Traits of ancient societies
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Ancient societies had several key traits: 1) They transitioned from hunter-gatherers to horticultural and pastoral societies that farmed crops and domesticated animals, requiring stable water, soil, locations, and environmental conditions. 2) They developed social hierarchies with nobility, priests, merchants, farmers, laborers, and slaves at the top and bottom. 3) Religion played an important spiritual role, and myths portrayed good triumphing over evil. Traits of ancient societies helped them survive and interact through trade between places like Egypt and Mesopotamia.
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Blog notes chapter 1
Early humans lived as hunter-gatherers but began settling into permanent villages around 10,000 years ago as agriculture developed. Farming allowed for food surpluses which supported larger populations and more complex societies with specialized workers. One such early complex village was Catal Huyuk in Turkey, which had over 8,000 residents and evidence of agriculture, animal domestication, trade, and occupational specialization. The development of permanent settlements and agriculture marked a major transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles.
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Traits of ancient societies
- 1. TRAITS OF ANCIENT SOCIETIES Traits means feature, quality, characteristic or attribute.
- 2. Traits of Ancient Societies Before Ancient Societies: • Hunter/Gatherers • Follow wild animal herds and fishing. • Collect wild growing berries, fruits, roots, nuts and seeds. • Using fire, floods and other natural phenomena to manage the natural environment.
- 3. Traits of Ancient Societies
- 4. Traits of Ancient Societies Horticultural/Pastoral Societies: • Water Supply • Good soil • Safe Locations from attack • Sympathetic environmental conditions • Farming crops (eg. wheat, rice, millet, barley, flax, papyrus, corn and so on) • Domesticated animals (eg. sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and geese)
- 5. Traits of Ancient Societies
- 6. Traits of Ancient Societies Social Classes • The social hierarchy (a system in which members of an organization or society are ranked according to relative status or authority) of a civilization refers to a system in which people are put at various several examples of the social hierarchy in some of the ancient civilizations, the highest rank at the top of the table: Mayan Social Hierarchy: Nobles, priests, commoners and slaves. Indian Social Hierarchy: Priests, kings, merchants and farmers, labourers and craftsmen and outcasts. Egyptian Social Hierarchy: Nobles, merchants, farmers, labourers and slaves. Chinese Social Hierarchy: Kings, scholars, craftsmen, merchants and peasants.
- 7. Traits of Ancient Societies • Social Classes
- 8. Traits of Ancient Societies 2 - Interaction of Cultures: Trade • Ancient civilizations eventually began to interact with one another. For example, Egypt and Mesopotamia frequently interacted since they were not significantly distant from one another. The exchange of ideas and goods was beneficial for both civilizations. Egypt's agriculture benefited from interaction. Also, Mesopotamia had extensive sea trade with the Indus Valley civilization as early as 2300 B.C.E.
- 9. Traits of Ancient Societies
- 10. Traits of Ancient Societies • 3 - Religion: Religion has always played an important part in man's life, as it is a source of spiritual comfort in times of distress. The happenings in legends and myths represent an idealized version of the world that man hopes for the world to become, thus we always see that the monster who eats children is killed by the god or warrior in the end, proving the motto "Good Triumphs Over Evil" to be true.
- 11. Traits of Ancient Societies
- 12. Traits of Ancient Societies •4 – The Law: •A good example of Mesopotamian law is the Babylonians' Code of Hammurabi. There were 282 laws drafted out for economic disputes (for prices, taxes and trade), family (marriages and divorce), criminal (assault, theft, murder) and civil offences (slavery, debt).
- 13. Traits of Ancient Societies