The mandibular nerve originates as a branch of the trigeminal nerve. It exits the skull through the foramen ovale and divides into anterior and posterior divisions in the infratemporal fossa. The anterior and posterior divisions each give off branches that include the auriculotemporal nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, and lingual nerve. The inferior alveolar nerve travels through the mandibular canal to innervate teeth and chin. The lingual nerve joins with the chorda tympani and supplies sensation to the tongue. The otic ganglion receives parasympathetic input that helps regulate salivation.

1. Head and Neck
Temporal and Infratemporal regions
part II
(Mandibular Nerve and Otic Ganglion)
Dr. Mohamed El fiky
Professor of anatomy and embryology

2. Trigeminal Nerve
Mandibular Division
The Mandibular Nerve
Origin :It is a branch of trigeminal nerve
Exit from the Skull: It comes out from the skull through foramen ovale

3. Tensor Palati
Large Sensory RootSmall Motor Root
Lateral Pterygoid
Middle Meningeal A
Anterior Division
Posterior Division
Roots: The mandibular nerve has 2 roots motor root and sensory root
Course and Relations :
• The mandibular nerve run for a short course in the cranial cavity then it comes out
from the the skull through foramen ovale .
• In the infratemporal fossa the nerve trunk is deep to the lateral ptregoid muscle and it
divided into 2 division , anterior division and posterior division
The Mandibular Nerve

4. Anterior DivisionPosterior Division

5. V1
V2
1- Nerve to
Medial pterygoid
Nerve to
Tensor palati
Motor root Mandibular nerve (V3 (Medial Veiw)
Nerve to
Tensor tympani
2- Nervous spinosus
Medial Pterygoid Muscle
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Otic
Ganglion
Branches of The Mandibular Nerve
A- Branches from the Trunk

6. 1-Nerve to Lateral Pterygoid
2- Deep temporal nerves
3- Masseteric nerve
4- Buccal nerve
B- Branches from the Anterior Division

7. 1- Auriculotemporal nerve
2- Inferior Alveolar nerve
3- Lingual nerve
C- Branches from the Posterior Division
1- Auriclotemporal
2- inferior alveolar
3- Lingual nerve .

8. Auriculotemporal Nerve
Middle meningeal Artery
Sphenomandibular Ligament
Capsule of TMJ
1- Auriculotemporal NerveOrigin, Course and
Relations

9. Auriculotemporal nerve
Parotid
Gland
1- Auriculotemporal NerveOrigin, Course and
Relations

10. Upper 2/3rd of
Outer Surface of
External Ear
External auditory meatus
Outer layer of
Tympanic membrane
Fibers inside Auriculotemporal Nerve
1- Sensory Fibers

11. Auriculotemporal nerve

12. Inferior Salivatory Nucleus
Inferior Ganglion
of
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Glossopharyngeal
Nerve
Nerve
of
Jacopson
Tympanic PlexusLesser Superficial Petrosal
Otic Ganglion
Fibers inside Auriculotemporal Nerve
2- Autonomic Fibers

13. Inferior alveolar nerve
Sphenomandibular
ligament
Lingual nerve
Medial Pterygoid
Muscle
Lateral Pterygoid
Muscle
Nerve to Myelohyoid
Inferior alveolar Vessels
2- Inferior Alveolar Nerve :Origin, Course and
Relations

14. Inferior alveolar nerve
Nerve to Myelohyoid
Incisive branch
Mental nerve
Branch to molar and
Premolar teeth
Inferior alveolar nerve
Inside the mandibular canal
Distribution of Inferior Alveolar Nerve

15. Mylohyoid nerve
The Mylohyoid Nerve

16. Nerve to Mylohyoid
Nerve to anterior belly of digastric muscled
The Mylohyoid Nerve

17. Chorda Tympani
Inferior Alveolar nerve
Lingual nerve
3- Lingual Nerve
Course : The lingual nerve arise from the posterior division it is deep to
lateral pterygoid and it joined with the chorda tympani nerve . The lingual nerve
pass between the styloglosus muscle and root of the last molar . The lingual
nerve pass on the hyoglosus muscle . The lingual nerve hook around the
submandibular salivary duct then it inter the tongue to supply the anterior 2/3 of
the tongue

18. Medial Pterygoid
Muscle
Lingual nerve
Lateral Pterygoid
Muscle
Styloglossus
Muscle
Last molar tooth
Superior Constrictor of Pharynx

19. Anterior 2/3rd of tongue
Floor of mouth
Inside of gums
Parynchma of
Sublingual and
Submandibular glands
Distribution of Lingual Nerve
1- Sensory Fibers of Lingual Nerve

20. Autonomic fibers to
Sublingual and
Submandibular glands
2- Autonomic fibers
Distribution of Lingual Nerve

21. Tensor
Veli
Palati
1- Sensory Root
from
Auriculo-temporal Ner
2- Sympathetic Ro
from
Sympathetic Plexu
around
Middle Meningeal
3- Parasympathetic Root
from
Lesser Petrosal Nerve
Otic Ganglion
Site :Infra temporal fossa deep to lateral ptregoid muscle below foramen ovale
Roots :
1- sympathetic root : sympathetic plexus around middle meningeal artery
2- sensory root : from aurcilo-temporal nerve .
3- parasympathetic root : lesser petrosal nerve .

22. Inferior Salivatory Nucle
Inferior Ganglion
of
Glossopharyngeal Nerv
Glossopharyngea
Nerve
Nerve
of
Jacopson
Tympanic PlexusLesser Superficial Petrosal
Otic Ganglion