The document summarizes key aspects of the periodic table, including its discovery by Dmitri Mendeleev who predicted undiscovered elements, and the periodic law stating elements' properties repeat periodically with their atomic number. It describes the main categories of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, and explains parts of the periodic table including periods and groups. It provides details on each group's properties including electron configuration, reactivity, and shared physical traits.

1. The Periodic Table

2. • Dmitri Mendeleev:
Russian, who
discovered a pattern to
the elements by using
a variety of properties
of the elements.
Predicted elements
that had not been
discovered yet.

3. • Periodic: describes something that occurs
or repeats at regular intervals (Days of a
week)
• Periodic Law: the law that states that the
repeating chemical and physical
properties of elements change periodically
with the atomic numbers of the elements
(Henry Moseley)

4. Categories of Elements:
1. Metals: are shiny and they conduct heat
energy and electric current. (Ductile,
Malleable, Solid at Room Temp.)
• Example: Copper, Lead, Tin

5. Categories of Elements:
2. Nonmetals: do not conduct heat or
electric current, and are dull in
appearance. (Gases at Room Temp.,
Opposite Metal)
• Example: Neon, Iodine, Sulfur

6. Categories of Elements:
3. Metalloids: have properties of both
metals and nonmetals (Zig zag Line)
• Example: Boron, Silicon, Antimony

7. Parts of the Periodic Table:
• Period: each
horizontal row of
elements on the
periodic table
(Reactivity and
Conductivity)
• Group: each vertical
column of elements
on the periodic table
(Similar Physical and
Chemical Properties)

8. Each element has its own:
1. Element Symbol 2. Element Name
3. Atomic Number 4.Atomic Mass

9. Isotopes: atoms with same
number of protons but not neutrons
• How do Atoms of Different Elements
Differ? Neutrons
• Radioactive atoms spontaneously fall
apart after a certain amount of time.
• How do you tell isotopes apart? Mass
Number
• Naming an Isotope: Name of element with
hyphened mass number (Carbon-12)

10. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
• Group 1: Alkali Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 1
Reactivity: Very Reactive
Shared properties: Softness, Color of
silver, shiny, low density

11. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 2
Reactivity: Very but less than group 1
Shared properties: Color of silver, higher
density than group 1

12. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 3-12: Transition Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 1 or 2
Reactivity: Less reactive than group 2
Shared properties: shiny, good
conductors, higher melting point and
density over group 1 & 2

13. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 13: Boron Group
Group contains: 1 metalloid and 4
metals
Electrons in outer level: 3
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.

15. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 14: Carbon Group
Group contains: 1 nonmetal, 2
metalloids, and 2 metals
Electrons in outer level: 4
Reactivity: Varies
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.

17. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 15: Nitrogen Group
Group contains: 2 nonmetals, 2
metalloids, and 1 metal
Electrons in outer level: 5
Reactivity: Varies
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.
except Nitrogen

18. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 16: Oxygen Group
Group contains: 3 nonmetals, 1
metalloid, and 1 metal
Electrons in outer level: 6
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: all
except Oxygen
solid at room temp.

20. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 17: Halogens
Group contains: Nonmetals
Electrons in outer level: 7
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: Poor Conductors,
Violent reactions with alkali metals,
never uncombined in nature

21. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 18: Noble Gases
Group contains: Nonmetals
Electrons in outer level: 8
Reactivity: Unreactive
Shared properties: Colorless,
Odorless, Gases

22. Hydrogen
Electrons in outer level: 1
Reactivity: reactive
Shared properties: Colorless,
Odorless, Gases, low density,
explosive with oxygen