A disease outbreak like a natural disaster impacts all elements of society. There is a common agenda for societal sustainability whether preparing for outbreaks of Ebola or pandemics of influenza or earthquakes. The principles of strengthening community resilience are the same for natural disasters as they are for epidemics of communicable disease. The successful response to a deadly epidemic and a catastrophic natural disaster depends on community participation, education, awareness of the threat, what to expect and early warning. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction

1. EBOLA VIRUS OUTBREAKS:
UNDERSTANDING RISK AND RISK
REDUCTION USING NATURAL
HAZARD PARADIGMS

2. APPLYING WHAT WE KNOW INNOVATIVELY
AND STRATEGICALLY TO ACHIEVE
SOCIETAL SUSTAINABILITY
A FRAMEWORK FOR LIVING WITH THE
INSTABILITIES CAUSED BY DEADLY
DISEASE OUTBREAKS SUCH AS EBOLA AND
PANDEMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES,
AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

3. The First Cases of Ebola emerged in
Guinea in March of this year and has
since spread to Sierra Leone

4. THE VISION IS SUSTAINABLE URBAN
DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE
IN EVERY COMMUNITY IN ALL PARTS
OF THE WORLD

6. EDUCATION AND ACTIVE LEARNING
UNDER-
STAND
IDENT-
IFY
HEAR
PERSON-
ALIZE ACT
PERIOD OF
INTEGRATION
WINDOW OF
OPPORTUNITY
PERIOD OF
IMPLEMENTATION

7. Belgian Doctors in Zaire, 1976

8. Dr Peter Piot’s notes describing the
characteristics of Ebola in 1976
have been invaluable in the response
to subsequent outbreaks

9. EDUCATION
GOAL:
SOCIETAL
SUSTANABILITY
ACADEMIA
FUNCTIONAL
NETWORKING
CHANNELS
INFORMATION
NETWORKING
CHANNELS
ORGANIZATION
NETWORKING
CHANNELS
INNOVATION
COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERS
Stratec Consulting

10. YOUR
COMMUNITYDATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
•HAZARD MAPS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK REDUCTION
•PREVENTION-MITIGATION
•PREPAREDNESS
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY
•ADAPTATION
POLICY OPTIONS

11. EVERY COMMUNITY IS AT RISK
AND HAS AN URGENT NEED
FOR PUBLIC POLICIES AND
STRATEGIC PLANS TO
MONITOR, PREVENT, MITIGATE,
AND PREPARE FOR THE
INEVITABLE

14. ALL PUBLIC POLICIES SHOULD BE
BASED ON AN UNDERSTANDING OF
WHAT CAN HAPPEN AND AN
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN TO KEEP IT
FROM HAPPENING AND CAUSING A
DISASTER OR CATASTROPHIC
DISEASE OUTBREAK

16. DISEASE OUTBREAKS LIKE
NATURAL DISASTERS IMPACT ALL
ELEMENTS OF SOCIETY

18. INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF
SOCIETAL SUSTAINABILITY
GOAL: TO FIND THE COMMON AGENDA
(CA) OF TECHNICAL
AND POLITICAL SOLUTIONS
TECHNICAL
SOLUTIONS POLITICAL
SOLUTIONSCA

19. OUR WORLD IS AT RISK FROM
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
 WATER-BORNE
DISEASES
 AIR-BORNE
DISEASES
 PEOPLE-BORNE
DISEASES
 VIRUSES,
BACTERIA,
TOXINS

20. SURPRISE!
THE EBOLA VIRUS IS ONE OF THE
INFECTIOUS DISEASES THAT THE
WORLD IS NOW URGENTLY
CONCERNED ABOUT (AGAIN)
AT PRESENT, NO KNOWN
CURE EXISTS

21. ELECTRON MICROGRAPH OFTHE
EBOLA-ZAIRE VIRUS

22. SYMPTOMS
ELEMENTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC RISK
EXPOSURE
VULNERABILITY LOCATION
RISK

23. AFRICA: NATURAL HAZARDS,
PLAGUES AND POLITICS
 POLITICAL
INSTABILITY
 FLOODS
 DROUGHTS
 ENVIRONMENTAL
THREATS TO AIR,
WATER, AND SOIL
 ENDANGERED
SPECIES
 POOR HEALTH

24. The First Cases of Ebola emerged in
Guinea in March of this year and has
since spread to Sierra Leone and
Liberia, with a suspected cluster in
densely populated Nigeria.

25. THE SPREAD OF EBOLA

26. HISTORY OF EBOLA
OUTBREAKS 1976-2014

27. Zaire Outbreak, 1976

28. The current Ebola outbreak
is the largest and longest ever
recorded for the disease, which
has a death rate of about 50
percent and has so far killed at
least 961 people, according to
the World Health Organization.

29. Scientists say the disease can
only be spread through direct
contact with bodily fluids.

30. VULNERABILITIES
 The virus is spread by contact
with a stricken person’s fluids:
blood, sweat, tears, and
diarrhea.

31. FIGHTING EBOLA

33. THE PRINCIPLES WE
EMPLOY IN FIGHTING
NATURAL HAZARDS CAN
ALSO BE APPLIED TO
OUTBREAKS AND
EPIDEMICS

34. STRATEGIES TO HALT THE SPREAD OF EBOLA
ARE ESSENTIALLY THE SAME FOR DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION
 MONITOR
(REAL-TIME
KNOWEDGE OF WHAT
IS HAPPENING IN
SPACE AND TIME)
 PREVENTION
(CONTROL THE
SOURCE)

35. House to house disease surveys or monitoring
is essential for detection of the earliest cases in
and to answer to effective prevention measures
before a disease outbreak gets out of control

36. THERE IS A COMMON AGENDA FOR SOCIETAL
SUSTAINABILITY WHETHER PREPARING FOR
EPIDEMICS OR EARTHQUAKES
 MITIGATION
(REDUCE
SOCIETAL
IMPACTS)
 PREPAREDNESS
(BE READY FOR
THE INEVITABLE
AND THE UN-
THINKABLE)

37. THE SUCCESSFUL RESPONSE TO A DEADLY EPIDEMIC
AND A CATASTROPHIC NATURAL DISASTER BOTH
DEPEND ON COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, EDUCATION,
AND AWARENESS OF THE THREAT

38. THE PRINCIPLES OF STRENGTHENING
COMMUNITY RESILIENCE ARE THE SAME
FOR NATURAL DISASTERS AS THEY ARE
FOR EPIDEMICS OF COMMUNICABLE
DISEASE