West Africa Ebola Outbreak 1
West Africa Ebola Outbreak
Joseph Toole
Principles of Epidemiology PHE 5015 S01
12 Jun 2016
Introduction
Around two years ago, there was worldwide uproar concerning Ebola. The outbreak had occurred in West Africa with individuals nations’ health departments stretched to the limit while trying to cope with the situation. Well wishing nations had to volunteer in terms of health practitioners and funds among other ways in order to assist the nations. Ebola is an infectious disease that is deadly discovered in Zaire in 1976. It is caused by Ebola virus which can be spread via contact with an infected person. Its spread it’s fast since contact with an infected person’s blood or body fluids. This paper will cover an overview of outbreak in 2014 in West Africa, observations, recommendations and conclusion.
Overview, Investigative methodology and rationale for the topic
The first outbreak of the epidemic was discovered in early 2014. It was reported in countries of West Africa namely: Sierra Lone, Guinea and Liberia. The three countries were the huge victims of the epidemic. Most of the victims of the outbreak died with a few survivors (CDC, 2016 n.d. - a). The reported symptoms among the victims were fatigue, fever, severe headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and unexplained bleeding (CDC, 2016 n.d.-b). The symptoms are discovered roughly between 2 -21 days after infection. The methodology employed in order to determine the magnitude the outbreak encompassed different aspects. There was laboratory tests, study design and patients, data analysis and ethical considerations played a vital role. Study was carried out around the suspected victims. Lab tests were done via use of victim’s blood or oral swap. Ethical considerations were employed to determine the response of public health to the outbreak and contain it. Data analysis was vital in order to relate each case to a certain geographical location. Data from center for disease, World health Organization, European center for Disease prevention and control, National Institute of health will play a critical role in this paper since it will back up the facts presented. The rationale behind choosing the topic is to assist in comprehending the methods employed by epidemiologists in order to understand diseases in populations determine what disease is affecting the population and finally employ measures to treat as well as prevent its future occurrence.
Ebola in West Africa
Outbreaks in Africa have been reported as early as 2007. The ailment was previously known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever which is capable of affecting both humans and primates. It has a couple of species which include the Sudan virus, Reston virus, Bundibugyo virus, Tae Forest virus and Ebola virus. Reston is common in the monkey species. Few cases have been reported regarding the outbreak since it was discovered ranging from around 1-400 annually. For instance, in Gulu villag.
Running head Ebola outbreak in western AfricaEbola outbreak in .docxsusanschei
Running head: Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Joseph Toole
Principles of Epidemiology
5 June 2016
Since the beginning of March 2014, West Africa experienced the largest Ebola outbreak in history. The unprecedented scale of the most recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa as of April 29, 2015, caused more than 10884 fatalities in 26277 cases that were reported. Prior to this outbreak, the virus had caused relatively smaller outbreaks the most devastating on being in a small village in Uganda known as Gulu where there were more than 425 deaths were reported in isolated cases in central Africa. The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically the various major themes surrounding the 2014 outbreak, including the epidemiological studies, the methods utilized, the approach to the study as well as the data collection and statistical measures and analysis. The report will compile a comprehensive database of estimates including the epidemiological parameters based on the data from previous outbreaks. The most recent outbreak has ironically provided an opportunity for understanding the patterns of transmission of EDV (Van Kerkhove, Bento, Mills, Ferguson, & Donnelly, 2015).
Before the intensification of the Ebola outbreak, the western African countries were making considerably remarkable progress economically. In Liberia and Sierra Leone, in particular, rapid economic development was clearly evident as the countries continued to fight and rise from years of civil strife and abject poverty. In the previous year, the two countries were ranked among the top ten countries in the world in GDP growth .guinea as a country had a relatively slower economic growth but with prospects of tremendous growth with the initiation of the expected simandou iron ore project on which major key investors in the iron mining industry had signed. The industry was however had hit by the outbreak since the prices began to drop considerably while mining plans were halted due to the Ebola outbreak. The effect of the project as described above has raised concerns about the profitability of these projects in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and a guinea, the IMF had prospected the GDP growth of the countries that year to be 11.3 percent, 5.9 percent, and 4.5 percent respectively. As a result of the outbreak, the IMF revised the growth rates to 8.0 percent, 2.5 percent, and 2.4 percent respectively (WHO, 2016).
In addition to the fatalities, the Ebola outbreak almost brought the economy of the affected West African nations to a standstill. The agricultural sector being the key economic sector in these nations was hard hit since the outbreak came during the planting season affecting the normal planting activities, therefore, diminishing the yields of the staple maize and rice crops. The prices of everyday consumer agricultural product rose by more than 150% pushing the nations to the brink of starvation and unparallel ...
Analyzing the economic consequences of an epidemic outbreak experience from t...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the economic impact of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. It finds that the outbreak adversely affected economic growth, commodity prices, and government budget deficits in the hardest hit countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Using a probit model and data from the four affected West African countries between March and September 2014, the study finds that factors like the severity of the outbreak, isolation of countries, and cumulative infection cases significantly increased the probability of adverse economic outcomes. It recommends strengthening health systems and regional coordination to combat future epidemics.
Analyzing the economic consequences of an epidemic outbreak experience from t...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the economic impact of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. It finds that the outbreak adversely affected economic growth, commodity prices, and government budget deficits in the hardest hit countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Using a probit model and data from the four affected West African countries between March and September 2014, the study finds that factors like the severity of the outbreak, isolation of countries, and cumulative infection cases significantly increased the probability of adverse economic outcomes. It recommends strengthening health systems and regional coordination to combat future epidemics.
The document discusses a research proposal on assessing public awareness of the impacts of the Ebola outbreak. It provides background on Ebola, including its history and transmission. The largest Ebola outbreak started in West Africa in 2014. The purpose of the study is to evaluate Malaysian public knowledge of Ebola's effects. It will investigate the causes and impacts of Ebola and solutions to increase public awareness of the outbreak. The significance is to ensure Malaysians understand Ebola risks and precautions.
AssignmentPurposePretend you are a homeowner and need to get.docxnormanibarber20063
Assignment
Purpose
Pretend you are a homeowner and need to get your house painted. Create a clear statement of work that you could give to a contractor. You can make up details of the project as you see fit, but all requirements you give should be clear and measurable.
Instructions
As a minimum, the statement should clearly detail:
· What the project is, why it’s happening, and what it will achieve (overview)
· Who has approval (governance)
· How the project will be completed (approach + phases + tasks)
· What will be produced (deliverables)
· When it will be delivered (timeline + milestones)
· What it will cost (estimate + payment schedule)
· What is and isn’t included (assumptions)
Grading Rubric
Criteria
Ratings
Pts
Quality
20.0 to >18.0 pts
Excellent
Excellent document addressing all elements of the prompt with clearly articulated and measurable requirements
18.0 to >15.0 pts
Good
Good document addressing all elements of the prompt with not all requirements being clear and/or measurable
15.0 to >13.0 pts
Fair
Fair document addressing most of the prompt with not all requirements being clear and/or measurable
13.0 to >0 pts
Poor
Poor document with many missing items
EBOLA VIRUS BREAKOUT 4
BREAKOUT OF EBOLA VIRUS IN AFRICA COUNTRIES
(2014-16)
BREAKOUT OF EBOLA VIRUS IN AFRICA COUNTRIES
(2014-16)
1. Introduction
The world health organization reported the cases of EBOLA virus back in 2014 from forested region of Guinea, this ruler region was the first to report the largest and most terrorizing Ebola virus breakout in the history of humanity. This virus is also spread to other African countries and became one of the deadliest in the world. West African countries of Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia, have seen one of the History’s most traumatized virus outbreak. These countries are considered one of the highest populated and poor countries in Africa. Though African countries faced Ebola virus before but this outbreak take over 1500 lives. Therefore this paper will analyze the Ebola Virus Breakout of 2014. The Ebola Virus does appear after this massive breakout but the less intensity. Following are the insight of this terrifying outbreak in which the reasons of this huge spread will be discussed.
2. The Deadly Virus
Ebola Virus is the very rare but it is considered as the deadliest virus. After entering in the body this virus damages immune system, it make cell if the body explode, which results in heavy bleeding, it attacks on the organ cells and damages the organs as well. This cause bleeding in the body and a person dies. This virus previously called as hemorrhagic fever but its now known as Ebola virus.
Ebola is contagious but quite less than colds and influenza etc. Ebola spread with the contact of body fluids and touch or from any infected animal, the animal spread was a major.
Public Health Response to Ebola Statement of Dr. FriedenDawn Dawson
House Energy and Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Public Health Response to Ebola October 16, 2014
Statement of Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, M.D., M.P.H.
Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
This document discusses a study on the "fearonomic effects" of the Ebola outbreak in Nigeria on the private sector. The study used interviews and a survey to examine the direct and indirect economic impacts of the outbreak. Key findings include:
- Misinformation and fear-induced behavior during the outbreak led to health service outages, reduced healthcare usage, and changes in consumption patterns.
- While certain sectors like health, aviation, and hospitality were more directly affected, no business was immune to the impacts of fear about Ebola.
- Even sectors expected to benefit, like pharmaceuticals, suffered due to demand shocks and changed consumption behaviors.
- Outbreaks can trigger short-term economic impacts through
The document provides background information on the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak in history. It discusses how Ebola spread from Guinea to the neighboring countries of Liberia and Sierra Leone due to porous borders and mobility. Issues that promoted the spread included cultural practices like eating bushmeat, lack of understanding of Western medicine, and damage to health infrastructure from civil wars in the affected countries. Problems arose regarding personal protective equipment recommendations, availability of supplies, and proper use of PPE. However, specialized treatment units like the one at Emory Hospital helped successfully treat patients through years of preparation and stringent safety protocols.
Running head Ebola outbreak in western AfricaEbola outbreak in .docxsusanschei
Running head: Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Ebola outbreak in western Africa
Joseph Toole
Principles of Epidemiology
5 June 2016
Since the beginning of March 2014, West Africa experienced the largest Ebola outbreak in history. The unprecedented scale of the most recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa as of April 29, 2015, caused more than 10884 fatalities in 26277 cases that were reported. Prior to this outbreak, the virus had caused relatively smaller outbreaks the most devastating on being in a small village in Uganda known as Gulu where there were more than 425 deaths were reported in isolated cases in central Africa. The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically the various major themes surrounding the 2014 outbreak, including the epidemiological studies, the methods utilized, the approach to the study as well as the data collection and statistical measures and analysis. The report will compile a comprehensive database of estimates including the epidemiological parameters based on the data from previous outbreaks. The most recent outbreak has ironically provided an opportunity for understanding the patterns of transmission of EDV (Van Kerkhove, Bento, Mills, Ferguson, & Donnelly, 2015).
Before the intensification of the Ebola outbreak, the western African countries were making considerably remarkable progress economically. In Liberia and Sierra Leone, in particular, rapid economic development was clearly evident as the countries continued to fight and rise from years of civil strife and abject poverty. In the previous year, the two countries were ranked among the top ten countries in the world in GDP growth .guinea as a country had a relatively slower economic growth but with prospects of tremendous growth with the initiation of the expected simandou iron ore project on which major key investors in the iron mining industry had signed. The industry was however had hit by the outbreak since the prices began to drop considerably while mining plans were halted due to the Ebola outbreak. The effect of the project as described above has raised concerns about the profitability of these projects in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and a guinea, the IMF had prospected the GDP growth of the countries that year to be 11.3 percent, 5.9 percent, and 4.5 percent respectively. As a result of the outbreak, the IMF revised the growth rates to 8.0 percent, 2.5 percent, and 2.4 percent respectively (WHO, 2016).
In addition to the fatalities, the Ebola outbreak almost brought the economy of the affected West African nations to a standstill. The agricultural sector being the key economic sector in these nations was hard hit since the outbreak came during the planting season affecting the normal planting activities, therefore, diminishing the yields of the staple maize and rice crops. The prices of everyday consumer agricultural product rose by more than 150% pushing the nations to the brink of starvation and unparallel ...
Analyzing the economic consequences of an epidemic outbreak experience from t...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the economic impact of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. It finds that the outbreak adversely affected economic growth, commodity prices, and government budget deficits in the hardest hit countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Using a probit model and data from the four affected West African countries between March and September 2014, the study finds that factors like the severity of the outbreak, isolation of countries, and cumulative infection cases significantly increased the probability of adverse economic outcomes. It recommends strengthening health systems and regional coordination to combat future epidemics.
Analyzing the economic consequences of an epidemic outbreak experience from t...Alexander Decker
The document analyzes the economic impact of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. It finds that the outbreak adversely affected economic growth, commodity prices, and government budget deficits in the hardest hit countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Using a probit model and data from the four affected West African countries between March and September 2014, the study finds that factors like the severity of the outbreak, isolation of countries, and cumulative infection cases significantly increased the probability of adverse economic outcomes. It recommends strengthening health systems and regional coordination to combat future epidemics.
The document discusses a research proposal on assessing public awareness of the impacts of the Ebola outbreak. It provides background on Ebola, including its history and transmission. The largest Ebola outbreak started in West Africa in 2014. The purpose of the study is to evaluate Malaysian public knowledge of Ebola's effects. It will investigate the causes and impacts of Ebola and solutions to increase public awareness of the outbreak. The significance is to ensure Malaysians understand Ebola risks and precautions.
AssignmentPurposePretend you are a homeowner and need to get.docxnormanibarber20063
Assignment
Purpose
Pretend you are a homeowner and need to get your house painted. Create a clear statement of work that you could give to a contractor. You can make up details of the project as you see fit, but all requirements you give should be clear and measurable.
Instructions
As a minimum, the statement should clearly detail:
· What the project is, why it’s happening, and what it will achieve (overview)
· Who has approval (governance)
· How the project will be completed (approach + phases + tasks)
· What will be produced (deliverables)
· When it will be delivered (timeline + milestones)
· What it will cost (estimate + payment schedule)
· What is and isn’t included (assumptions)
Grading Rubric
Criteria
Ratings
Pts
Quality
20.0 to >18.0 pts
Excellent
Excellent document addressing all elements of the prompt with clearly articulated and measurable requirements
18.0 to >15.0 pts
Good
Good document addressing all elements of the prompt with not all requirements being clear and/or measurable
15.0 to >13.0 pts
Fair
Fair document addressing most of the prompt with not all requirements being clear and/or measurable
13.0 to >0 pts
Poor
Poor document with many missing items
EBOLA VIRUS BREAKOUT 4
BREAKOUT OF EBOLA VIRUS IN AFRICA COUNTRIES
(2014-16)
BREAKOUT OF EBOLA VIRUS IN AFRICA COUNTRIES
(2014-16)
1. Introduction
The world health organization reported the cases of EBOLA virus back in 2014 from forested region of Guinea, this ruler region was the first to report the largest and most terrorizing Ebola virus breakout in the history of humanity. This virus is also spread to other African countries and became one of the deadliest in the world. West African countries of Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia, have seen one of the History’s most traumatized virus outbreak. These countries are considered one of the highest populated and poor countries in Africa. Though African countries faced Ebola virus before but this outbreak take over 1500 lives. Therefore this paper will analyze the Ebola Virus Breakout of 2014. The Ebola Virus does appear after this massive breakout but the less intensity. Following are the insight of this terrifying outbreak in which the reasons of this huge spread will be discussed.
2. The Deadly Virus
Ebola Virus is the very rare but it is considered as the deadliest virus. After entering in the body this virus damages immune system, it make cell if the body explode, which results in heavy bleeding, it attacks on the organ cells and damages the organs as well. This cause bleeding in the body and a person dies. This virus previously called as hemorrhagic fever but its now known as Ebola virus.
Ebola is contagious but quite less than colds and influenza etc. Ebola spread with the contact of body fluids and touch or from any infected animal, the animal spread was a major.
Public Health Response to Ebola Statement of Dr. FriedenDawn Dawson
House Energy and Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Public Health Response to Ebola October 16, 2014
Statement of Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, M.D., M.P.H.
Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
This document discusses a study on the "fearonomic effects" of the Ebola outbreak in Nigeria on the private sector. The study used interviews and a survey to examine the direct and indirect economic impacts of the outbreak. Key findings include:
- Misinformation and fear-induced behavior during the outbreak led to health service outages, reduced healthcare usage, and changes in consumption patterns.
- While certain sectors like health, aviation, and hospitality were more directly affected, no business was immune to the impacts of fear about Ebola.
- Even sectors expected to benefit, like pharmaceuticals, suffered due to demand shocks and changed consumption behaviors.
- Outbreaks can trigger short-term economic impacts through
The document provides background information on the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak in history. It discusses how Ebola spread from Guinea to the neighboring countries of Liberia and Sierra Leone due to porous borders and mobility. Issues that promoted the spread included cultural practices like eating bushmeat, lack of understanding of Western medicine, and damage to health infrastructure from civil wars in the affected countries. Problems arose regarding personal protective equipment recommendations, availability of supplies, and proper use of PPE. However, specialized treatment units like the one at Emory Hospital helped successfully treat patients through years of preparation and stringent safety protocols.
This document provides an analysis of policies related to controlling the spread of filoviruses such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease. It begins with an introduction to the current Ebola outbreak in West Africa and defines filoviruses. It then discusses the classification and transmission of filoviruses, symptoms and treatment, and provides background on the history of Ebola and Marburg outbreaks. The document analyzes current situations, issues with existing policies, and implications of inaction. It proposes three solutions to control the spread: controlling travel, rapid testing, and vaccine development. The document concludes with a policy recommendation.
Epidemiology is defined as the study of occurrence.docxwrite22
1. Epidemiology is defined as the study of occurrence and distribution of health-related states and events in populations, including determinants that influence these states.
2. Ebola virus disease is a deadly disease caused by Ebolavirus that commonly affects people and primates. It was first discovered in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo and has caused several outbreaks in central and west Africa.
3. The largest Ebola outbreak occurred from 2014-2016 in West Africa, with over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths. The outbreak began with an infected child in Guinea and spread to other countries before being contained.
The document analyzes the effect of American military intervention in the 2014 West Africa Ebola outbreak. It compares data on death counts and case numbers in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone before and after US intervention. The graphs show deaths and cases leveling off in Liberia and Sierra Leone following US intervention in October 2014, while numbers remained high in Guinea where there was no intervention. This suggests that American aid helped slow the spread of the virus in the countries it was focused on.
The document summarizes the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the deadliest in history. It describes the origins and spread of the virus in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It discusses factors that contributed to the rapid spread such as weak healthcare systems, cultural burial practices, and a slow international response. Critics argue the IMF, local governments, and WHO failed to adequately address the crisis in its early stages. Over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths were reported before the outbreak was declared over in 2016.
Catholic Distance University Humanitarian Emergency Paper.docxwrite12
1) The document discusses a humanitarian emergency - the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
2) In response, the World Health Organization deployed medical teams, established Ebola treatment units, increased health worker training, created public awareness campaigns, and distributed supplies and maps to curb the spread of the virus.
3) Their response helped minimize continued transmission, but the outbreak also had political impacts like travel bans and exposed weaknesses in some countries' health systems.
Catholic Distance University Humanitarian Emergency Paper.docxsdfghj21
1) The document discusses a humanitarian emergency - the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak.
2) The World Health Organization responded quickly by setting up Ebola treatment units, deploying medical teams, increasing public education, and distributing supplies.
3) Their strategies helped curb the continued spread of the virus and bring the outbreak under control.
This document discusses filoviruses, which cause viral hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease. It provides background on the classification and transmission of filoviruses, describing how they are spread through contact with bodily fluids. Symptoms are then explained, which include fever, vomiting, and bleeding. As there is no vaccine or cure, treatment focuses on supportive care. The document concludes by reviewing the history of Ebola virus outbreaks since 1976 and discusses current concerns around controlling the ongoing 2014 outbreak in West Africa.
This document discusses the challenges of distinguishing between hemorrhagic fevers like Ebola, dengue, and malaria in West Africa. It notes that in Burkina Faso, many fevers are attributed to malaria but up to 78% test negative for malaria. Studies have found dengue rates of 2.7-10% in some areas. However, surveillance for diseases like dengue is weak, diagnostic tools are limited, and health workers have little training on differentiating fevers. The authors argue that strengthening surveillance for all hemorrhagic fevers, not just Ebola, will be important to improve diagnosis and response to outbreaks in the region.
Dr John Bergman discusses the true CAUSE of the most recent PANDEMIC SCARE...EBOLA! Get the real facts and research studies that reveal the truth about this "dreaded disease". Did you know that Ebola was discovered back in 1976? Why are we JUST NOW hearing about the risk to Americans? Learn 5 simple steps already proven to eliminate Ebola in Africa.
This document provides information about Ebola virus disease (EVD) including its transmission, symptoms, prevention, and the 2014 West Africa outbreak. It details how a Liberian diplomat, Patrick Sawyer, unknowingly spread the disease to Nigeria by traveling there while infected and in denial about his infection. Sawyer came into contact with 59 people in Nigeria and exhibited disruptive behavior at hospitals in both Nigeria and Liberia before succumbing to the disease, highlighting the risks of disregarding medical advice during an outbreak. The document outlines key facts about EVD transmission, symptoms, treatment and prevention measures to raise awareness about the disease.
PAW presentation on engaging stakeholders and community leaders to impact Ebola outbreaks. It includes some details about modeling that I'd used, as well as sociopolitical contexts prior to the outbreaks, which played a large role in the success of efforts.
The document is a project report on the Ebola virus submitted for a school examination. It includes an introduction that describes the origins and risks of Ebola, noting that it is caused by one of five virus strains found in several African countries with no known cure or vaccine. It then provides sections on the current West Africa outbreak which began in 2013, how Ebola is transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, the WHO response which includes surveillance and support for affected countries, current statistics on the outbreak from WHO, symptoms and current treatment approaches, and prevention methods such as proper hygiene practices.
The document discusses various international organizations involved in health and development. It describes the objectives and activities of the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), International Red Cross, CARE International, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and the Colombo Plan.
Fighting Against Ebola: Public Health and NepalMMC, IOM, Nepal
Ebola virus disease is a severe and often fatal illness in humans that was first identified in 1976. The current 2014-2016 outbreak in West Africa was the largest in history. While supportive care can improve survival rates, there are currently no licensed vaccines or treatments for Ebola. Approximately 3,000-5,000 Nepalese citizens work in the affected regions of West Africa, placing Nepal at risk of an outbreak. However, Nepal is ill-prepared to handle Ebola cases, as its airports lack proper screening and designated treatment hospitals lack necessary resources and isolation facilities. Some experts argue that market incentives have led to a lack of Ebola research by pharmaceutical companies, as the disease primarily affects poor regions of Africa
This document provides an overview of the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa as of April 18, 2014. It summarizes the situation in Guinea and Liberia, where confirmed Ebola cases have been reported. In Guinea, there have been a total of 197 clinical cases and 122 deaths reported. In Liberia, there have been 27 clinical cases and 13 deaths reported. The response has included contact tracing, case isolation and management, training for health workers, and social mobilization efforts. Challenges include limited health resources, infection control issues, and the need to improve community awareness as the outbreak continues.
Ebola Outbreak in Liberia : August 2014Amit Bhagat
This report is about the Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) (also known as Ebola Hemmorhagic fever) in Liberia, which occurred mainly in most parts of the West Africa starting from Guinea and reaching to heart of Sierra Leone, Liberia, Nigeria and most other places. EVD is an epidemic disease and also highly infectious. This disease is very severe, rare and deadly, with a fatality rate of approx 90%. There is no such cure or vaccine is present, only some experimental drugs have been using (till date). Thus, many organizations viz WHO, CDC, Red Cross etc are working for prevention and relief of patients to fight against this epidemic disease.
The document summarizes an epidemiological study of the 2014-2015 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in the Western Area of Sierra Leone. It found that the Western Area, comprising only 2 of Sierra Leone's 14 districts, accounted for over half of the country's reported EVD cases and deaths. Key factors driving transmission included delayed detection and response, intense population movement, overcrowding, and unresponsive communities. Transmission was primarily through contact, with limited transmission through sex and breast milk. The unprecedented scale of the outbreak in the urban Western Area was attributed to these factors and highlighted the need for strengthened preparedness and swift response to limit morbidity and mortality in future similar outbreak outbreaks.
Nigeria was able to defeat the Ebola virus through a combination of proactive measures, including issuing early warnings, establishing emergency response centers, conducting extensive public education campaigns, and effectively tracking and quarantining individuals exposed to the virus. The first case was introduced by a traveler from Liberia, and Nigeria ultimately saw 19 total cases and 7 deaths before being declared Ebola-free within 3 months. Key factors in Nigeria's successful response included national unity in fighting the disease, stringent preventive measures adopted by the public, and the country's isolated treatment method for each Ebola symptom.
·NEWSStates Take Aim at Social Welfare Programs By Ti.docxphilipnelson29183
·
NEWS
States Take Aim at Social Welfare Programs
By
Tierney Sneed
April 9, 2015 | 5:00 a.m. EDT
Bans on steak and tattoos attract national attention, but other provisions raise concerns among advocates for the poor.
A New Jersey woman pays for food using a welfare card in January. Lawmakers in Kansas and Missouri are considering laws that would restrict what welfare recipients can buy using food stamps and other forms of public assistance.
·
·
·
·
State lawmakers attracted national attention this week for seeking to ban the use of welfare funds on lingerie, fortune tellers or even cookies, proposals that reflect a renewed focus on scrutinizing the social safety net as the country rebounds from the Great Recession.
A Missouri bill introduced by Republican state Rep. Rick Brattin would outlaw the use of welfare funds to purchase chips, energy drinks, soft drinks, seafood and steak. Kansas legislation, which has passed both chambers and is on its way to Gov. Sam Brownback’s desk, is a more comprehensive overhaul of how the state administers its benefits.
OPINION
Food Stamps Work A Lot Better Than You Think
Critics say such measures stigmatize the poor and that Republicans, who are often behind the efforts, are simply playing politics in limiting assistance programs – especially since the money is provided by the federal government rather than the state. Proponents point out that states still share the administrative costs and have an interest in pursuing programs that are effective in getting people back to work, regardless of how they’re funded.
According to those who study welfare, recipients usually prioritize the money for essentials. So provisions like those in the Kansas bill – which outlaws spending welfare money at cruise ships, tattoo parlors, casino and strip clubs – are symbolic at best.
“It’s this old idea that the poor and welfare recipients are somehow different than the rest of us, that we need to put in place controls and regulations,” says Mark Rank, a Washington University professor and author of “Living on the Edge: The Realities of Welfare in America.”
“It is also feeding into this stereotype that people have a good life on welfare and are living it up and having lobster and steak,” he says, adding, “most people are struggling to get by and the job of being poor is a very hard job."
The very poor have access to public welfare through a number of federally funded programs administered by the states. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) provides short-term funds for families struggling to make ends meet through an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card that works like a debit card. Through Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), households bringing in under a certain level of income can receive monthly allotments for food, also administered on an EBT card.
“The interest for state lawmakers has been that, even as as the economy has improved, they continue to see a lot of individuals being ad.
·Analyze HRM legal regulations and learn proper procedures for.docxphilipnelson29183
·
Analyze HRM legal regulations and learn proper procedures for reducing an organization’s liability to HRM legal problems
·
Explain the substance of the relationship between the employer, employee and independent contractor
·
Identify the duties and right of the parties in an employment contract as well as the liabilities of each in the event of non-compliance
·
Discuss issues in discrimination in hiring, Affirmative Action and Civil Rights
·
Explain government regulations of the workplace
·
Analyze and apply various HRM legal requirements
·
Use effective communication techniques.
·
Use team and problem-solving skills to collaborate on a project.
.
More Related Content
Similar to West Africa Ebola Outbreak1West Africa Eb.docx
This document provides an analysis of policies related to controlling the spread of filoviruses such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease. It begins with an introduction to the current Ebola outbreak in West Africa and defines filoviruses. It then discusses the classification and transmission of filoviruses, symptoms and treatment, and provides background on the history of Ebola and Marburg outbreaks. The document analyzes current situations, issues with existing policies, and implications of inaction. It proposes three solutions to control the spread: controlling travel, rapid testing, and vaccine development. The document concludes with a policy recommendation.
Epidemiology is defined as the study of occurrence.docxwrite22
1. Epidemiology is defined as the study of occurrence and distribution of health-related states and events in populations, including determinants that influence these states.
2. Ebola virus disease is a deadly disease caused by Ebolavirus that commonly affects people and primates. It was first discovered in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo and has caused several outbreaks in central and west Africa.
3. The largest Ebola outbreak occurred from 2014-2016 in West Africa, with over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths. The outbreak began with an infected child in Guinea and spread to other countries before being contained.
The document analyzes the effect of American military intervention in the 2014 West Africa Ebola outbreak. It compares data on death counts and case numbers in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone before and after US intervention. The graphs show deaths and cases leveling off in Liberia and Sierra Leone following US intervention in October 2014, while numbers remained high in Guinea where there was no intervention. This suggests that American aid helped slow the spread of the virus in the countries it was focused on.
The document summarizes the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the deadliest in history. It describes the origins and spread of the virus in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It discusses factors that contributed to the rapid spread such as weak healthcare systems, cultural burial practices, and a slow international response. Critics argue the IMF, local governments, and WHO failed to adequately address the crisis in its early stages. Over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths were reported before the outbreak was declared over in 2016.
Catholic Distance University Humanitarian Emergency Paper.docxwrite12
1) The document discusses a humanitarian emergency - the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
2) In response, the World Health Organization deployed medical teams, established Ebola treatment units, increased health worker training, created public awareness campaigns, and distributed supplies and maps to curb the spread of the virus.
3) Their response helped minimize continued transmission, but the outbreak also had political impacts like travel bans and exposed weaknesses in some countries' health systems.
Catholic Distance University Humanitarian Emergency Paper.docxsdfghj21
1) The document discusses a humanitarian emergency - the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak.
2) The World Health Organization responded quickly by setting up Ebola treatment units, deploying medical teams, increasing public education, and distributing supplies.
3) Their strategies helped curb the continued spread of the virus and bring the outbreak under control.
This document discusses filoviruses, which cause viral hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease. It provides background on the classification and transmission of filoviruses, describing how they are spread through contact with bodily fluids. Symptoms are then explained, which include fever, vomiting, and bleeding. As there is no vaccine or cure, treatment focuses on supportive care. The document concludes by reviewing the history of Ebola virus outbreaks since 1976 and discusses current concerns around controlling the ongoing 2014 outbreak in West Africa.
This document discusses the challenges of distinguishing between hemorrhagic fevers like Ebola, dengue, and malaria in West Africa. It notes that in Burkina Faso, many fevers are attributed to malaria but up to 78% test negative for malaria. Studies have found dengue rates of 2.7-10% in some areas. However, surveillance for diseases like dengue is weak, diagnostic tools are limited, and health workers have little training on differentiating fevers. The authors argue that strengthening surveillance for all hemorrhagic fevers, not just Ebola, will be important to improve diagnosis and response to outbreaks in the region.
Dr John Bergman discusses the true CAUSE of the most recent PANDEMIC SCARE...EBOLA! Get the real facts and research studies that reveal the truth about this "dreaded disease". Did you know that Ebola was discovered back in 1976? Why are we JUST NOW hearing about the risk to Americans? Learn 5 simple steps already proven to eliminate Ebola in Africa.
This document provides information about Ebola virus disease (EVD) including its transmission, symptoms, prevention, and the 2014 West Africa outbreak. It details how a Liberian diplomat, Patrick Sawyer, unknowingly spread the disease to Nigeria by traveling there while infected and in denial about his infection. Sawyer came into contact with 59 people in Nigeria and exhibited disruptive behavior at hospitals in both Nigeria and Liberia before succumbing to the disease, highlighting the risks of disregarding medical advice during an outbreak. The document outlines key facts about EVD transmission, symptoms, treatment and prevention measures to raise awareness about the disease.
PAW presentation on engaging stakeholders and community leaders to impact Ebola outbreaks. It includes some details about modeling that I'd used, as well as sociopolitical contexts prior to the outbreaks, which played a large role in the success of efforts.
The document is a project report on the Ebola virus submitted for a school examination. It includes an introduction that describes the origins and risks of Ebola, noting that it is caused by one of five virus strains found in several African countries with no known cure or vaccine. It then provides sections on the current West Africa outbreak which began in 2013, how Ebola is transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, the WHO response which includes surveillance and support for affected countries, current statistics on the outbreak from WHO, symptoms and current treatment approaches, and prevention methods such as proper hygiene practices.
The document discusses various international organizations involved in health and development. It describes the objectives and activities of the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), International Red Cross, CARE International, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and the Colombo Plan.
Fighting Against Ebola: Public Health and NepalMMC, IOM, Nepal
Ebola virus disease is a severe and often fatal illness in humans that was first identified in 1976. The current 2014-2016 outbreak in West Africa was the largest in history. While supportive care can improve survival rates, there are currently no licensed vaccines or treatments for Ebola. Approximately 3,000-5,000 Nepalese citizens work in the affected regions of West Africa, placing Nepal at risk of an outbreak. However, Nepal is ill-prepared to handle Ebola cases, as its airports lack proper screening and designated treatment hospitals lack necessary resources and isolation facilities. Some experts argue that market incentives have led to a lack of Ebola research by pharmaceutical companies, as the disease primarily affects poor regions of Africa
This document provides an overview of the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa as of April 18, 2014. It summarizes the situation in Guinea and Liberia, where confirmed Ebola cases have been reported. In Guinea, there have been a total of 197 clinical cases and 122 deaths reported. In Liberia, there have been 27 clinical cases and 13 deaths reported. The response has included contact tracing, case isolation and management, training for health workers, and social mobilization efforts. Challenges include limited health resources, infection control issues, and the need to improve community awareness as the outbreak continues.
Ebola Outbreak in Liberia : August 2014Amit Bhagat
This report is about the Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) (also known as Ebola Hemmorhagic fever) in Liberia, which occurred mainly in most parts of the West Africa starting from Guinea and reaching to heart of Sierra Leone, Liberia, Nigeria and most other places. EVD is an epidemic disease and also highly infectious. This disease is very severe, rare and deadly, with a fatality rate of approx 90%. There is no such cure or vaccine is present, only some experimental drugs have been using (till date). Thus, many organizations viz WHO, CDC, Red Cross etc are working for prevention and relief of patients to fight against this epidemic disease.
The document summarizes an epidemiological study of the 2014-2015 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in the Western Area of Sierra Leone. It found that the Western Area, comprising only 2 of Sierra Leone's 14 districts, accounted for over half of the country's reported EVD cases and deaths. Key factors driving transmission included delayed detection and response, intense population movement, overcrowding, and unresponsive communities. Transmission was primarily through contact, with limited transmission through sex and breast milk. The unprecedented scale of the outbreak in the urban Western Area was attributed to these factors and highlighted the need for strengthened preparedness and swift response to limit morbidity and mortality in future similar outbreak outbreaks.
Nigeria was able to defeat the Ebola virus through a combination of proactive measures, including issuing early warnings, establishing emergency response centers, conducting extensive public education campaigns, and effectively tracking and quarantining individuals exposed to the virus. The first case was introduced by a traveler from Liberia, and Nigeria ultimately saw 19 total cases and 7 deaths before being declared Ebola-free within 3 months. Key factors in Nigeria's successful response included national unity in fighting the disease, stringent preventive measures adopted by the public, and the country's isolated treatment method for each Ebola symptom.
Similar to West Africa Ebola Outbreak1West Africa Eb.docx (20)
·NEWSStates Take Aim at Social Welfare Programs By Ti.docxphilipnelson29183
·
NEWS
States Take Aim at Social Welfare Programs
By
Tierney Sneed
April 9, 2015 | 5:00 a.m. EDT
Bans on steak and tattoos attract national attention, but other provisions raise concerns among advocates for the poor.
A New Jersey woman pays for food using a welfare card in January. Lawmakers in Kansas and Missouri are considering laws that would restrict what welfare recipients can buy using food stamps and other forms of public assistance.
·
·
·
·
State lawmakers attracted national attention this week for seeking to ban the use of welfare funds on lingerie, fortune tellers or even cookies, proposals that reflect a renewed focus on scrutinizing the social safety net as the country rebounds from the Great Recession.
A Missouri bill introduced by Republican state Rep. Rick Brattin would outlaw the use of welfare funds to purchase chips, energy drinks, soft drinks, seafood and steak. Kansas legislation, which has passed both chambers and is on its way to Gov. Sam Brownback’s desk, is a more comprehensive overhaul of how the state administers its benefits.
OPINION
Food Stamps Work A Lot Better Than You Think
Critics say such measures stigmatize the poor and that Republicans, who are often behind the efforts, are simply playing politics in limiting assistance programs – especially since the money is provided by the federal government rather than the state. Proponents point out that states still share the administrative costs and have an interest in pursuing programs that are effective in getting people back to work, regardless of how they’re funded.
According to those who study welfare, recipients usually prioritize the money for essentials. So provisions like those in the Kansas bill – which outlaws spending welfare money at cruise ships, tattoo parlors, casino and strip clubs – are symbolic at best.
“It’s this old idea that the poor and welfare recipients are somehow different than the rest of us, that we need to put in place controls and regulations,” says Mark Rank, a Washington University professor and author of “Living on the Edge: The Realities of Welfare in America.”
“It is also feeding into this stereotype that people have a good life on welfare and are living it up and having lobster and steak,” he says, adding, “most people are struggling to get by and the job of being poor is a very hard job."
The very poor have access to public welfare through a number of federally funded programs administered by the states. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) provides short-term funds for families struggling to make ends meet through an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card that works like a debit card. Through Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), households bringing in under a certain level of income can receive monthly allotments for food, also administered on an EBT card.
“The interest for state lawmakers has been that, even as as the economy has improved, they continue to see a lot of individuals being ad.
·Analyze HRM legal regulations and learn proper procedures for.docxphilipnelson29183
·
Analyze HRM legal regulations and learn proper procedures for reducing an organization’s liability to HRM legal problems
·
Explain the substance of the relationship between the employer, employee and independent contractor
·
Identify the duties and right of the parties in an employment contract as well as the liabilities of each in the event of non-compliance
·
Discuss issues in discrimination in hiring, Affirmative Action and Civil Rights
·
Explain government regulations of the workplace
·
Analyze and apply various HRM legal requirements
·
Use effective communication techniques.
·
Use team and problem-solving skills to collaborate on a project.
.
~GOODWRITER~You have now delivered the project to your customer..docxphilipnelson29183
~GOODWRITER~
You have now delivered the project to your customer. Now, it is time to reflect on what went well and what didn’t go so well. Based on feedback throughout the course, what would you have done differently in terms of scope, resources, and / or schedule, and why?
-ORIGINAL WORK - ONLY
-MUST Pass Originality Report
-MUST Pass SAFEASSIGN Plagiarism Check - 12% or LESS
-List ALL Referenced Material - NO Wikipedia Please
-B or Above Grade
.
__ captures a mother and child at the table in __ Paula Modersohn .docxphilipnelson29183
__ captures a mother and child at the table in __
Paula Modersohn Becker reflects on mothering in her __
Sonia Delaunary embraces cubism with her piece entitled _
Pregnant Maria is by _
_Created the earth Goddess
Essay Identify some of the post modern trends movement that womrn artist have participatewo
.
__ de Dolores son médicos.Dolores tiene un tío que es __.A la ab.docxphilipnelson29183
El resumen habla sobre la familia de Dolores. Menciona que algunos de sus tíos son médicos, que su tío es algo en particular, y que a su abuela le gusta algo. También dice que el padre de Dolores es algo.
[removed]
World’s Biggest Public Companies
Start with the Excel workbook (spreadsheet) World’s Biggest Public Companies
– start.xlsx.
This
data
shows
information
produced
by Forbes
in terms
of the
World’s
Largest
Public
Companies.
In column
B, the
company’s
name
is displayed;
in column
C, the
country;
in
column
D, the
company’s
2013
sales;
in column
E, the
company’s
2013
profits;
in column
F,
the
company’s
2013
assets;
in column
G, the
company’s
2013
market
value.
In the
range
I1:M5,
you
will
see
the
first
matrix
that
you
will
need
to summarize,
where
the
goal
is to determine
the
median
value
of sales,
profits,
assets
and
market
value
respective
to the
corresponding
country.
However,
to date,
Excel
does
not
feature
a MEDIANIFS
function.
Thus,
you
will
have
to use
an array
formula
similar
to our
learning
activity.
Executing
this
statement
correctly
will
produce
a median
of the
desired
values
in the
dataset
for
the
given
country
of interest.
In the
range
I7:M11,
you
will
see
the
second
matrix
that
you
will
need
to sum
marize,
where
the
goal
is to determine
the
min
value
of sales,
profits,
assets
and
market
value
respective
to the
corresponding
country.
However,
to date,
Excel
does
not
feature
a MINIFS
function.
Thus,
you
will
have
to use
an array
formula
similar
to our
learning
activity.
Executing
this
statement
correctly
will
produce
a min
of the
desired
values
in the
dataset
for
the
given
country
of interest.
In the
range
I13:M17,
you
will
see
the
third
matrix
that
you
will
need
to summarize,
where
the
goal
is to deter
mine
the
max
value
of sales,
profits,
assets
and
market
value
respective
to the
corresponding
country.
However,
to date,
Excel
does
not
feature
a MAXIFS
function.
Thus,
you
will
have
to use
an array
formula
similar
to our
learning
activity.
Executing
this
statement
correctly
will
produce
a max
of the
desired
values
in the
dataset
for
the
given
country
of interest.
In the
range
I19:M
23,
you
will
see
the
third
matrix
that
you
will
need
to summarize,
where
the
goal
is to determine
the
standard
deviation
value
of sales,
profits,
assets
and
market
value
respective
to the
corresponding
country.
However,
to date,
Excel
does
not
feature
a
STDEV.S.IFS
function.
Thus,
you
will
have
to use
an array
formula
similar
to our
learning
activity.
Executing
this
statement
correctly
will
produce
a max
of the
desired
values
in the
dataset
for
the
given
country
of interest.
Please
note
that
the
“dot
S” portion
of the
STDEV
function
indicates
that
we
are
taking
the
standard
deviation
of a sample.
This
is a sample
since
we
do not
have
information
from
all
companies
(i.e.
population).
Finally,
ensure
that
all
values
in your
summary
tables
are
formatted
with
an Accounting
style
with
two
decimals
showing
(i.e.
$52.21)
HINT:
Be
very
careful
about
what
cell
references
are
absolute
and
which
are
mixed
(the
row
or column
absolute
and
the
other
relative).
Also, remember that you must use a
Ctrl+Shift+Enter keystroke in order to implement an array form.
[removed]
1
Governmental and Not-for-Profit Accounting
Fall 2016
Project (100 points)
Obtain a copy of Comprehensive A
nnual Financial Report (CAFR) o
nline, either from Blackboard or
on the website of any municipality of your selection. Review t
he CAFR you select and answer the
following questions. Your answers
should be concise but to the
point.
This is an individual project
. You can collaborate with others
but you should submit project answers
individually. If you collaborat
e with your classmate(s), you s
hould indicate the name of persons you
collaborate with in the project.
A word about answering the questio
ns below: Don’t just answer “
yes” or “no”; try to elaborate by
combining the knowledge you learnt
from the class. This certai
nly will help you e
arn better grade
from this project.
You are required to type the ans
wers. Present your answers in
a nice and neat format; just think about
how you would make it easier to
read. A portion of your grade
will be based on the p
resentation of
project.
Part I Overview of report
1.
What are three main sections of the report?
2.
Review the introductory secti
on of the CAFR. What are key issu
es addressed in the letter of
transmittal?
3.
Review the financial section.
a.
Does the report provide a r
econciliation betw
een total governme
ntal net position per the
government-wide statement of net position and total governmenta
l fund balances per the
governmental funds balance sheet? If so, what are the main rec
onciling items?
b.
What are the major governmental
funds maintained by the entity?
c.
Does the report include “require
d supplementary information?”
If so, what are the main
areas addressed?
d.
Does the report include “combin
ing statements?” If so, what is
the nature of these
statements?
4.
Review the statistical section.
a.
What is the population of th
e entity being reported on?
b.
Who is the entity’s major employer?
c.
What is the amount of net debt per
capita? The city’s legal de
bt margin? The amount of
direct and overlapping debt?
5.
Component units
a.
Does the notes to the financial s
tatements indicate the compone
nt units that are included
within the reporting entity? D
o they indicate any units that a
re not included? Do they
explain why these units are
included or excluded?
b.
How are the component units presented in the government-wide fi
nancial statements? In
the fund statements?
2
Part II Budget
1.
In which section of the CAFR are
the budget-to-actual compariso
ns of the major funds?
a.
Which accounting basis did the City follow to prepare its annua
l operating budget?
b.
Are the actual amounts on a GAAP or a budgetary basis? Do the
statements include a
reconciliation of any difference
s between GAAP and budgetary am
ounts? If so, what are
the largest reconciled items?
c.
Are the reported variances base
d on the original budget or the
year-end amended budget?
2.
Does the CAFR include budget-to-
actual comparisons of nonmajor
funds? If so, in what sections?
3.
Do.
Zhibei Wang04172020Page 5Authoritarian or Authoritati.docxphilipnelson29183
Zhibei Wang
04/17/2020
Page: 5
Authoritarian or Authoritative Parenting Style: Which Is in Best Interest for Children
Tough Love has gone viral on internet. It is a fanfic musical production about the stepmothers of Disney princesses. It is quite a mockery for the self-pitying but in fact cruel upbringing of the young girls. It is fictional and the stepmothers don’t love their stepdaughters necessarily, but we have to reflect on it: when we are parents, what are the best method to be taken so that our children can be responsible and positive grownups. Authoritarian or authoritative? It is a hot topic that never grows old; every parent has their reason to act upon. Experiencing quite a mix of harsh and lenient ways in my childhood, I find authoritative one more favorable. In the following paragraphs, I will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of both parenting styles.
Positive authoritative are defined as parents to be instructive and highly responsive to the development of child growth (Baumrind, 1966); On the contrary, authoritarian is control over most aspects of children’s lives, to make sure they stay on track (Kuppens & Ceulemans, 2019). There are pros and cons to both sides.
As of authoritarian, the most important outcome is the high academic performances. Authoritarian parents put a lot of effort into student’s schoolwork and extracurricular activities, such as playing piano or violin. They closely follow children’s daily routine, make sure every minute will not go wasted. They want every investment to give harvests. They take their children to all kinds of competitions, and win loads of certificates to quantify how successful and extraordinary the child is. They see children as another form of themselves, impose their dreams on children. Indeed, children who have worked all day, with all kinds of championships and scholarships could end up in ivy league and possibly win a prestigious job when graduated. It seems they have lived a life everyone desires and so it satisfies the parents.
However, it is not the most favorable approach in academia, and there are a lot of downsides to it. First, it restrains the possibility of cultivating comprehensive personalities. Children become obedient to their parents, they cannot communicate well with their peers, their only profound relationship are with their parents throughout their lives, and it is no sign of a fully grown man. I personally have seen too much of a case. People who grow up under the shadow of their parents tend to be indecisive and too dependent on their parents. It is the consequence of psychological control of the authoritarian parenting. Whenever they speak of their mind, they got turned down or shouted back. Then they don’t speak much about themselves with self-centered parents, who think they are doing the best for kids. Under high pressures from parents and with no one can turn to, children are also bearing overwhelming stress and defeated feelings, which c.
Zinn Ch 14 - http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/zinnwarhea14.html
In what ways did the United States government sway public opinion to support the war effort? From your own perspective, was it appropriate for the government to employ such methods to build a consensus?
Upon passage of the Espionage and Sedition Acts, many people felt that their civil liberties were under attack as the government sought to stifle dissent. Do you think these measures were an appropriate domestic policy during a time of war? Explain. Do you think they were constitutional? Why or why not?
When Eugene Debs was in prison serving his term for violating the Espionage Act of 1917, he ran for president during the 1918 presidential election. While he was in prison, he won almost one million votes. Ho was that possible? What does this tell you about American society in 1918?
Explain how Americans used the language of freedom when discussing foreign policy. Look specifically at the foreign policies of Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson in your answer. Did the meaning of freedom change with each administration or stay constant?
Compare Roosevelt’s and Wilson’s attitudes toward blacks. How significant were the actions of the federal government in advancing freedoms for blacks during the early twentieth century?
Explain and analyze W. E. B. Du Bois’s political ideas. How did he attempt to expand civil rights for African-Americans?
Progressives continued to make strides during the war. Discuss the various Progressive accomplishments between 1916 and 1920. Comment on why the movement declined by 1920.
.
Zeno of Elea.Heres the assignment Write a double-spaced paper .docxphilipnelson29183
Zeno of Elea.
Here's the assignment: Write a double-spaced paper and submit it online.
In your paper, give a short biography of the philosopher and include his views on at least two of these subjects: REALITY, DIVINITY, HUMANITY, KNOWLEDGE or SOCIETY.
Please make this paper approximately 500 words long.
Make sure you spell and grammar check your papers.
And try using the Hemingwayapp!
I assume you will be doing some research, so cite your sources!
I do not care about the format of your citations.
Use whatever way is comfortable for you.
.
Yo los libros en la mochila.Ana y Salvador la ta.docxphilipnelson29183
Yo los libros en la mochila.
Ana y Salvador la tarea.
La profesora Álvarez matemáticas.
Celinda y yo a la cafetería.
Tú a la residencia estudiantil.
Usted el autobús.
Lisa y Ángel inglés en la biblioteca.
Esperanza un libro.
Yo un diccionario en la librería.
Nosotros salsa muy bien.
.
Youve now read Johnathan Swifts brilliant (it is, trust me) satiri.docxphilipnelson29183
You've now read Johnathan Swift's brilliant (it is, trust me) satirical essay, 'A Modest Proposal.' He was sort of the John Stewart or John Oliver of his day, so...
Write a 2-3 page dialogue between Swift and a comedian of your choice. You can certainly use John Stewart, Trevor Noah. or pick one you like - even the late great Richard Prior. You're going to discuss how comedy and society intersect, how they reflect and impact one other. So have at it and have fun.
.
Youre gonna respond to Are too many people going to college by Ch.docxphilipnelson29183
You're gonna respond to "Are too many people going to college" by Charles Murray?
Please disagree with the author with his 4 points:
1. Students don't have the ability to finish tough materials of college.
2. The opportunity cost of going to colleges is too high. People can use the same time to lean things that are helpful for living.
3. College doesn't guarantee good jobs.
4. Finishing colleges doesn't really give people self-satisfication.
Those are points I summarize from Murray's article. If you think they are not good, you can read the article and change them. Then provide evidences to oppose them.
There are 5 pages of the MLA essay. You need to bring all evidences from my posted 4 articles. The prompt and requirement are within the uploaded files. Please read it carefully.
The payment can be negotiated. Please do it nice and neatly. Thank you.
.
Your team was invited to present to a high school IT class to explai.docxphilipnelson29183
Your team was invited to present to a high school IT class to explain how cryptography works. In order to explain the basics, you decide to show the class a tool called, CrypTool. This web-based tool allows people to visualize encryption and decryption using common cryptography techniques. In order for the students to follow along with your demonstration, you need to create a tutorial for them.
Together as a team,
access
CrypTool (
http://www.cryptool-online.org/
).
Click
on the CrypTool link, then click
Ciphers
.
Click
and
choose
a type of cipher you would like to use under
Classical Ciphers
.
Use
CrypTool to do the following:
Determine at least five pieces of data to encrypt and decrypt
Determine a key (or a set of keys) that is different from the samples provided in CrypTool.
Attempt to break the encrypted ciphertext data using the cryptanalysis tools provided by CrypTool.
Note:
It may not always be possible to break the ciphertext. Regardless of the attempt's outcome. Document the steps taken and relevant observation notes.
Create
a tutorial with text and images (screenshots) on how to use CrypTool.
Include
the following:
Steps needed to encypt data
Steps needed to decrypt data
Steps taken to attempt to break the encrypted data using the cryptanalysis tools provided by CryptTool
Submit
the tutorial to the Assignment Files tab above.
.
Your Paper (8 pages) should include the following areas1. Cover P.docxphilipnelson29183
This document outlines the required sections for an 8-page paper, including a cover page, introduction, reasons for selecting the topic, stance, supporting/opposing groups, importance, and conclusion. It notes that the writer has the paper completed except for the cover page and reference page, so those sections need to be added to fulfill the assignment requirements.
Your organization is expanding globally and you will no longer have .docxphilipnelson29183
Your organization is expanding globally and you will no longer have direct contact with members of your team. It is important to be able to communicate effectively so that the project can be executed effectively. The team is tasked with presenting their ideas for working effectively with global and virtual teams.
Create
an 2 - slide presentation regarding global and virtual teams. In the presentation include the following:
Analyze the effects of globalization of project teams on project execution.
.
Your outline should be a detailed overview of the Service Learning .docxphilipnelson29183
Your outline should be a detailed overview of the "Service Learning Research and Reflection Essay." Use complete sentences. The outline should be approx. 2 pages in length, not including the reference page.
Also, upload your properly formatted (ASA or APA) reference page.
I have attached
Service Learning Reflection and Research Paper Guidelines
.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
West Africa Ebola Outbreak1West Africa Eb.docx
1. West Africa Ebola Outbreak
1
West Africa Ebola Outbreak
Joseph Toole
Principles of Epidemiology PHE 5015 S01
12 Jun 2016
Introduction
Around two years ago, there was worldwide uproar concerning
Ebola. The outbreak had occurred in West Africa with
individuals nations’ health departments stretched to the limit
while trying to cope with the situation. Well wishing nations
had to volunteer in terms of health practitioners and funds
among other ways in order to assist the nations. Ebola is an
infectious disease that is deadly discovered in Zaire in 1976. It
is caused by Ebola virus which can be spread via contact with
an infected person. Its spread it’s fast since contact with an
infected person’s blood or body fluids. This paper will cover an
overview of outbreak in 2014 in West Africa, observations,
2. recommendations and conclusion.
Overview, Investigative methodology and rationale for the topic
The first outbreak of the epidemic was discovered in early 2014.
It was reported in countries of West Africa namely: Sierra Lone,
Guinea and Liberia. The three countries were the huge victims
of the epidemic. Most of the victims of the outbreak died with a
few survivors (CDC, 2016 n.d. - a). The reported symptoms
among the victims were fatigue, fever, severe headaches,
diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and unexplained bleeding
(CDC, 2016 n.d.-b). The symptoms are discovered roughly
between 2 -21 days after infection. The methodology employed
in order to determine the magnitude the outbreak encompassed
different aspects. There was laboratory tests, study design and
patients, data analysis and ethical considerations played a vital
role. Study was carried out around the suspected victims. Lab
tests were done via use of victim’s blood or oral swap. Ethical
considerations were employed to determine the response of
public health to the outbreak and contain it. Data analysis was
vital in order to relate each case to a certain geographical
location. Data from center for disease, World health
Organization, European center for Disease prevention and
control, National Institute of health will play a critical role in
this paper since it will back up the facts presented. The
rationale behind choosing the topic is to assist in
comprehending the methods employed by epidemiologists in
order to understand diseases in populations determine what
disease is affecting the population and finally employ measures
to treat as well as prevent its future occurrence.
Ebola in West Africa
Outbreaks in Africa have been reported as early as 2007. The
ailment was previously known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever
which is capable of affecting both humans and primates. It has a
couple of species which include the Sudan virus, Reston virus,
Bundibugyo virus, Tae Forest virus and Ebola virus. Reston is
common in the monkey species. Few cases have been reported
regarding the outbreak since it was discovered ranging from
3. around 1-400 annually. For instance, in Gulu village in Uganda,
there were 425 deaths following a small outbreak. In 2014
however, the course changed with 28,652 cases being reported
by March 2014. As many people as 11, 325 succumbed to death
according to reports in April 2016. There is no standard vaccine
that can be used to combat the virus hence treating the virus
depending on symptoms displayed in each case. Some treatment
methods such as treating symptoms, intravenous fluids,
maintenance of blood pressure and oxygen status are the
common (CDC, 2016 n.d.-a).
Epidemiological methods used were an Ebola Response team
which encompassed Incident Management System to control
outbreak as well as coordinate with other committees in the
outbreak control. The team included management teams, social
mobilization teams, contact tracing teams, security,
communication teams, case investigators and surveillance
teams. The Ebola Response team was thus a taskforce which
aimed at early identification of infection and control (PLOS,
2015). The World Health Organization had carried out a
research in order to make certain that the outbreak and does not
reach the rest of the world according to United States House of
Representatives (2015). The concept of rapid spread from
contact was what led to the research in order to come up with
measures to control the spread. Mathematical methodology was
employed to control the spread. Calculations were done of the
areas in high risk of infection in order to employ early
preventive measures. There were other methods used in order to
understand Ebola, cure and control its spread. Studies done
classified the virus in genus Ebola Virus and Filovirida and its
control was termed as hard as only a short duration is required
for the infection to react. An infected person can spread the
virus to a population living around within 24 hours such as in a
public gathering. Movement of infected population thus a good
measure in order to curb the spread
In West Africa, the incubation period observed was between 9-
12 days. In the past EVD as noted in the earlier part of the
4. paper was around three weeks after coming into contact with the
virus. An episode of the disease is reported after no new cases
are recognized within 42 days after the last EVD case. By
looking at each type of virus, the Ebola Zaire infection resulted
to 69 to 88% infection rate. The Ebola Sudan, CFR of outbreaks
extended from 53% to 69%. The Ebola Bundibugyo, the CFR
episodes scaled from 34% to 42%. Roughly 70% of the affirmed
cases wren due to Ebola Zaire with variations observed amongst
the three most infected nations that is, Guinea, Sierra Leone and
Liberia. In the Equatorial regions of West Africa, 69 affirmed
cases were reported between the months July to October 2014 in
Democratic Republic of Congo with CFR of 74% (WHO, 2016).
Pre-Ebola Performance
Prior to Ebola, the nations that were to later become victims
were making progress in terms of economy. The countries
exhibited rapid economic development as the countries were
recuperating from the civil wars that were rampant in the
countries. Liberia and Sierra Leone were some of the countries
faced with the worst form of civil wars which caused the
nation’s economy. Most of the citizens back then were living in
poverty due to wars that destroy property and hindered
recovery. The countries were thus faced with issues hence it
was a time when they were recovering and building their
economy while trying to catch up the lost time during the civil
war. Liberia and Sierra Leone had previously been among the
top ten in terms of GDP growth in the world. Such a move
shows that the country was already putting effort towards the
economy growth agenda. Guinea was not growing at the same
rate but it was promising owing to the projects that it had
undertaken. For example, the Simandou iron ore project was set
to benefit the country where it would draw investors in iron
mining to the country. Ebola outbreak thus created distraction
from the development as resources were redirected towards
containing the outbreak. According to IMF, the prospected GDP
growth from Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea was 11.3%,
5.9%, 4.5% respectively which was fairly good for the economy
5. of the countries. The outbreak led to revision in the rates where
the percentages given was 8.0%, 2.5% and 2.4% respectively
which is quite low from the previous projections (WHO, 2016).
The projections depicted a slow down in the economy due to the
outbreak.
Apart from the wide suffering and deaths of victims, the
economy of the nations was greatly affected. The outbreak came
during the planting season in countries which have agricultural
output as the backbone of the economy. That means planting
never happened as it should have or none happened at all. The
yields from the agricultural fields were low such as yields in
crops such as rice and maize. The economy was thus incurring a
lot handling recurrent expenditure without any income from the
expected areas. In response, the agricultural products rose in
price to around 150% in line with the law of demand depicting a
potential economic disaster. Less mining activities were carried
given that mining played a critical role in the economy. Aspects
such as travel restrictions slowed down the economic activities.
There was massive decline revenues both in households and
nationwide. Individuals could hardly engage in income
generating activities as usual due hindrances brought about by
the outbreak. For instance, less labor supplies, movement
restrictions among others. At the national level, taxes, duties as
well as tariffs reduced thus the government hardly had the
income as it relied to such sources of revenue (Sy, 2014). Fiscal
imbalances were evident due to need to fund health initiatives.
At the international level, countries had already started banning
travel to and from the areas. That means among others that
tourism was greatly affected given the countries rely on tourism
as a source of income.
Recommendations
To reduce the spread, it’s vital to have a few considerations.
It’s vital to have knowledge of the symptoms and easy it is to
control. The health practitioners involved should thus be well
informed on the above information. Signs and symptoms such as
vomiting, fatigue, and muscle pain, headaches, and fever are
6. what the practitioners should be cautious about. Monitoring the
virus is vital to take intone consideration. Individual immune
system is a determiner given that persons with strong system
may sustain the virus for a while before displaying the
symptoms. It is thus vital to take ach case study differently. It is
preferable for infected persons to stay away from the rest in
order to eliminate the chances of spreading the virus. In
addition to that, research should be done in order to define the
pattern of the infected persons. Pattern such as location where
such a person interacted with others is vital as it’s a possible
point of infection. It is thus possible to know the areas to be
potentially infected and take measures to control (Bah Marc, et
al 2015).
Ebola is infectious especially after one comes into contact with
the virus especially from interaction with an infected person.
For instance, a family member can get it as a result of taking
care of a sick person. Similarly, a doctor can get infected if the
doctor fails to take the measures that are required in handling
the patients. It is thus advisable for health care personnel to
take measures before getting into contact. In terms of patient
placement in a hospital facility, its advisable to have each
patient housed in private room which has the entire patient
requires such as bathrooms and such a room properly closed. A
log should be maintained of all persons that are going into the
room in order to make it easier to detect the infection at the
early stages. In terms of equipment, Proper medical equipment
should be employed in the health care provision. The most
preferred equipment is the disposable ones since they reduce the
risk of infection. In a situation where non-disposable equipment
are used, it’s vital to properly disinfect and clean according to
health facility policy or the description outlined by the
manufacturer. The move will prevent infection from contact via
equipment. When it comes to patient care considerations, use of
sharp objects should be limited such as needles in order to avoid
the contact with blood. In case the objects are supposed to be
produced, the objects should be handled with care and disposed
7. in a sealed container which can’t leak. In an EVD case, Aerosol
Generating Procedures are highly not recommended and if used,
measures to reduce exposure are advisable in order to curb the
spread. Environmental surface cleaning is also required for
proper infection control. Hand hygiene is required and should
be frequent before and after contact with patient and infected
material (Dramowski, 2015). A health care facility should
ensure supplies to ensure hand hygiene are readily available.
Each case of infection should be handled differently. Potentially
infected personnel should be monitored. Persons who have come
into contact with infected body fluid or blood should wash the
exposed areas with water and contact health care personnel
immediately. The move will assist in employing post-exposure
measure such as testing and evaluation. Such a person should
comply with required measures until declared free of infection.
Follow up of the 21 days in required in order monitoring the
health of the person. Visits to infected person should be avoided
unless with permission from health care personnel which differ
on case to case basis.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Ebola is one of the most deadly outbreaks that
have led to widespread suffering in Africa and particularly West
Africa. Countries such as Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea
among others have counted huge negative impacts. The three
were the most affected nations. There are various species of
Ebola namely: Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Bundibugyo and
Tae Forest Ebola and Reston Ebola. In West Africa, the most
notable species was Ebola Zaire which accounted for around
70%. Fatalities cases were around 11,000 with infection cases
of around 28,000 persons reported (WHO, 2016). The effect of
the virus was also felt in other areas such as economy with
economic slow down in the affected areas due to hindrances of
the outbreak. The outbreak led to creation of Ebola Response
team which had the mandate to identify, treat, control and
prevent possible infection. Some of the recommendations are
advisable both at health care facility level and individual level.
8. Health care personnel should be well versed with its symptoms
and control prevention strategies. Hygiene is key with proper
cleaning of contact surfaces and disinfection advised. Disposal
of infected material should be following the policies and
minimal contact with infected persons should be followed. With
such measures followed, it’s possible to control the spread of
the virus and eliminate it completely.
References
Bah Marc, A., Verjee, N., Mogaka, S., & World Bank. (2015).
the Challenge of Stability and Security in West Africa.
Retrieved from
http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/fragilityconflictviolence/pub
lication/the-challenge-of-stability-and-security-in-west-africa
CDC (2016 n.d a). 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa.
Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-
west-africa/index.html
CDC (2016 n.d b). Signs and Symptoms. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/symptoms/index.html
CDC (2016). 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Retrieved
from http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-
africa/index.html
Dramowski, A. (2015). Ebola Prevention and Control.
Stellenbosch: Bettercare.
PLOS (2015). Epidemiological and Surveillance Response to
Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in Lofa County, Liberia.
Retrieved from
http://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/article/epidemiological-and-
surveillance-response-to-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-in-lofa-
count-liberia-march-september-2014/
Sy, A. (2014). Understanding the Economic Effects of the 2014
Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Retrieved from
http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/africa-in-
focus/posts/2014/10/01-ebola-outbreak-west-africa-sy-copley
United States House of Representatives. (2015). Combating
9. Ebola in West Africa: The International Response: Hearing
before the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Retrieved from
http://docs.house.gov/meetings/FA/FA00/20141113/102732/HH
RG-113-FA00-Transcript-20141113.pdf
WHO | Origins of the 2014 Ebola epidemic. (2016). Who.int.
Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/one-year-
report/virus-origin/en/