parameters, condition factor, relative condition factor and age around the Maltese Islands and establishes a new maximum of 17 years.
This document discusses a study on the length-weight relationship of Pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis) fish collected from Pulicat Lake in southeast India. A total of 120 fish ranging from 3.5 to 10.5 cm in length and 2.0 to 34.0 g in weight were measured. Regression analysis found the length-weight relationship to follow an allometric growth pattern. The slope value (b) was estimated to be 1.0368, indicating the weight does not increase cubically with length. Separate regression equations were calculated for males and females. The study provides baseline information that can be used for future research and population comparisons.
Research work on incorporating damping effects on the quantum dynamics of superconductivity driven out of equilibrium by Terahertz lasers. Presented at the sack lunch seminar in the physics department of University of Minnesota.
This study examines the relationships between kernel weight and 7 walnut fruit-kernel characteristics using factor analysis and multiple linear regression. Factor analysis was used to reduce the characteristics to fewer factors and remove multicollinearity. 3 factors explaining 85.9% of variation were identified and their scores were used as predictors in a regression model for kernel weight. The model found all 3 factors significantly predicted kernel weight, together explaining 85.9% of variation in kernel weight. This approach effectively modeled complex relationships between kernel weight and characteristics.
The document examines the effects of different light intensities on the production performance of broiler chickens. It finds that light intensity had a non-significant effect on body weight and feed consumption. However, it did find a significant effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR), with chickens in the lowest light intensity group (5 lux from weeks 2-6) showing a significantly better FCR. Mortality rate was highest in the highest light intensity group (40 lux from weeks 2-6). In conclusion, energy savings can be achieved by using lower light intensities for broiler chicken production without negatively impacting performance.
- Mathematical models can be used to predict future fish stock levels and yields in order to help sustainably manage fisheries (1).
- The Beverton-Holt yield-per-recruit model is a classic population model that can estimate yield from a given number of recruits based on factors like fishing mortality and mesh size (2).
- Using this model and testing different fishing mortality levels, the maximum sustainable yield and optimal fishing mortality can be determined to help set management measures like mesh size regulations (3).
This document discusses the applications of Laplace transforms to solve mechanics problems. It provides an example of using the Laplace transform to solve a differential equation modeling the motion of a particle under a force. The Laplace transform converts the differential equation into an algebraic equation that can be solved. Taking the inverse Laplace transform gives the solution to the original problem. It also presents another example of using the Laplace transform to solve a boundary value problem modeling string vibrations, and discusses the physical interpretation of the solution.
This document discusses the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) and mobile technology in agriculture in Maharashtra, India. It finds that ICT has played an important role in agricultural development by allowing farmers to connect directly with research centers, universities, government agencies, markets, and weather departments to access information on inputs, practices, prices, and forecasts. This has increased farmers' incomes in Maharashtra. However, many farmers still lack access to and knowledge of these technologies. The document examines several ICT initiatives and portals in Maharashtra that provide agricultural information to farmers via websites, SMS services, and other platforms. Overall, ICT and mobile technologies are transforming agriculture by improving access to knowledge and markets for farmers in Maharashtra.
This document discusses genetic diversity analysis of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm in India using microsatellite markers. A total of 42 grape genotypes were analyzed using 7 microsatellite markers. A total of 45 alleles were detected among the genotypes. The microsatellites grouped the genotypes into two main clusters (A and B) based on morphological and genetic characteristics, with subclusters differentiating seeded vs seedless fruits and pigmented vs non-pigmented fruits. The study found high genetic variability among the Indian grape germplasm and that microsatellite markers are a reliable tool for diversity and breeding programs.
This document describes an online examination application developed using SAP ABAP. It allows companies and institutions to conduct exams online via the internet, intranet, or LAN. The application has four key modules: registration, question upload, examination, and result generation. It provides a more efficient alternative to manual exam processes. The system was designed using use case diagrams, context diagrams, and process flow diagrams. It allows candidates to register, take a timed test online, and immediately generates their results in the application and a PDF file. The application aims to reduce errors and streamline the exam process compared to traditional paper-based exams.
1. The document discusses the behavior of low rank high moisture coal stored in small stockpiles under controlled ambient conditions. Laboratory tests were conducted on coal samples from Indonesia to analyze properties like moisture content, calorific value, and reactivity.
2. Small-scale stockpile tests showed that natural drying can significantly reduce coal moisture content over time. However, rainfall negatively impacts the drying process. Staging the coal by size and sheltering stockpiles enhances moisture loss.
3. Analysis methods like XRD, FTIR, and TGA provided insights into the coal's amorphous structure and functional groups, which influence its moisture holding capacity. Understanding these relationships can help optimize stockpile management and drying.
This document summarizes Selenium, an open source web automation testing framework. It discusses how Selenium provides a standardized way to write automated tests for web applications using various programming languages. The document also briefly describes the different Selenium tools - Selenium IDE for recording and playing back tests in Firefox, Selenium RC for remote control of browsers, Selenium WebDriver which has replaced RC, and Selenium Grid for distributed testing on multiple machines. Some key benefits of the Selenium framework mentioned are that it is cross-browser, supports different languages, and can test web applications across domains in an automated manner.
This document describes a study that introduces a Modified Error Data Normalized Step Size (MEDNSS) algorithm for an adaptive noise canceller. The MEDNSS algorithm uses a time-varying step size that depends on normalization of both the error and data vectors. The performance of the MEDNSS algorithm is analyzed through computer simulation and compared to the Error Data Normalized Step Size algorithm in stationary and non-stationary environments with different noise power levels. Simulation results show the MEDNSS algorithm significantly improves minimizing signal distortion, excess mean square error, and misadjustment factor compared to the EDNSS algorithm.
This document presents a framework for reusing existing software agents through ontological engineering. The framework includes components like a user interface agent, query processor, mapping agent, transfer agent, wrapper agent, and remote agents containing ontologies. The query processor reformulates the user's query, the mapping agent identifies relevant ontologies, and the transfer agent sends the query to remote agents. The remote agents provide ontologies as output, which are then integrated/merged and presented back to the user interface agent. The goal is to enable reuse of heterogeneous agents across different development environments through a standardized ontology representation.
The document discusses the determination of diffusion constants in boronated powder metallurgy samples of the iron-carbon-copper system. Experiments were conducted on powdered samples with 0.1% carbon and 1-3% copper. The thickness of the boride layers formed after boronation at temperatures of 920-980°C were measured. The data was used to calculate the activation energy (Q) and pre-exponential factor (Do) based on parabolic growth curves. The results show that Q increases with sample density from 5.8 to 7 g/cm3. Adding up to 2% copper reduces Q values, but higher copper concentrations increase Q similar to pure iron samples.
1) The document discusses mechanisms for generating seed magnetic fields in plasmas, including the Weibel instability caused by electron temperature anisotropy.
2) The Weibel instability arises when an anisotropic plasma with directional temperature dependence is perturbed by a magnetic field. This draws free energy from the electron temperature anisotropy to produce a growing magnetic field.
3) Other mechanisms discussed include magnetic field generation by non-parallel density and temperature gradients (Biermann battery), counterstreaming charged particle beams (current filamentation instability), and the ponderomotive forces of intense electromagnetic beams.
This document summarizes a study analyzing the phytochemical composition of Tridax Procumbens L., a common grass found in tropical regions.
The study found that Tridax Procumbens L. contains several elements like sulfur, iron, sodium, and chlorine. It also contains various organic compounds like glycosides, amino acids, flavanol, synergic acid, tannin, steroids, polysaccharides, pectin, hemicellulose, and phenols.
Based on the presence of these elements and compounds, the study suggests that Tridax Procumbens L. may have medicinal properties and could potentially be used as an alternative to commercial drugs for treating infections,
This document summarizes a study on the spectroscopic and micellization properties of uranyl hexanoate in organic solvents. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that uranyl hexanoate has partial ionic character, with the fatty acids existing in a dimeric state through hydrogen bonding. Conductometric measurements determined the critical micellar concentration of uranyl hexanoate in DMF to be 0.03M. The addition of Sudan dye increased conductivity but did not change the critical micellar concentration. Uranyl hexanoate behaved as a simple electrolyte below the critical micellar concentration.
11.[8 17]length-weight relationships of some important estuarine fish species...Alexander Decker
This document presents a study on the length-weight relationships of 23 fish species found in the Merbok estuary in northern Peninsular Malaysia. The study found:
- The b values for the length-weight relationships varied between 2.7928 and 3.6001, indicating 9 species exhibited positive allometric growth, 10 negative allometric growth, 3 isometric growth, and 1 Gompertz form of growth.
- Condition factors ranged from 0.5769 to 3.4994, showing most species were in good condition.
- This study provides the first published length-weight relationships for species from the Merbok estuary. Most fish specimens were juveniles, indicating the estuary
Analysis of length-weight relationships, condition factor and Bayesian appro...Gitartha kaushik
The document analyzes length-weight relationships, condition factor, and Bayesian approach to predict the health and shape of 17 fish species collected from Lakhimpur district, Assam, India. Length-weight relationships were calculated to estimate biomass and growth patterns. Condition factor was used to assess fatness and habitat health. The Bayesian approach found 3 species to be short and deep, 9 fusiform, and 5 elongated in shape. The study found both positive and negative allometric growth among the species, with condition factors generally above 1, indicating good individual condition.
A study on length weight relationships (lwr) and growth responses of major ca...Alexander Decker
This study examined the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of lead on the growth of three major carp species: Catla catla, Labeo rohita, and Cirrhina mrigala. Fish were exposed to lead for 30 days, then transferred to ponds for 6 months of growth monitoring. Cirrhina mrigala gained the most weight, while Labeo rohita showed reduced or negative growth when exposed to lead. Analysis of length-weight relationships found allometric growth for all lead-exposed species, but isometric growth for unexposed Labeo rohita. The results could help sustainable fisheries management in river systems affected by pollution.
Population Dynamics of the Annular Seabream Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 197...Premier Publishers
Age, growth, length-weight relationship (LWR), condition factor (K) and relative condition factor (Kn) were investigated for the annular seabream Diplodus annularis collected from non-commercial catches around the Maltese Islands between July 2012 and December 2017 (N=1661). The age distribution of the specimens was found to range between 0+ and 17+ years with a positive allometric growth. Average Kn was found to be 1.03 in males and 0.99 in females. The growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy equation were: L∞=21.38, K=0.123year-1 and tₒ = -5.40year for all individuals (males, females, hermaphrodites and unsexed). This study is the first reference for D. annularis on the length weight equation parameters, condition factor, relative condition factor and age around the Maltese Islands and establishes a new maximum of 17 years.
This document discusses a study on the length-weight relationship of Pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis) fish collected from Pulicat Lake in southeast India. A total of 120 fish ranging from 3.5 to 10.5 cm in length and 2.0 to 34.0 g in weight were measured. Regression analysis found the length-weight relationship to follow an allometric growth pattern. The slope value (b) was estimated to be 1.0368, indicating the weight does not increase cubically with length. Separate regression equations were calculated for males and females. The study provides baseline information that can be used for future research and population comparisons.
Research work on incorporating damping effects on the quantum dynamics of superconductivity driven out of equilibrium by Terahertz lasers. Presented at the sack lunch seminar in the physics department of University of Minnesota.
This study examines the relationships between kernel weight and 7 walnut fruit-kernel characteristics using factor analysis and multiple linear regression. Factor analysis was used to reduce the characteristics to fewer factors and remove multicollinearity. 3 factors explaining 85.9% of variation were identified and their scores were used as predictors in a regression model for kernel weight. The model found all 3 factors significantly predicted kernel weight, together explaining 85.9% of variation in kernel weight. This approach effectively modeled complex relationships between kernel weight and characteristics.
The document examines the effects of different light intensities on the production performance of broiler chickens. It finds that light intensity had a non-significant effect on body weight and feed consumption. However, it did find a significant effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR), with chickens in the lowest light intensity group (5 lux from weeks 2-6) showing a significantly better FCR. Mortality rate was highest in the highest light intensity group (40 lux from weeks 2-6). In conclusion, energy savings can be achieved by using lower light intensities for broiler chicken production without negatively impacting performance.
- Mathematical models can be used to predict future fish stock levels and yields in order to help sustainably manage fisheries (1).
- The Beverton-Holt yield-per-recruit model is a classic population model that can estimate yield from a given number of recruits based on factors like fishing mortality and mesh size (2).
- Using this model and testing different fishing mortality levels, the maximum sustainable yield and optimal fishing mortality can be determined to help set management measures like mesh size regulations (3).
This document discusses the applications of Laplace transforms to solve mechanics problems. It provides an example of using the Laplace transform to solve a differential equation modeling the motion of a particle under a force. The Laplace transform converts the differential equation into an algebraic equation that can be solved. Taking the inverse Laplace transform gives the solution to the original problem. It also presents another example of using the Laplace transform to solve a boundary value problem modeling string vibrations, and discusses the physical interpretation of the solution.
This document discusses the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) and mobile technology in agriculture in Maharashtra, India. It finds that ICT has played an important role in agricultural development by allowing farmers to connect directly with research centers, universities, government agencies, markets, and weather departments to access information on inputs, practices, prices, and forecasts. This has increased farmers' incomes in Maharashtra. However, many farmers still lack access to and knowledge of these technologies. The document examines several ICT initiatives and portals in Maharashtra that provide agricultural information to farmers via websites, SMS services, and other platforms. Overall, ICT and mobile technologies are transforming agriculture by improving access to knowledge and markets for farmers in Maharashtra.
This document discusses genetic diversity analysis of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm in India using microsatellite markers. A total of 42 grape genotypes were analyzed using 7 microsatellite markers. A total of 45 alleles were detected among the genotypes. The microsatellites grouped the genotypes into two main clusters (A and B) based on morphological and genetic characteristics, with subclusters differentiating seeded vs seedless fruits and pigmented vs non-pigmented fruits. The study found high genetic variability among the Indian grape germplasm and that microsatellite markers are a reliable tool for diversity and breeding programs.
This document describes an online examination application developed using SAP ABAP. It allows companies and institutions to conduct exams online via the internet, intranet, or LAN. The application has four key modules: registration, question upload, examination, and result generation. It provides a more efficient alternative to manual exam processes. The system was designed using use case diagrams, context diagrams, and process flow diagrams. It allows candidates to register, take a timed test online, and immediately generates their results in the application and a PDF file. The application aims to reduce errors and streamline the exam process compared to traditional paper-based exams.
1. The document discusses the behavior of low rank high moisture coal stored in small stockpiles under controlled ambient conditions. Laboratory tests were conducted on coal samples from Indonesia to analyze properties like moisture content, calorific value, and reactivity.
2. Small-scale stockpile tests showed that natural drying can significantly reduce coal moisture content over time. However, rainfall negatively impacts the drying process. Staging the coal by size and sheltering stockpiles enhances moisture loss.
3. Analysis methods like XRD, FTIR, and TGA provided insights into the coal's amorphous structure and functional groups, which influence its moisture holding capacity. Understanding these relationships can help optimize stockpile management and drying.
This document summarizes Selenium, an open source web automation testing framework. It discusses how Selenium provides a standardized way to write automated tests for web applications using various programming languages. The document also briefly describes the different Selenium tools - Selenium IDE for recording and playing back tests in Firefox, Selenium RC for remote control of browsers, Selenium WebDriver which has replaced RC, and Selenium Grid for distributed testing on multiple machines. Some key benefits of the Selenium framework mentioned are that it is cross-browser, supports different languages, and can test web applications across domains in an automated manner.
This document describes a study that introduces a Modified Error Data Normalized Step Size (MEDNSS) algorithm for an adaptive noise canceller. The MEDNSS algorithm uses a time-varying step size that depends on normalization of both the error and data vectors. The performance of the MEDNSS algorithm is analyzed through computer simulation and compared to the Error Data Normalized Step Size algorithm in stationary and non-stationary environments with different noise power levels. Simulation results show the MEDNSS algorithm significantly improves minimizing signal distortion, excess mean square error, and misadjustment factor compared to the EDNSS algorithm.
This document presents a framework for reusing existing software agents through ontological engineering. The framework includes components like a user interface agent, query processor, mapping agent, transfer agent, wrapper agent, and remote agents containing ontologies. The query processor reformulates the user's query, the mapping agent identifies relevant ontologies, and the transfer agent sends the query to remote agents. The remote agents provide ontologies as output, which are then integrated/merged and presented back to the user interface agent. The goal is to enable reuse of heterogeneous agents across different development environments through a standardized ontology representation.
The document discusses the determination of diffusion constants in boronated powder metallurgy samples of the iron-carbon-copper system. Experiments were conducted on powdered samples with 0.1% carbon and 1-3% copper. The thickness of the boride layers formed after boronation at temperatures of 920-980°C were measured. The data was used to calculate the activation energy (Q) and pre-exponential factor (Do) based on parabolic growth curves. The results show that Q increases with sample density from 5.8 to 7 g/cm3. Adding up to 2% copper reduces Q values, but higher copper concentrations increase Q similar to pure iron samples.
1) The document discusses mechanisms for generating seed magnetic fields in plasmas, including the Weibel instability caused by electron temperature anisotropy.
2) The Weibel instability arises when an anisotropic plasma with directional temperature dependence is perturbed by a magnetic field. This draws free energy from the electron temperature anisotropy to produce a growing magnetic field.
3) Other mechanisms discussed include magnetic field generation by non-parallel density and temperature gradients (Biermann battery), counterstreaming charged particle beams (current filamentation instability), and the ponderomotive forces of intense electromagnetic beams.
This document summarizes a study analyzing the phytochemical composition of Tridax Procumbens L., a common grass found in tropical regions.
The study found that Tridax Procumbens L. contains several elements like sulfur, iron, sodium, and chlorine. It also contains various organic compounds like glycosides, amino acids, flavanol, synergic acid, tannin, steroids, polysaccharides, pectin, hemicellulose, and phenols.
Based on the presence of these elements and compounds, the study suggests that Tridax Procumbens L. may have medicinal properties and could potentially be used as an alternative to commercial drugs for treating infections,
This document summarizes a study on the spectroscopic and micellization properties of uranyl hexanoate in organic solvents. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that uranyl hexanoate has partial ionic character, with the fatty acids existing in a dimeric state through hydrogen bonding. Conductometric measurements determined the critical micellar concentration of uranyl hexanoate in DMF to be 0.03M. The addition of Sudan dye increased conductivity but did not change the critical micellar concentration. Uranyl hexanoate behaved as a simple electrolyte below the critical micellar concentration.
1) The document discusses testing of low rank, high moisture coal from Indonesia stockpiled under ambient conditions to understand how its total moisture content can be reduced naturally.
2) Small-scale drying tests showed an average 27% weight loss over 22 days, indicating potential for significant moisture reduction. Larger stockpile tests found drainage allowed moisture loss of 0.7-1.7% daily, but overall moisture increased with rain periods.
3) For maximum drying benefit, coal would need sheltering from rain. Without considering weather effects, natural drainage over 18-25 days could assist in moisture reduction for the high moisture low rank coal.
This document presents a new method for interpolation called weighted average interpolation (WAI). WAI uses the concepts of positive and negative effect to determine the influence of neighboring data points. Correction factors are derived from Pascal's triangle to match the results of WAI to Lagrange interpolation. The method is extended to extrapolation and unevenly spaced data using similar concepts. WAI aims to reduce the number of operations compared to Lagrange interpolation while maintaining accuracy.
The document reviews various methods for enhancing the bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas. It discusses how modifying the patch shape, using multilayer configurations, planar/stacked multi-resonator structures, and different feeding techniques can increase the antenna's bandwidth. Modified patch shapes, multilayer structures, and proximity coupled feeding provide the greatest bandwidth enhancements, with multilayer designs potentially achieving over 70% bandwidth. The review concludes that slot loading and multilayer techniques are most effective for enhancing bandwidth while maintaining a small antenna size.
This document summarizes a study on the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood group alleles among five endogamous groups in Haryana, India. The study found:
1) The frequency of ABO allele A ranged from 0.09 to 0.31, allele B ranged from 0.18 to 0.45, and allele O ranged from 0.35 to 0.72 among the five groups.
2) For the Rh (D) blood group, the frequency of allele d ranged from 0.24 to 0.37 while the frequency of allele D ranged from 0.63 to 0.76 among the groups.
3) The allele frequencies observed in all the groups fell within the
The document summarizes a study on the effects of solid waste dumping on the geo-environment in Bilaspur, India. It finds that:
1) Solid waste dumping at an abandoned stone quarry site for 20 months generated large volumes of waste and contaminated nearby groundwater and rivers through leachate formation.
2) Hazardous landfill gases like methane were observed to form and biodiversity was reduced at the dumping site, making the soil unusable for agriculture.
3) The case study highlights the negative impacts of improper waste disposal on soil quality, groundwater, and surrounding ecosystems. Effective waste management and disposal methods are needed to protect the geo-environment.
This document summarizes research that analyzed the effect of temperature on the parameters of silicon solar cells. It was found that the open circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cells decreases linearly as temperature increases from 20°C to 80°C. In contrast, the short circuit current (Isc) was found to increase only slightly with higher temperatures. The maximum efficiency of 18.5% was obtained at 20°C when Voc was 667.3mV and Isc was 37.56mA. Overall, the study demonstrated that higher temperatures negatively impact the Voc, fill factor, and efficiency of silicon solar cells.
Morphometric study of banded gourami (Colisa fasciata) in Jessore, BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
Population morphometry including population demography, size group distribution, length weight relationship and sex ratio of an important freshwater fish, Colisafasciata was studied which collected fromJessore and Jhenaidah districts in Bangladesh during May, 2014 to April, 2015. Random samples of 201 individuals (108males and 93 females) were collected from different fish markets in Jessore (Monirampur, Borobazar, Chowgasa) and Jhenaidah (Mohespur, Barobazar, Kotchandpur) districst. The mean size of the specimen was recorded 65.08 ±14.32 mm in length and 7.43 ±3.09 g in body weight. Females were found little smaller than males. The specimens were larger in winter than summer and monsoon season. But in monsoon season the females were larger than males. The maximum length of the specimen collected from Jhenaidah district was smaller compare to the specimen of Jessore district. Most of the population (29%) was observed under 55-64 mm size class. Linear relationship was obtained between the log length (mm) and log weight (g) of the species in respects of sexes, seasons, and districts. The allometric coefficient ‘b’ of the relationship indicated negative allometric growth of the species as ‘b’ value was less than 3. The overall sex ratio (male: female=1:0.86)showed significant difference from the expected value 1:1. Overall males showed non-significant over females (χ2 =1.119) in all season of both districts but in November males showed the significant (P<0.01) dominance over females. However, the findings of the present study have helped us to understand more about the species is the prerequisites in fishery management strategy and culture system.
This document analyzes the weight-length relationship of the rosy barb fish (Puntius conchonius) collected from water bodies in Nagaland, India. 50 fish ranging from 5.2-7.6cm and 1.6-7.1g were measured. Log-transformed regressions found significant correlations between length and weight for mixed, male, and female populations, though growth was negatively allometric. The relationships suggest predictive equations can estimate weight from length and vice versa. The study provides information on the growth and management of the species' fisheries in Nagaland.
Accretion Profile of the Rosy Barb, Puntius Conchonius (Hamilton- Buchanan, 1...IOSR Journals
Present study was made on 50 freshwater wild Puntius conchonius (Hamilton - Buchanan) of
various sizes ranging from a total length of 5.2 cm to 7.6 cm and weighing 1.6 gm to 7.1 gm. They were
sampled from different lentic and lotic water bodies of Nagaland, to investigate the weight-length relationship.
Each fish was measured and weight was taken. Log transformed regressions were used to test the growth trend. It was observed that growth in weight is not proportional to the cube of its length. Coefficient of correlation values for both male and female as well as for mixed population were found to be highly significant.
Length-weight relationship, condition factor and proportionality index of two...Innspub Net
The length-weight relationship, condition factor and proportionality index of Callinectes amnicola and Cardisoma armatum from Ebrié Lagoon, Grand-Bassam, Côte d’Ivoire, were studied. The carapace width and length were measured to the nearest millimeter (mm) while weight was measured to the nearest grams (g). The length-weight relationship of all samples collected were determined for the various sexes and mixed populations. The values of the exponent ‘b’ for all the sexes and mixed populations ranged from 2.01-2.69. The growth generally exhibited negative allometry in all the sexes and mixed populations. The proportionality index showed that Cardisoma armatum was longer and Callinectes amnicola was wider.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
1) The study examined 145 gobies (Parachaeturichthys ocellatus) from Malad creek in Mumbai from July 2010 to August 2011. It analyzed 19 morphometric and 10 meristic characters.
2) The morphometric analysis found strong correlations between total length and standard length. Standard length showed the highest growth rate while eye diameter grew slowest. Meristic characters showed limited variation.
3) Length-weight relationships indicated negative allometry for both sexes. Males showed a stronger correlation between length and weight than females.
This document discusses the age and growth of the red toothed triggerfish (Odonus niger) off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. It estimates the von Bertalanffy growth parameters for O. niger as L∞ = 283.90 cm and K = 0.75 based on length frequency data. Total mortality (Z) was estimated to be 1.07 and fishing mortality (F) was 0.27. The natural mortality (M) was estimated to be 0.80. The exploitation ratio was estimated to be 0.25, indicating the stock is under fishing pressure. The length at first capture was close to the length that provides maximum yield per recruit. The lifespan of O
This document discusses the age and growth of the red toothed triggerfish (Odonus niger) off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. It analyzed samples collected from bottom trawls between 2008° 53.6'N latitude 78° 16'E longitude and 08° 53.8'N latitude 78° 32'E longitude. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated as L∞ = 283.90 cm and K = 0.75. Total mortality was estimated to be 1.07 and fishing mortality was 0.27. The exploitation ratio was estimated to be 0.25, indicating the stock is under fishing pressure. The estimated life span of O. niger appears to
11.reproductive biology of estuarine catfish, arius argyropleuronAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the reproductive biology of the estuarine catfish, Arius argyropleuron, in Merbok estuary in peninsular Malaysia. The key findings are:
1) Spawning occurs throughout the year with peak spawning for females in April and July, and for males in November.
2) Absolute fecundity ranged from 19 to 87 eggs and was correlated with fish length and weight.
3) Three groups of egg sizes were observed in stage II ovaries and two groups in stage III ovaries.
4) Length at first maturity was approximately 22.5 cm fork length for both males and females.
Seasonal Morphometrics of Gonads in Air Breathing Fish C.Gachua Ham.1822ijtsrd
The present study was carried out during the period of different phases of reproductive cycle in C.gachua i.e. preparatory, pre spawning, spent and post spawning. Morphometrics of the gonads i.e. the gonadal dimensions observed month wise for a complete year span. The ratio of the avg. Length and weight of the ovary is recorded maximum during July 3.8cm 9.5gm closely followed by August 2.8cm 7.4gm . The same is recorded the least in the month of December 1.0 cm 2.0 gm . It clearly shows that C.gachua spawns once in a year i.e. between July August. It was observed that the testis of C.gachua attains its maximum length in the month of July 1.5 cm closely followed in August 1.3 cm and is least in the month of October to December 0.3 cm . The length weight ratio of the species also recorded maximum during July 23.7cm 56.6 gm and is minimum during December 14.5cm 32.8gm . Similarly avg. length avg. weight of testis was observed maximum during July 1.5 cm 2.1 gm , closely followed by August 1.3cm 1.2 gm . The same ratio was observed the minimum during the month of Nov Jan 0.2cm 0.2mg . The same result was also observed in C.gachua by Khanna and Sanwal, 1971. December is the post spawning period spent phase of the species. Navjyoti Ranjan Verma | Dr. P. K. Roy "Seasonal Morphometrics of Gonads in Air Breathing Fish C.Gachua (Ham.1822)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49538.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/49538/seasonal-morphometrics-of-gonads-in-air-breathing-fish-cgachua-ham1822/navjyoti-ranjan-verma
Size distribution and biometric relationships of little tunny Euthynnus allet...inventy
This study is taken from data of commercial fishing of the little tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) caught in the Algerian coast, sampled between november 2011 and april 2016. Data were collected in order to determine size distributions of the population and biometric relationships of species including the size - weight relationships. A total of 601 fish ranged from 30.9 and 103 cm fork length (FL) were observed. The size distribution of Euthynnus alletteratus shows multiple modal values witch the most important cohort corresponds to the age class 2 (42-46 cm). The value of the allometric coefficient (b) of the FL/TW relationship is lower than 3, indicating a negative allometric growth.
Nutritional Status of Fresh Water Crab Maydelliathelphusa Masoniana (Henderso...paperpublications3
Abstract: The present study aims to analyse the nutritional status of edible meat in adult male and female of the fresh water crab, M.masoniana with respect to the proximate composition (protein, lipid, moisture, ash) during two year study period. Protein & lipid exhibit minimum values during spawning period and maximum during non-spawning period. Moisture exhibited inverse relationship with proteins & lipids. Ash content showed irregular trend with no definite relationship with spawning activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritive value of M. masoniana with respect to seasonal variations viz spawning, post spawning and post monsoon periods, with an aim to assess its potential as an edible and culture candidate species.
Effects of stocking density on the growth rate of gold fish fry reared in hapaAbdullaAlAsif1
p>The present study was conducted to investigate effects of stocking density on growth performances of gold fish ( Carassius auratus ) in hapas. Experiment was conducted for a month with three treatments where three stocking densities were T<sub>1</sub> (10 fry/hapa), T<sub>2</sub> (15 fry/hapa) andT<sub>3</sub> (20 fry/hapa) each having three replications which were selected randomly. In the present experiment hapa (3ft × 2ft × 2ft) with 1 mm mesh net was used. Gold fish fry having a mean body weight of 0.007 g were used in all treatments. Fishes were fed at the rate of 10% of their body weight containing 34.11% protein. Water quality parameters were monitored at 10 days interval and the ranges were –temperature 24.75 to 27.75 <sup>o</sup>C, dissolved oxygen 3.68 to 4.09 mg/L, pH 7.3 to 8.16, ammonia 0.3 to 1 mg/L, nitrite 0.01 to 0.03 mg/L, phosphate 0.6 to 1 mg/L and alkalinity 119 to 187 mg/L. At the growth performances were evaluated by comparing mean final body weight, specific growth rate and food conversion ratio. The present study showed that the gold fish fry in T<sub>1</sub> resulted the best mean final weight gain (1.188 g) followed by T<sub>2</sub> (0.834 g) and T<sub>3</sub> (0.686 g). The SGR ranged between 6.64 and 7.43% per day and FCR ranged between 3.56 and 4.12 with T<sub>1</sub> showing the lowest FCR. The survival rate (%) ranged between 76.67% to 85.67%. From the present experiment it was found that individual fish growth rate was decreased with the increase of stocking density.
Spatial Mapping: Diversity and Distribution of Demersal Fish in the Southern ...robert peranginangin
In the future, fisheries management must not be based on biomass measure only, but must use an integrated ecosystem approach. This study was aimed to discover the species diversity level of demersal fish resources in spatial distribution and its relation to the environment. The study was conducted in May and June 2015 by operating a trawl in the assigned stations. The spatial distribution was based on the Bray-Curtis index which divided the distribution of demersal fish resources into three clusters. Inshore sites of Kalimantan’s western waters (KLBR) was dominated by Leognathidae, inshore sites of the eastern of Riau Islands waters (KPRI) was dominated by Lutjanidae, and offshore sites of the southern of South China Sea (SSCS) was dominated by Nemipteridae. Offshore sites of the southern of South China Sea (SSCS) had a much better community stability level than that of inshore sites of Kalimantan’s western waters (KLBR) and inshore sites of the eastern of Riau Islands waters (KPRI). This study also demonstrated that environmental factors such as depth, sediment type, salinity, and temperature, affect the distribution and species diversity of demersal fish communities in the southern of South China Sea.
Population dynamics of tinfoil barb, barbonymus schwanenfeldii (bleeker, 1853...Alexander Decker
1. Tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) was the dominant fish species found in Pedu Reservoir, comprising 38.9% of total catch.
2. Analysis of the length-frequency data showed B. schwanenfeldii could attain a maximum length (L∞) of 30.95 cm with a growth rate (K) of 0.66 yr-1.
3. Estimates of total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) for B. schwanenfeldii were 2.01, 1.37, and 0.64 yr-1 respectively, indicating potential for a slight increase
Length-Weight Relaonships (LWR) were calculated for 22 commercial fish species caught by the arsanal fishing fleet of Margarita Island, Venezuela. A total of 1,610 specimens were analysed, distributed in the following species: Lagocephalus
laevigatus, Sphyraena guachancho, S. barracuda, Lutjanus purpureus, L. analis, L. griseus, Rhomboplites aurorubens, Lachnolaimus maximus, Priacanthus arenatus, Scomberomorus cavalla, S. brasiliensis, Euthynnus alleeratus, Auxis thazard, Sarda
sarda, Thunnus atlan!cus, Rachycentron canadum, Caranx hippos, C. crysos, Selene setapinnis, Alec!s ciliaris, Trachinotus carolinus and Elops saurus. These length-weight
relaonships can be used to improve fish stascs because of difficulty in obtaining weight of the fish in field.
The length frequency distribution of (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) was investigated using 496 specimens between June, 2012 to January, 2013 and these specimens were obtained from the artisanal catches landed at Itu Head Brigde, Cross River System. The highest frequency distribution occurrence 38 (Number) throughout the study period was recorded in the month of September, 2012. The length-frequency distribution throughout the study period shows a prominent peak with a preponderance total length range of 40-49cm over others except for January, 2013 which the prominent peak with a prepondence total length range of 50-59cm over others. During the study period, it was observed that the length distribution of (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) could have management implication for resource sustainability. However, further research is needed in this area using selective gears to determine and establish the true picture of the length frequency distribution of (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) in Itu Head Bridge, Cross River system.
This document describes the gross morphology and topography of the intestinal tract of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The intestinal tract follows a complex path involving multiple loops and coils. Five main regions were identified: 1) the hepatic loop, 2) the proximal major coil, 3) the gastric loop, 4) the distal major coil, and 5) the terminal segment. The proximal and distal major coils form a spiral, cone-shaped mass nested inside each other. Though the topography allowed identification of regions, the external features were similar, making excised segments difficult to identify by region. The nested spiral pattern of the tilapia intestine is novel compared to other fish.
This study is an attempt to understand the population characteristics such as Length-weight relationships, age, growth, mortality, length at age and exploitation rate of Frigate tuna, Auxis thazard occurring in the North west coast of India. The data collected from various fish landing centers from 2008 to 2012 were considered for this study. The mean fork length and weight 32.35 cm and 1.040 kg were observed respectively. The length-weight relationship W=2.4321x10-1 FL 2.27658, and r2 0.9576 was obtained. The value of ‘b’ found to be less than 3 and hence this species is showing negative allometric growth. The growth parameters on von Bertalanffy for L∞ estimated as 47.03, K was 1.30 and to was -0.23. The Phi-prime value (⏀) of 3.33 was derived. The length at age observed at the end of 1 to 4 years was 27.0, 42.0, 50.0 and 55.0 cm year-1 respectively. The natural mortality (M) 1.00 year-1, total mortality (Z) of 4.43 year-1 and fishing mortality (F) 3.43 year-1 were derived with the mean temperature of 27°C. The exploitation ratio(E) and exploitation rate(U) was 0.77. The results derived in the present study with regard to population characteristics of frigate tuna in the coastal waters of North west coast of India indicate catching of this species in the area to be minimized Key-words- Length-weight relationships, Mortality, Length at age, Exploitation ratio, Exploitation rate
This document discusses various techniques for reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. It describes common PAPR reduction techniques such as partial transmit sequence (PTS), selective mapping (SLM), tone injection, peak cancellation, and peak windowing. It analyzes these techniques based on parameters like distortion, power increase, data rate loss, and bit error rate improvement. The document concludes that while SLM is better for PAPR reduction as it does not cause out-of-band radiation or degrade bit error rate performance, it has the drawback of increased complexity with larger number of subcarriers or phase sequences.
This document summarizes the performance enhancement and characterization of a junctionless vertical slit field effect transistor (JLVeSFET). Key findings from simulations include:
1) The JLVeSFET shows an optimized subthreshold slope of 65mV/decade and OFF current of ~10-18A/μm for a 50nm radius device with a high-k dielectric.
2) Using a high-k dielectric (Si3N4) instead of SiO2 increases the Ion/Ioff ratio to ~1011 and reduces the subthreshold slope to 63mV/decade.
3) Increasing the gate doping concentration reduces the subthreshold slope slightly while increasing the Ion/
The document presents a new bridgeless single-phase AC-DC converter based on a single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) topology. The proposed rectifier utilizes a bidirectional switch and two fast diodes. It has less conduction losses compared to existing power factor correction rectifiers due to fewer components conducting during each switching cycle. Experimental results show the converter can achieve a high power factor under universal input voltage conditions and provide regulated output voltage for resistive and incandescent lamp loads. Future work may include further optimizing the design for applications requiring high power quality input power.
The document presents a new ontology matching system based on a multi-agent architecture. The system takes ontologies described in XML, RDF Schema, and OWL as input. It uses multiple matchers and filtering to generate mappings between ontology entities. The mappings are then validated. The system is implemented as a multi-agent system with different agent types responsible for resources, matching, generating mappings, and filtering/validating mappings. The architecture allows for robust, flexible, and scalable ontology matching.
This document discusses techniques to reduce leakage current and power consumption in static random-access memory (SRAM) cells implemented using independent gate fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs). It first describes the independent gate FinFET SRAM cell design and its advantages over other designs. It then examines two circuit-level leakage reduction techniques: 1) using multi-threshold voltages by connecting high-threshold transistors to reduce leakage when in standby mode, and 2) adding a gated power supply transistor to reduce leakage through stacking effects. Simulation results show that both techniques can reduce leakage current and power in the independent gate FinFET SRAM cell, with multi-threshold voltages providing better leakage control.
This document summarizes a survey on string similarity matching search techniques. It discusses how string similarity matching is used to find relevant information in text collections. The document reviews different algorithms for string matching, including edit distance, NR-grep, n-grams, and approaches based on hashing and locality-sensitive hashing. It analyzes techniques like pattern matching, threshold-based joins, and vector representations. The goal is to present an overview of the field and compare algorithm performance for similarity searches.
This document presents a theorem about the almost Norlund summability of conjugate Fourier series. It generalizes previous results by Pati (1961) and Singh and Singh (1993). The main theorem states that if the conjugate partial sums of a Fourier series satisfy certain conditions, including being bounded by a function that approaches 0 as n approaches infinity, then the conjugate Fourier series is almost Norlund summable to the integral of the function at every point where the integral exists. The proof utilizes lemmas about the behavior of the conjugate partial sums and applies mean value theorems to show the necessary conditions are met. References to previous related works are also provided.
This document compares various biometric methods for identification and verification. It discusses fingerprint recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, and iris recognition as some of the main biometric techniques. For each method, it describes how the biometric data is captured and analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages, and examples of applications where the technique can be used. The document provides an overview of the history of biometrics and the typical modules involved in a biometric system, such as sensors, feature extraction, matching, and template databases.
This document describes the design of a digital phase locked loop (PLL) with a divide by 4/5 prescaler. The digital PLL uses a digital phase frequency detector, time to digital converter, thermometric decoder, and digitally controlled oscillator. The proposed PLL design uses an accumulator type DCO and ring oscillator type TDC to achieve fast lock time and reduced jitter. The final system incorporates all the components to function as a digital PLL that locks when the reference and feedback frequencies match.
The document discusses energy efficient routing protocols for clustered wireless sensor networks. It provides an overview of wireless sensor networks and discusses how clustering is commonly used to improve energy efficiency and scalability. The document reviews several existing clustering-based routing protocols and analyzes their approaches for prolonging network lifetime by minimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.
The document discusses bit error rate (BER) performance analysis of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) for implementation of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). It analyzes the theoretical BER of M-QAM under different modulation orders and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The analysis shows that higher order M-QAM has higher BER than lower order M-QAM for the same SNR due to decreased symbol distances as the modulation order increases. It also discusses the use of M-QAM modulation in OFDM systems and outlines challenges in implementing higher order M-QAM for OFDM.
This document analyzes the groundwater quality of South Karaikal and Nagapattinam districts in Tamil Nadu, India. 14 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters including major ions. Spatial variation maps were generated for parameters like calcium, chloride, sodium, and bicarbonate which showed high and low concentration regions. Piper and Durov plots indicated mixed temporary and permanent water hardness. Sodium absorption ratio values identified areas of excellent, good and fair water quality for irrigation. Overall, comparison to standards showed groundwater was not suitable for drinking in most areas.
The document discusses security issues in distributed database systems. It begins by defining distributed databases and their architecture. It then discusses three main security aspects: access control, authentication, and encryption. The document also discusses distributed database system design considerations like concurrency control and data fragmentation. Emerging security tools for distributed databases mentioned include data warehousing, data mining, collaborative computing, distributed object systems, and web applications. Maintaining security when building and querying data warehouses from multiple sources is highlighted as a key challenge.
This document discusses techniques for classifying sentiments and mining opinions from text data. It begins with defining key terminology in opinion mining like opinion feature, sentiment, polarity, holder and time. It then discusses various data sources for opinion mining like blogs, reviews sites, datasets, microblogs and other text. It describes the granularity of opinion mining tasks at the document level, sentence level and feature level. Finally, it outlines approaches to opinion mining including supervised learning techniques like Naive Bayes, SVM and unsupervised learning techniques that use lexical resources without prior training. Evaluation metrics for sentiment classification systems like accuracy, precision, recall and F1 measure are also discussed.
This document describes a study that uses Kohonen neural network (KNN) to automatically identify the cutoff frequency for denoising electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The methodology involves collecting noisy ECG data, removing baseline wandering using empirical mode decomposition, transforming the signal to the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform, applying KNN to cluster the frequency coefficients and identify the cutoff frequency, and filtering the signal using a finite impulse response low pass filter with the identified cutoff frequency. The results show that the KNN approach more effectively denoises the ECG signals compared to conventional filtering methods by identifying a lower cutoff frequency that removes more noise.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.