1. The document discusses different learning structures and teaching tactics according to Robert Gagne and I.K. Davies. It outlines 5 basic learning structures: signal, chain, multiple discrimination, concept, and principles.
2. For each learning structure, it provides examples and recommends teaching tactics. For signal learning, the tactics are establishing contiguity, constant practice, and reinforcement. For chain learning, the tactics include progressive, retrogressive, and rote chaining.
3. It also discusses multi discrimination learning structure and the tactics of using distinctive conditions and simultaneous presentation. For concept and principle learning, the tactics involve recalling concepts, chaining concepts, and providing examples and practice opportunities.
Introduction
Objectives
Need of Lesson Planning
Approaches to Lesson Planning
Course and Unit Planning
Daily and Weekly Planning
Steps in Lesson Planning
The Lesson Plan Format
Self-Assessment Questions
References
Introduction
Objectives
Need of Lesson Planning
Approaches to Lesson Planning
Course and Unit Planning
Daily and Weekly Planning
Steps in Lesson Planning
The Lesson Plan Format
Self-Assessment Questions
References
It includes definition, functions, nature and characteristics of teacher and teaching.
It also describe Domains of learning to understand the behaviour modification of the learner.
TNTEU - B.Ed New Syllabus - Pedagogy of Mathematics - Semester 1 - Code BD1MA - Unit III Approaches for teaching - Unit plan- Meaning - Elements - steps in unit plan - types of unit plan - principles involved in unit plan Advantages and Disadvantages - Example of Unit plan - Format of a Unit plan - Conclusion
What is Competency-based Education?
Competency-based education, or CBE, is a student-centered approach that encourages self-paced learning and the development of students' skills.
more-https://www.iitms.co.in/blog/what-is-competency-based-education.html
It includes definition, functions, nature and characteristics of teacher and teaching.
It also describe Domains of learning to understand the behaviour modification of the learner.
TNTEU - B.Ed New Syllabus - Pedagogy of Mathematics - Semester 1 - Code BD1MA - Unit III Approaches for teaching - Unit plan- Meaning - Elements - steps in unit plan - types of unit plan - principles involved in unit plan Advantages and Disadvantages - Example of Unit plan - Format of a Unit plan - Conclusion
What is Competency-based Education?
Competency-based education, or CBE, is a student-centered approach that encourages self-paced learning and the development of students' skills.
more-https://www.iitms.co.in/blog/what-is-competency-based-education.html
an introduction and concept of micro-teachingGunjan Verma
Micro-teaching is a teacher training and faculty development technique whereby the teacher reviews a recording of a teaching session, in order to get constructive feedback from peers and/ or students about what has worked and what improvements can be made to their teaching technique.
Teaching of a small unit of content to the small group of students (6-10 number) in a small amount of time (5-10 min.) is called microteaching.
Teaching and learning is a process that includes many variables. These variables interact as learners work toward their goals and incorporate new knowledge, behaviours, and skills that add to their range of learning experiences.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Teaching learning structure and teaching tactics Presented by Kamlesh Kumar M.Ed.2010-11 Pondicherry university
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4. Gagne assumes that simple behavior requires some pre requisites. There is continuing of learning conditions and behaviors.
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6. I.K.Davies recognizes five basic learning structures out of eight classes of Gagne learning conditions as these are useful and meaningful to the teacher learner: 1- Signal structure 2-chain structure 3-multiple discrimination structure 4-concept structure 5-principles structure
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8. Each subpart is divided into various essential elements and these are arranged in a sequence. Each element of the subject matter has its own structure.
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10. 3-multi discrimination learning 1-distinctive conditions 2- Simultaneous presentation 4-concept learning 1- generalization within the classes 2-discriminition between classes 5-rule or principle learning 1- Recalling the concept 2- Chaining the concept
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12. Signal learning structure is termed as stimulus - responses because that is its basis. The main feature of this structure is that the pupils continuously carry on the practice while organizing the stimulus and the responses and this consolidates the relationship of stimulus and response. following teaching tactics should be used in the signal learning structure- 1- Establishing contiguity. 2-constant practice and rehearsal 3-reinforcing the correct response
13. 2- chain-learning and teaching tactics: Verbal chaining E.g.- poem reading, boy and a girl, daddy and mammy, Non verbal chaining or motor chaining-e.g.-riding bicycle, The following teaching tactics should be used in the chain learning structure- 1-progressive chaining-starts from signals, we reach up to end of the chain e.g. –counting 1 to 100 2-rote learning- the chain is acquired by cramming. e.g. - table or counting learning 3- Retrogressive chaining - we starts from the last activity and the reach to the beginning of the chain. E.g. opposite counting from 100 to 1
14. 3-multi discrimination learning structure and teaching tactics In this, both the signal and chains are included. In this type of learning, facts are separated from each other and the comparisons are made clear. Pupils should take care of two things:- a- stimulus and response should be clear. b- All the things should be presented simultaneously. The pupil should proceed from simple to complex, the teacher should use following tactics a-make students to see dissimilarities among stimuli. b- Categorization on the basis of observed similarities or dissimilarities c- Helping in discrimination one category from another. 1-distinctive conditions 2- Simultaneous presentation
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17. conclusion These different types of learning structure and tactics are using during teaching .structures are help in making the teaching planning and makes the sequence channel of two or more stimuli. It helps in learning from simple to complex. It helps the students in divergent thinking. Teaching tactics are enabling to the student as well as teacher. By help of tactics teachers apply many tactics for making effective teaching and students can understand easily.