The document discusses the role of technology in education and different types of instructional materials. It provides advantages and limitations of various materials including printed materials, visuals, chalkboards, audio materials, slides/projectors, and the internet. It also discusses developing an educational philosophy and different philosophies of education such as perennialism, essentialism, behaviorism, progressivism, existentialism, and postmodernism.

1. The Role of Education
Technology in
Education
THE TEACHING PROFESSION

2. One important definition of educational technology focuses
on “the technological tools and media that assist in the
communication of knowledge, and its development and
exchange.”
What is Education Technology?

3. Living in the age of technology means that IT plays
an important role in present-day education.
Making these available and using them help
facilitate and enhance learning.

4. • It must be simple.
• Use AVPs as aids.
• It must be practical.
• It must be educational.
• It must be interesting.
• It must fit the school’s operation.
• It must have maximum support.
• It must be effective.
• It must be personalized.
• It must have a definite scope.
Principles for the
preparation of AV Plans:

5. Types of Instructional
Materials

6. PRINTEND MATERIAL
– consists of all written material,
excluding non-print resources, which
convey planned course information.
Examples of printed resources include,
but are not limited to: textbooks,
workbooks, reference books, magazines,
newspaper, journals.

7. ADVANTAGES
• They are relatively cheap.
• They provide an outline that the teacher
can use in planning courses, units and
lessons.
• They are convenient to use and require
very little maintenance.
• They are self-paced.
• They enable the students to take home in
convenient form most of the materials they
need to learn for the course.
• Provides a common resource for all
students to follow.
• Includes pictures, graphs, maps and other
illustrative materials which facilitate
understanding.
LIMITATIONS
• In many classes, they become the
only point of view in the course.
• They are usually written for a
national audience, so they do not
consider local issues and
community problems.
• They may not be as effective in the
case of special students who need
“assistive technology.

8. VISUALS
Visual materials cover the whole range of non-
text and non-audio materials, everything from
original art, prints, photographs and films. The
term visual materials encompasses a wide range
of forms, including photographs, cinema and
video films, videotapes, paintings, drawings,
cartoons, prints, designs, and three-dimensional
art such as sculpture and architecture.

9. ADVANTAGES
• Permit close up detailed
study at individual’s own
pacing.
• Attract students’ attention
and aid concentration.
• Add variety and interest to a
lesson.
• Cut down unnecessary
teacher talking time.
LIMITATIONS
• Sometimes overused
• Many teachers rely too
heavily on them to the
exclusion of other visual
aids.

10. CHALKBOARD
A blackboard (also known as a
chalkboard) is a reusable writing surface
on which text or drawings are made with
sticks of calcium sulphate or calcium
carbonate, known, when used for this
purpose, as chalk.

11. ADVANTAGES
• It allows spontaneity, speed
and change.
• It can fit the tempo of any
lesson in any subject.
• If is particularly valuable for
emphasizing the major
points of a lesson.
LIMITATIONS
• May induce boredom.
• May result to a
monotonous discussion.

12. AUDIO MATERIALS (TAPES
AND RECORDERS)
Audio materials are learning materials
that appeal to the auditory senses. Audio
media can make several unique
contributions to the teaching-learning
process : self study for non readers,
realistic foreign language practice, stories
to stimulate the imagination, and music
for physical activity, to name a few.

13. ADVANTAGES
• They are easy to prepare.
• Portable and easy to
operate.
• They enhance the learning of
verbal information.
• It enables one to repeat
listening as frequently as
desired.
LIMITATIONS
• They involve the auditory
organ only.
• Have a tendency to be
overused.
• Children are sometimes
sensitive to noise and
other unnecessary
sounds.

14. SLIDES/PROJECTORS
Projected materials enable educators to
convey information to large numbers of
people at the same time. However, such
materials have to be prepared carefully
and may need to be prepared
professionally.

15. ADVANTAGES
• Result in colorful, realistic
reproductions of original
subject.
• Can be combined with taped
narration for greater
effectiveness.
• May be adapted to group or
individual use.
LIMITATIONS
• Can get out of sequence
and be projected
incorrectly.

16. INTERNET
The Internet, sometimes called simply
"the Net," is a worldwide system of
computer networks -- a network of
networks in which users at any one
computer can, if they have permission,
get information from any other computer
(and sometimes talk directly to users at
other computers).

17. ADVANTAGES
• Allows students to converse
with other students at
location beyond the local
community.
• Acquire a wide range of
online information.
• Can get articles, reports,
papers and journals, as we as
hundreds of online
publications.
LIMITATIONS
• Difficulty in acquiring
internet connections.
• Can be costly.
• Student are prone to
distractions.

18. DEVELOPING AN EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
Education
emphasizes the
addressing of social
questions
and a quest to create
a better society and
worldwide
democracy.
Learners should be
taught with common
knowledge such as
reading, writing and
arithmetic.
Education should
focus on the whole
child, rather than on
the content or the
teacher.

19. THE INTELLECTUAL
FOUNDATIONS OF
EDUCATION

20. WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
• The investigation of causes and laws underlying
reality
• Inquiry into the nature of things based on logical
reasoning rather than empirical methods
• A system of values by which one lives

21. EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
• A philosophy about education requires systematic,
critical thinking about educational practice.
• A teacher’s educational philosophy helps the
educator interpret, find meaning, and direct the
daily work of the classroom

22. Philosophy and Teacher Professionalism
• All professions have philosophical underpinnings.
• Educational philosophy is one important aspect of
teacher’s professional knowledge.

23. Idealism
• Asserts that because the physical world is always
changing, ideas are the only reliable form of reality
Realism
• The features of the universe exist whether or not a
human being is there to perceive them.
Pragmatism
• Rejects the idea of absolute, unchanging truth, instead
asserting that truth is “what works”
Existentialism
• humanity isn’t part of an orderly universe; rather
individuals create their own realities.
Traditional Schools of Philosophy
Educational Philosophies have roots in these schools

24. Philosophy and Cultural Minorities
• The philosophies that we embrace are influenced by
the cultures we live in.
• Western philosophy heavily emphasizes individualism
and rational thought.
• Other world cultures place greater relative emphasis
on the wisdom of elders, feelings and personal
relationships, and harmony.

25. Perennialism
Essentialism
Behaviorism
Progressivism
Existentialism
Postmodernism (Critical Theory)
BASIC PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION