This study evaluated the level of contamination in groundwater sources in the Cowfield Community of Liberia due to nearby sanitation facilities like septic tanks and latrines. Water samples from six hand-dug wells were tested for various water quality parameters. All wells were found to have high microbial contamination and did not meet WHO or Liberia drinking water standards. Measurements showed that all wells were located less than 30 meters from latrines or septic tanks, which is the recommended minimum distance. The proximity of the unsanitary facilities negatively impacted water quality. The community relies heavily on groundwater sources for water, but the current infrastructure is vulnerable to contamination, especially during rainy seasons.
Impact of Poor Sanitation Infrastructure (Pit Latrine and Septic Tank) on Han...IRJET Journal
This study analyzed water samples from 7 hand-dug wells in Voinjama, Liberia to determine the impact of poorly constructed pit latrines and septic tanks on groundwater sources. Samples were tested for pH, turbidity, nitrates, nitrites, lead, total bacterial count, and E. coli. Results showed high levels of coliform bacteria and E. coli in wells closest to latrines or septic tanks. While physicochemical factors like pH and metals were within standards, turbidity was highest in the well closest to a latrine and dumpsite. The study concludes that improperly located and built latrines and septic tanks negatively impact nearby groundwater sources through microbial contamination, posing health risks to local communities
The Analysis of Physio-chemical Properties of Surface Water TreatmentIRJET Journal
Water treatment is essential to provide safe drinking water and reduce waterborne illnesses. The White Plains Water Treatment Plant in Monrovia, Liberia employs conventional treatment processes like coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and disinfection to treat water from the St. Paul River. Testing of physio-chemical parameters at the plant found the water quality to meet WHO standards. Aluminum sulfate is used as the coagulant to remove contaminants through charge neutralization. However, population growth has increased demands on the plant beyond its capacity. The study analyzes treatment optimization to improve water quality for the 1.5 million residents served.
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using remote sensing and GIS technologies to identify suitable locations for underground water recharge through rainwater harvesting. It identifies five major factors that influence groundwater recharge potential: lithology, land use/cover, lineaments, drainage, and slope.
2) GIS is used to spatially analyze these factors, assign weights to each, and demarcate zones in the basin according to groundwater recharge potential. Direct surface recharge techniques like infiltration basins are discussed as the most widely used method to enhance natural percolation of water into subsurface aquifers.
3) Literature on previous studies of groundwater issues in the local region is reviewed, covering topics like seasonal water
NITRATE ELIMINATION FROM GROUNDWATER WITH THE UTILIZATION OF ACALYPHA INDICA ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews literature on eliminating nitrates from groundwater. It discusses how nitrates enter groundwater sources through fertilizer and sewage runoff from human activities like agriculture and development. Left untreated, high nitrate levels in drinking water can cause health issues in humans, particularly infants, by interfering with blood's ability to carry oxygen. The document examines various treatment methods and finds activated carbon derived from the Acalypha indica plant to be an effective absorbent for removing nitrates from contaminated groundwater.
Evaluation of the Wastewater Quality Improvement by The Channel Located Downs...IRJESJOURNAL
Abstract: The quality of treated wastewater coming from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) by lagoons in Ouagadougou is not conform to national standard for discharge or for reuse in agriculture. The present study on the natural purifying capacity of the channel downstream of the WWTP aims to test the hypothesis that the quality of treated water running off through the gutter can significantly be improved for gardening. Then, the analyzes were done according French standards. So, the results between the output and a distance of 3 km along the channel indicate alkaline pH values slightly variable. Regarding carbon pollution, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) average decreases from 1280 to 720 mg /l, while the average levels of Suspended Solids (SS) decreases from 343 to 300 mg /l. The nutrient contents such as orthophosphate and ammonia decrease with averages ranging from 9.18 and 6.05 mg /l for the former and 12 to 3.35 mg /l for the second whiletheconcentrationofnitratepassfrom2.91to6.37mg/l. Concerning microbiological pollution, faecal coliforms level increases from 3800 CFU /100 ml to 11300 CFU / 100 ml. In sum, there is a small auto scrubber power affected by factors as such as infiltration, high evaporation and anthropogenic activities near the channel.
Design of water supply system for a G+12 residential building by water neutra...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of a water supply system for a residential building in Mumbai, India using the concept of water neutrality. It first provides background on water scarcity issues in India and the purpose of water neutrality. It then details the design considerations for the water supply system for a G+12 residential building, including population served, water demand calculations, tank sizing, and borewell dimensions. It also discusses a rainwater harvesting system for the building, providing costs and calculations for potential rainwater collection. The goal is to study methods for water conservation and design a system using water neutrality principles to help address water scarcity issues faced in cities like Mumbai.
This document discusses the impact of leachate on groundwater quality. It begins by defining leachate as the liquid generated from waste decomposition in landfills. Leachate contains various contaminants that can seep into and pollute groundwater sources. If groundwater becomes contaminated, it can negatively impact human health and ecosystems. The document then examines the process through which leachate contaminates groundwater. It reviews literature on leachate composition and impacts. Prevention methods are proposed, such as improved landfill design and waste segregation. The need for leachate treatment before disposal or reuse is also discussed. Overall, the document analyzes how leachate pollution threatens groundwater resources and emphasizes the importance of responsible
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the quality of drainage water in Al-Shamiya al-sharqi drain in Diwaniya city, Iraq for use in irrigation. 10 water samples were collected from locations along the drain and analyzed for various chemical parameters. An Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) was used to assess the water quality, taking into account parameters like EC, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate and SAR that most affect water quality for irrigation. The IWQI was then integrated with a GIS system to map the water quality. The results found that 52% of the drainage water fell in the "Low restriction" category, 47% was "Moderate restriction" and 1% was
Impact of Poor Sanitation Infrastructure (Pit Latrine and Septic Tank) on Han...IRJET Journal
This study analyzed water samples from 7 hand-dug wells in Voinjama, Liberia to determine the impact of poorly constructed pit latrines and septic tanks on groundwater sources. Samples were tested for pH, turbidity, nitrates, nitrites, lead, total bacterial count, and E. coli. Results showed high levels of coliform bacteria and E. coli in wells closest to latrines or septic tanks. While physicochemical factors like pH and metals were within standards, turbidity was highest in the well closest to a latrine and dumpsite. The study concludes that improperly located and built latrines and septic tanks negatively impact nearby groundwater sources through microbial contamination, posing health risks to local communities
The Analysis of Physio-chemical Properties of Surface Water TreatmentIRJET Journal
Water treatment is essential to provide safe drinking water and reduce waterborne illnesses. The White Plains Water Treatment Plant in Monrovia, Liberia employs conventional treatment processes like coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and disinfection to treat water from the St. Paul River. Testing of physio-chemical parameters at the plant found the water quality to meet WHO standards. Aluminum sulfate is used as the coagulant to remove contaminants through charge neutralization. However, population growth has increased demands on the plant beyond its capacity. The study analyzes treatment optimization to improve water quality for the 1.5 million residents served.
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using remote sensing and GIS technologies to identify suitable locations for underground water recharge through rainwater harvesting. It identifies five major factors that influence groundwater recharge potential: lithology, land use/cover, lineaments, drainage, and slope.
2) GIS is used to spatially analyze these factors, assign weights to each, and demarcate zones in the basin according to groundwater recharge potential. Direct surface recharge techniques like infiltration basins are discussed as the most widely used method to enhance natural percolation of water into subsurface aquifers.
3) Literature on previous studies of groundwater issues in the local region is reviewed, covering topics like seasonal water
NITRATE ELIMINATION FROM GROUNDWATER WITH THE UTILIZATION OF ACALYPHA INDICA ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews literature on eliminating nitrates from groundwater. It discusses how nitrates enter groundwater sources through fertilizer and sewage runoff from human activities like agriculture and development. Left untreated, high nitrate levels in drinking water can cause health issues in humans, particularly infants, by interfering with blood's ability to carry oxygen. The document examines various treatment methods and finds activated carbon derived from the Acalypha indica plant to be an effective absorbent for removing nitrates from contaminated groundwater.
Evaluation of the Wastewater Quality Improvement by The Channel Located Downs...IRJESJOURNAL
Abstract: The quality of treated wastewater coming from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) by lagoons in Ouagadougou is not conform to national standard for discharge or for reuse in agriculture. The present study on the natural purifying capacity of the channel downstream of the WWTP aims to test the hypothesis that the quality of treated water running off through the gutter can significantly be improved for gardening. Then, the analyzes were done according French standards. So, the results between the output and a distance of 3 km along the channel indicate alkaline pH values slightly variable. Regarding carbon pollution, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) average decreases from 1280 to 720 mg /l, while the average levels of Suspended Solids (SS) decreases from 343 to 300 mg /l. The nutrient contents such as orthophosphate and ammonia decrease with averages ranging from 9.18 and 6.05 mg /l for the former and 12 to 3.35 mg /l for the second whiletheconcentrationofnitratepassfrom2.91to6.37mg/l. Concerning microbiological pollution, faecal coliforms level increases from 3800 CFU /100 ml to 11300 CFU / 100 ml. In sum, there is a small auto scrubber power affected by factors as such as infiltration, high evaporation and anthropogenic activities near the channel.
Design of water supply system for a G+12 residential building by water neutra...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of a water supply system for a residential building in Mumbai, India using the concept of water neutrality. It first provides background on water scarcity issues in India and the purpose of water neutrality. It then details the design considerations for the water supply system for a G+12 residential building, including population served, water demand calculations, tank sizing, and borewell dimensions. It also discusses a rainwater harvesting system for the building, providing costs and calculations for potential rainwater collection. The goal is to study methods for water conservation and design a system using water neutrality principles to help address water scarcity issues faced in cities like Mumbai.
This document discusses the impact of leachate on groundwater quality. It begins by defining leachate as the liquid generated from waste decomposition in landfills. Leachate contains various contaminants that can seep into and pollute groundwater sources. If groundwater becomes contaminated, it can negatively impact human health and ecosystems. The document then examines the process through which leachate contaminates groundwater. It reviews literature on leachate composition and impacts. Prevention methods are proposed, such as improved landfill design and waste segregation. The need for leachate treatment before disposal or reuse is also discussed. Overall, the document analyzes how leachate pollution threatens groundwater resources and emphasizes the importance of responsible
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the quality of drainage water in Al-Shamiya al-sharqi drain in Diwaniya city, Iraq for use in irrigation. 10 water samples were collected from locations along the drain and analyzed for various chemical parameters. An Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) was used to assess the water quality, taking into account parameters like EC, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate and SAR that most affect water quality for irrigation. The IWQI was then integrated with a GIS system to map the water quality. The results found that 52% of the drainage water fell in the "Low restriction" category, 47% was "Moderate restriction" and 1% was
IRJET- Ground Water Analysis in and Around Peenya Industrial AreaIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study analyzing groundwater quality in and around the Peenya Industrial Area of Bengaluru, India. Water samples were collected from bore wells in the area and tested for 22 parameters including pH, turbidity, hardness, chlorides, nitrates and more. The results found pH ranging from 6.65 to 7.35. Hardness ranged from 520 to 1100 mg/L. Nitrates were between 11 to 22 mg/L. The study aims to assess groundwater quality in the area and compare it to national standards to protect water resources.
The document summarizes a study that was conducted to determine sources of water pollution in Appiakrom community, Ghana. The study examined a dam, pond, and two boreholes used by the community. Laboratory analysis of water samples found that the dam, which supplies water to the district, had been polluted by anthropogenic activities. The rusty nature of one borehole was attributed to underground parent materials. The pond interfaced with the dam, and pollution could flow between the two sources. The authors recommend blocking channels between the pond and dam, and practicing zero-fertilizer farming near the dam to reduce pollution.
Ground Water Quality Assessment using Geo Spatial Technology in Part of Lower...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed groundwater quality in the lower Vaigai river basin in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India using geospatial technology. Water samples were collected from 10 locations and tested for parameters like pH, nitrate, sulfate, chloride, and total dissolved solids. Maps showing the spatial distribution of water quality in 2003 and 2015 were generated. It was found that the maximum nitrate level was 4800 mg/l in 2006, and that some areas had increasingly high levels of salts and nitrates over time due to factors like fertilizer use and wastewater. The study identified some areas as potable and others as moderate or non-potable. It concluded that water quality is
This technical seminar report summarizes a 5 MLD sewage treatment plant in Ursugutta. The report provides details on the primary treatment processes including a raw sewage sump, screens, and grit removal. It then describes the secondary treatment which uses a C-Tech sequencing batch reactor process. This involves cycles of fill, aeration, settling, and decanting to achieve BOD removal, nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. The report provides details on the treatment methodology and components of the C-Tech system.
IRJET- Assessment of Drinking Water Quality Parameters in Mullaghori Khyb...IRJET Journal
This study assessed the drinking water quality in Mullaghori, Khyber Agency. Water samples were collected from 5 areas and tested for physical and chemical parameters. Most samples showed color levels higher than WHO and NEQS standards. Alkalinity levels were within standards in most samples but higher levels can cause health issues like nausea and vomiting. While nitrate levels were acceptable, other parameters showed some variation from standards that could impact community health. The study highlights the need for improved water sources and treatment in the remote mountainous region.
IRJET- Study of a Metropolitan River: MithiIRJET Journal
The 15km long Mithi River in Mumbai is highly polluted. Testing showed most water quality parameters exceeded standards at three locations along the river. Biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were highest in pre-monsoon periods while dissolved oxygen levels were below the minimum for aquatic life. Pollution levels were generally highest near dense slums and where industrial waste entered the river. To improve conditions, strict litter laws, plastic removal, alternative disposal for slum and industrial waste, improved sanitation, and halting encroachment are recommended. The river is degraded but conservation efforts could help restore it.
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
The present investigation along the Mithi River of Mumbai deals with the study of physico-chemical parameters like pH,
Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand content in water samples. The study was performed over a
period of 8 months from October 2013 to May 2014. Sampling was carried out at five different locations along the stretch of the Mithi River in Mumbai. The study points towards Pollution Status of the Mithi River.
IRJET- Assessment of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Well Water of Kalmeshwar N...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed the physio-chemical parameters of well water in Kalmeshwar Nagpur, India. Water samples were collected from 11 well water bodies and analyzed for parameters like temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and heavy metals. The results found that most well water bodies were polluted, with pollution levels increasing over time. Heavy metal contamination was found for copper, cadmium and lead. A second study analyzed water quality parameters for 30 well water samples from Kalmeshwar according to WHO standards, finding most parameters were within permissible limits.
IRJET - Algal Bioreactor for the Removal of Pollution Parameter from Sugar Mi...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using algae to remove pollutants from sugar mill effluent. Sugar mill wastewater contains various pollutants that are harmful if discharged untreated. The study inoculated cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) into secondary treated sugar mill effluent to reduce parameters like chloride, sulfate, and pH over 5 days. The results showed reductions in these parameters, demonstrating the algae system can considerably reduce pollution compared to untreated effluent. This algal bioreactor provides a sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment method.
Assessment of the impact of industrial and anthropogenic activities on the dr...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed the impact of industrial and human activities on the quality of borehole water in Bundu-Ama, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from 4 boreholes near various industries and analyzed for physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters. Results showed that pH and hardness were within acceptable limits, but turbidity, BOD, lead, iron, and bacterial counts exceeded standards in some locations, indicating contamination from industrial effluents and domestic waste entering the groundwater. The study concludes the borehole water requires treatment before consumption due to pollution from distant sources.
Pressures, impacts and risk on surface water. Concept and examples
European Union Water Initiative Plus for the Eastern Partnership
EU Member States Consortium. International Office for Water (France)
Kyiv, 16 April 2019
ASSESSMENT OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN CANAANLAND, OTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.O...Felix Oginni
Effluent from a sewage treatment plant in Covenant University, Canaanland is made to pass through a series of constructed wetland before discharging into a gully that drains into River Iju (also known as Atuara). This river is used as a source of drinking water and also provides food in form of fish for hundreds of thousands of people downstream and eventually enters the lagoon, some 60km away. Effectiveness and adequacy of the wastewater treatment facility in place was assessed in order to improve sanitation within this watershed, thereby alleviating environmental challenges in this coastal region of Nigeria. Waste water is gravity drained to the southwest portion of the campus where the solid is removed and the liquid is allowed to flow through six sets of constructed wetlands, each with four chambers. Within each chamber are water hyacinth plants put in place to remove nutrients from the waster water.
A quick survey of the facility shows the system to be effective in reducing and removing solids and dissolved solids from the waste water. The pH ranged between 6.6 and 6.8, conductivity from 530 to 600, and total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 360 – 400 ppm. The data obtained indicate that some modifications need to be made as the waste water treatment system is not very efficient in reducing the amount of TDS and nutrients. The flow rate is considered to be very high from cell to cell, thereby not allowing time for the plants and microbes to reduce the TDS. It is suggested that some method be devised to slow down the flow rate to allow the plants and microbes to work on reducing the TDS. Parameters also also considered included DO, E. Coli. Nitrate and Phosphates.
We are very pleased to provide you with this year's Consumer Confidence Report for Quonochontaug East Beach Water Association. This report provides you with information
on the water and services that we delivered to you in 2016. Included are details about where your water comes from,
what it contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies.
The water quality report from the Quonochontaug East Beach Water Association provides information on local drinking water sources and quality testing results. The report indicates that while water sources are at moderate risk of contamination, all contaminant levels in testing were within acceptable ranges except for a coliform bacteria detection in September 2016. Total coliform was detected in two samples that month, requiring the system to chlorinate wells and tanks to resolve the issue. Nitrate levels in both wells have been slowly rising in recent years and may require costly treatment if the trend continues.
IRJET- Characterization of Ground Water based on Water Quality Index in Bhatk...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes water quality in Bhatkal Taluk, Karnataka, India. Thirteen groundwater samples were collected from wells and tested for various physicochemical parameters including pH, hardness, alkalinity, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, etc. A water quality index (WQI) was calculated for each sample based on these parameters to classify the water quality on a scale of excellent to unsuitable. The WQI values ranged from 7.74 to 20.72 in the first sampling, indicating poor to very poor water quality. Subsequent samplings also produced WQI scores pointing to poor quality water that may require treatment before consumption. The study aims to assess groundwater quality in the region and raise public awareness about drinking
Marine pollution and its control along Karachi coastlineMinza Mumtaz
Karachi, the metropolitan city of Pakistan, facing different problems which not only effect the public health but also the environment. We as a human being are the main reason for the deterioration of our environment. Our modern lifestyle causes sustainability issues which darken the future of next generation. In this presentation, an overview of the marine pollution was given along Karachi coastline.
Assessing groundwater quality with special reference to the human, agricultur...Innspub Net
The twenty-first century faces enormous threats to fresh water and future wars are based on water issues. And Nations shows efforts toward water resource management. Because their attitudes are sensitive and highly important for water. Water is a great bestowal of nature. This lively liquid is essential for human survival and for their primary secondary and tertiary activities. The present study deals with the assessment of groundwater quality levels for human, industrial and agricultural use of Sargodha city Punjab Pakistan. The assessment based on water quality analysis of different water parameters like Electrical conductivity, alkalinity, calcium, chloride, hardness, magnesium, Total dissolve Solids, turbidity, Sulfate etc. The water for domestic use must be free from turbidity and the drinking water should be odor free. Color less and good test or test less. The harmful micro-organism should not be in the water. The assessment of water quality highly fluctuates in the study area. Water quality parameters are mostly unsafe for drinking and agricultural purposes in central part of the city which is highly built up. While it may use for some types of industries but in surrounding areas quality of water is much better for drinking, agricultural and industrial use. Although overall water quality are unsafe for human use while very few areas have safe water for human drinking and domestic use agriculture also require less dissolve solids water but there are some crops to resist with high solids. Water may use for industries after purifying. Quality Criteria for Agricultural usage: Elements that makes water suitable or unsuitable for agricultural purposes or for irrigation are amount of silt, total salt concentration, relative properties of sodium to the other cations like calcium and magnesium, bicarbonate content and concentration of toxic element such as boron. Quality Criteria for Live Stock usage: Mainly total dissolved solids and concentration of toxic elements checked for livestock usage. Quality Criteria for Industrial usage: Water quality changed with the type of industry for example Pharmaceutical and paper industry demand of water is purest but in mining industry it is not required purest water. A medium quality of water is used for mining industry.
This document provides a review of groundwater pollution. It discusses how groundwater is an important source of water for drinking, agriculture, and industry. However, groundwater is vulnerable to pollution from various sources like agriculture, industrial activities, and contaminated land. The review summarizes the types of groundwater pollution including nitrates, heavy metals, microbiological contaminants, and more. It also discusses the health effects of contaminated groundwater. The document examines methods for studying groundwater pollution and contaminant transport, as well as remediation techniques used to treat contaminated groundwater.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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IRJET- Ground Water Analysis in and Around Peenya Industrial AreaIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study analyzing groundwater quality in and around the Peenya Industrial Area of Bengaluru, India. Water samples were collected from bore wells in the area and tested for 22 parameters including pH, turbidity, hardness, chlorides, nitrates and more. The results found pH ranging from 6.65 to 7.35. Hardness ranged from 520 to 1100 mg/L. Nitrates were between 11 to 22 mg/L. The study aims to assess groundwater quality in the area and compare it to national standards to protect water resources.
The document summarizes a study that was conducted to determine sources of water pollution in Appiakrom community, Ghana. The study examined a dam, pond, and two boreholes used by the community. Laboratory analysis of water samples found that the dam, which supplies water to the district, had been polluted by anthropogenic activities. The rusty nature of one borehole was attributed to underground parent materials. The pond interfaced with the dam, and pollution could flow between the two sources. The authors recommend blocking channels between the pond and dam, and practicing zero-fertilizer farming near the dam to reduce pollution.
Ground Water Quality Assessment using Geo Spatial Technology in Part of Lower...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed groundwater quality in the lower Vaigai river basin in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India using geospatial technology. Water samples were collected from 10 locations and tested for parameters like pH, nitrate, sulfate, chloride, and total dissolved solids. Maps showing the spatial distribution of water quality in 2003 and 2015 were generated. It was found that the maximum nitrate level was 4800 mg/l in 2006, and that some areas had increasingly high levels of salts and nitrates over time due to factors like fertilizer use and wastewater. The study identified some areas as potable and others as moderate or non-potable. It concluded that water quality is
This technical seminar report summarizes a 5 MLD sewage treatment plant in Ursugutta. The report provides details on the primary treatment processes including a raw sewage sump, screens, and grit removal. It then describes the secondary treatment which uses a C-Tech sequencing batch reactor process. This involves cycles of fill, aeration, settling, and decanting to achieve BOD removal, nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. The report provides details on the treatment methodology and components of the C-Tech system.
IRJET- Assessment of Drinking Water Quality Parameters in Mullaghori Khyb...IRJET Journal
This study assessed the drinking water quality in Mullaghori, Khyber Agency. Water samples were collected from 5 areas and tested for physical and chemical parameters. Most samples showed color levels higher than WHO and NEQS standards. Alkalinity levels were within standards in most samples but higher levels can cause health issues like nausea and vomiting. While nitrate levels were acceptable, other parameters showed some variation from standards that could impact community health. The study highlights the need for improved water sources and treatment in the remote mountainous region.
IRJET- Study of a Metropolitan River: MithiIRJET Journal
The 15km long Mithi River in Mumbai is highly polluted. Testing showed most water quality parameters exceeded standards at three locations along the river. Biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were highest in pre-monsoon periods while dissolved oxygen levels were below the minimum for aquatic life. Pollution levels were generally highest near dense slums and where industrial waste entered the river. To improve conditions, strict litter laws, plastic removal, alternative disposal for slum and industrial waste, improved sanitation, and halting encroachment are recommended. The river is degraded but conservation efforts could help restore it.
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
The present investigation along the Mithi River of Mumbai deals with the study of physico-chemical parameters like pH,
Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand content in water samples. The study was performed over a
period of 8 months from October 2013 to May 2014. Sampling was carried out at five different locations along the stretch of the Mithi River in Mumbai. The study points towards Pollution Status of the Mithi River.
IRJET- Assessment of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Well Water of Kalmeshwar N...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed the physio-chemical parameters of well water in Kalmeshwar Nagpur, India. Water samples were collected from 11 well water bodies and analyzed for parameters like temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and heavy metals. The results found that most well water bodies were polluted, with pollution levels increasing over time. Heavy metal contamination was found for copper, cadmium and lead. A second study analyzed water quality parameters for 30 well water samples from Kalmeshwar according to WHO standards, finding most parameters were within permissible limits.
IRJET - Algal Bioreactor for the Removal of Pollution Parameter from Sugar Mi...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using algae to remove pollutants from sugar mill effluent. Sugar mill wastewater contains various pollutants that are harmful if discharged untreated. The study inoculated cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) into secondary treated sugar mill effluent to reduce parameters like chloride, sulfate, and pH over 5 days. The results showed reductions in these parameters, demonstrating the algae system can considerably reduce pollution compared to untreated effluent. This algal bioreactor provides a sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment method.
Assessment of the impact of industrial and anthropogenic activities on the dr...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed the impact of industrial and human activities on the quality of borehole water in Bundu-Ama, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from 4 boreholes near various industries and analyzed for physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters. Results showed that pH and hardness were within acceptable limits, but turbidity, BOD, lead, iron, and bacterial counts exceeded standards in some locations, indicating contamination from industrial effluents and domestic waste entering the groundwater. The study concludes the borehole water requires treatment before consumption due to pollution from distant sources.
Pressures, impacts and risk on surface water. Concept and examples
European Union Water Initiative Plus for the Eastern Partnership
EU Member States Consortium. International Office for Water (France)
Kyiv, 16 April 2019
ASSESSMENT OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN CANAANLAND, OTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.O...Felix Oginni
Effluent from a sewage treatment plant in Covenant University, Canaanland is made to pass through a series of constructed wetland before discharging into a gully that drains into River Iju (also known as Atuara). This river is used as a source of drinking water and also provides food in form of fish for hundreds of thousands of people downstream and eventually enters the lagoon, some 60km away. Effectiveness and adequacy of the wastewater treatment facility in place was assessed in order to improve sanitation within this watershed, thereby alleviating environmental challenges in this coastal region of Nigeria. Waste water is gravity drained to the southwest portion of the campus where the solid is removed and the liquid is allowed to flow through six sets of constructed wetlands, each with four chambers. Within each chamber are water hyacinth plants put in place to remove nutrients from the waster water.
A quick survey of the facility shows the system to be effective in reducing and removing solids and dissolved solids from the waste water. The pH ranged between 6.6 and 6.8, conductivity from 530 to 600, and total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 360 – 400 ppm. The data obtained indicate that some modifications need to be made as the waste water treatment system is not very efficient in reducing the amount of TDS and nutrients. The flow rate is considered to be very high from cell to cell, thereby not allowing time for the plants and microbes to reduce the TDS. It is suggested that some method be devised to slow down the flow rate to allow the plants and microbes to work on reducing the TDS. Parameters also also considered included DO, E. Coli. Nitrate and Phosphates.
We are very pleased to provide you with this year's Consumer Confidence Report for Quonochontaug East Beach Water Association. This report provides you with information
on the water and services that we delivered to you in 2016. Included are details about where your water comes from,
what it contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies.
The water quality report from the Quonochontaug East Beach Water Association provides information on local drinking water sources and quality testing results. The report indicates that while water sources are at moderate risk of contamination, all contaminant levels in testing were within acceptable ranges except for a coliform bacteria detection in September 2016. Total coliform was detected in two samples that month, requiring the system to chlorinate wells and tanks to resolve the issue. Nitrate levels in both wells have been slowly rising in recent years and may require costly treatment if the trend continues.
IRJET- Characterization of Ground Water based on Water Quality Index in Bhatk...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes water quality in Bhatkal Taluk, Karnataka, India. Thirteen groundwater samples were collected from wells and tested for various physicochemical parameters including pH, hardness, alkalinity, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, etc. A water quality index (WQI) was calculated for each sample based on these parameters to classify the water quality on a scale of excellent to unsuitable. The WQI values ranged from 7.74 to 20.72 in the first sampling, indicating poor to very poor water quality. Subsequent samplings also produced WQI scores pointing to poor quality water that may require treatment before consumption. The study aims to assess groundwater quality in the region and raise public awareness about drinking
Marine pollution and its control along Karachi coastlineMinza Mumtaz
Karachi, the metropolitan city of Pakistan, facing different problems which not only effect the public health but also the environment. We as a human being are the main reason for the deterioration of our environment. Our modern lifestyle causes sustainability issues which darken the future of next generation. In this presentation, an overview of the marine pollution was given along Karachi coastline.
Assessing groundwater quality with special reference to the human, agricultur...Innspub Net
The twenty-first century faces enormous threats to fresh water and future wars are based on water issues. And Nations shows efforts toward water resource management. Because their attitudes are sensitive and highly important for water. Water is a great bestowal of nature. This lively liquid is essential for human survival and for their primary secondary and tertiary activities. The present study deals with the assessment of groundwater quality levels for human, industrial and agricultural use of Sargodha city Punjab Pakistan. The assessment based on water quality analysis of different water parameters like Electrical conductivity, alkalinity, calcium, chloride, hardness, magnesium, Total dissolve Solids, turbidity, Sulfate etc. The water for domestic use must be free from turbidity and the drinking water should be odor free. Color less and good test or test less. The harmful micro-organism should not be in the water. The assessment of water quality highly fluctuates in the study area. Water quality parameters are mostly unsafe for drinking and agricultural purposes in central part of the city which is highly built up. While it may use for some types of industries but in surrounding areas quality of water is much better for drinking, agricultural and industrial use. Although overall water quality are unsafe for human use while very few areas have safe water for human drinking and domestic use agriculture also require less dissolve solids water but there are some crops to resist with high solids. Water may use for industries after purifying. Quality Criteria for Agricultural usage: Elements that makes water suitable or unsuitable for agricultural purposes or for irrigation are amount of silt, total salt concentration, relative properties of sodium to the other cations like calcium and magnesium, bicarbonate content and concentration of toxic element such as boron. Quality Criteria for Live Stock usage: Mainly total dissolved solids and concentration of toxic elements checked for livestock usage. Quality Criteria for Industrial usage: Water quality changed with the type of industry for example Pharmaceutical and paper industry demand of water is purest but in mining industry it is not required purest water. A medium quality of water is used for mining industry.
This document provides a review of groundwater pollution. It discusses how groundwater is an important source of water for drinking, agriculture, and industry. However, groundwater is vulnerable to pollution from various sources like agriculture, industrial activities, and contaminated land. The review summarizes the types of groundwater pollution including nitrates, heavy metals, microbiological contaminants, and more. It also discusses the health effects of contaminated groundwater. The document examines methods for studying groundwater pollution and contaminant transport, as well as remediation techniques used to treat contaminated groundwater.
Similar to The Effect of Penurious Sanitation facilities (septic tanks/latrine) on groundwater infrastructures in the Cowfield Community, Duport Road, Liberia (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.