This document provides a summary of a presentation on Tibet and China in 3 slides:
Slide 1 introduces Tibet and China and provides background information and sources for further reading.
Slide 2 summarizes Tibet's geography, including its location across parts of modern-day China, population demographics, economy based on agriculture and resource extraction, and Tibetan Buddhism as the dominant religion.
Slide 3 discusses Tibet's history, including periods of independence and sovereignty in the early 20th century, the Chinese invasion and occupation in 1950, and subsequent uprisings against Chinese rule. It also notes the exile of the Dalai Lama and tens of thousands of Tibetans to India in 1959.
Here is a well documented presentation about the situation in Tibet, all information has been verified as to be truth. You'll see the manipulation that some media are making about history. Sun Tze said that the winner can arrange history on his way...
A very informative presentation about the history and current situation of Tibet created by the Tibet Hope Center in McLeod Ganj, Dharamsala, North India.
SAID MASOUD.. SAVE TIBET,.... HISTORY OF TIBET.. THE STORY ABOUT THEIR ANCIENT TIMES IN TIBET.. DOCUMENTARY OF TIBET... IT CONCERNS ABOUT HOW TIBET HISTORY AND THEIR STRUGLING ABOUT THEIR FREEDOM IN THEIR OWN HOME COUNTRY AGAINST CHINA.
Here is a well documented presentation about the situation in Tibet, all information has been verified as to be truth. You'll see the manipulation that some media are making about history. Sun Tze said that the winner can arrange history on his way...
A very informative presentation about the history and current situation of Tibet created by the Tibet Hope Center in McLeod Ganj, Dharamsala, North India.
SAID MASOUD.. SAVE TIBET,.... HISTORY OF TIBET.. THE STORY ABOUT THEIR ANCIENT TIMES IN TIBET.. DOCUMENTARY OF TIBET... IT CONCERNS ABOUT HOW TIBET HISTORY AND THEIR STRUGLING ABOUT THEIR FREEDOM IN THEIR OWN HOME COUNTRY AGAINST CHINA.
How, When And Where - Class 8 - History - (Social Studies)AnjaliKaur3
This PPT explains history chapter 1 from NCERT book in a very different manner. It will be useful for students and for teachers. It contains more information apart from books and hopefully students will find it interesting as they can relate this topic by going through different examples.
Brief introduction to history of china and its administrative divisionsSufi Nouman Riaz
Brief introduction about chinese history including pre imperial era and post imperial era in China, Chinese culture & language and its territorial administrative divisions.
How, When And Where - Class 8 - History - (Social Studies)AnjaliKaur3
This PPT explains history chapter 1 from NCERT book in a very different manner. It will be useful for students and for teachers. It contains more information apart from books and hopefully students will find it interesting as they can relate this topic by going through different examples.
Brief introduction to history of china and its administrative divisionsSufi Nouman Riaz
Brief introduction about chinese history including pre imperial era and post imperial era in China, Chinese culture & language and its territorial administrative divisions.
7 Tips to Beautiful PowerPoint by @itseugenecEugene Cheng
Short talk about presentations given at Startup Dynamo, a workshop held by Startup@Singapore NUS using the Learn Startup Methodology.
My segment was on Presentation Design to make an impact on VCs. Many thanks to @ryanlou for the invite. And not to forget Emiland De Cubber for his amazing slide deck inspirations and invaluable advice. Disclaimer: this is a reimagination off some of Emiland's presentations. I do not make any money of this.
Download for just a tweet: http://goo.gl/fbM4j
Want something similar done for your next pitch? Contact me at my site: http://itseugene.me/contact/
Friends of Tibet is a people's movement to keep alive the issue of Tibet through direct action. Our activities are aimed at ending China's occupation of Tibet and the suffering of the Tibetan people. Friends of Tibet supports the continued struggle of the Tibetan people for independence.
Tibet has flourished for centuries; it has been a living hub of ancient culture and spirituality, minding its own business, so to speak. Tibet has made vast contributions to the world in terms of spiritual wealth and philosophy. As parts of the Indian subcontinent were being invaded and the Hindu civilization was obliterated by the barbaric attackers, many seekers, gurus and spiritual masters took refuge in the safety and solitude of Tibet, allowing Hindu and Buddhist thought and literature to survive and flourish. Thus, Tibet holds extreme importance to Indians as it denotes resilience and survival.
Political Background:
This historic border between India and Tibet was called the Indo-Tibetan border and China (Sino) had no mention in defining that border. Tibetan history shows that Tibetan powerful rulers in the 7th century invaded parts of China, and the annexed Chinese territory even paid taxes or tribute according to a treaty (Treaty of 821 A.D.) between the Tibetan king Tsenpo and the Chinese Emperor Hwang citing “neighborly contentment,” and “establishing a great era when Tibetans shall be happy in Tibet and Chinese shall be happy in China, shall never be changed.” The Chinese forces violated the 821 A.D. bilateral treaty by continuously invading Tibet over the centuries.
Tibetans lost most of their Central Asian possessions to the Chinese and the great Tibetan Empire all but vanished by the 9th century due to Chinese and Mongol invasions.
The British signed the Lhasa Convention with the Government of Tibet after their expedition and this denotes Tibet’s sovereignty. It should be noted that China is nowhere in the picture and all official business was conducted with the government of Tibet.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
free Tibet presentation -Tibet and China 2015 (teacher's notes)
1. Free Tibet presentation: Tibet and China
Teacher’s notes
Slide 1
www.freetibet.org
Tibet and China
Introduction
Information about the subjects of all
slides is available at
www.freetibet.org Additional
references are provided in the notes
below.
NOTE: International media,
diplomats and human rights
organisations are denied access to
the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR)
and have highly restricted access to
other parts of Tibet. See Free Tibet
resource-China teaching resources –
independent and dissident
perspectives for a comprehensive list
of independent sources of
information about the current
situation in Tibet.
Slide 2 Where is Tibet?
TIBET
2. Slide 3 Tibet: geography
Under the People’s Republic of China, Tibet’s
three provinces, U-Tsang, Amdo and Kham, are
now divided among four Chinese provinces
(Sichuan, Qinghai, Yunnan, Gansu) and the “Tibet
Autonomous Region”.
Tibet covers a land area of over 2.5
million square kilometres. It is more
than ¼ of China’s land mass.
http://tibet.net/about-tibet/tibet-at-
a-glance/
When China’s government refers to
“Tibet”, it means only the region now
called the Tibet Autonomous Region
(TAR). Many international media and
governments have adopted this
practice. For Tibetans, the entire area
of the three provinces is Tibet.
Map source:
http://www.thlib.org/places/tibet/
Slide 4 Tibet: geography
Economy:
agriculture, resource extraction, tourism
Languages:
Tibetan; Mandarin
Capital:
Lhasa
Population:
estimated 6m Tibetans;
unknown number of Han
Chinese
Religion:
Tibetan Buddhist
Population: Chinese figures show the
population of the TAR to be more
than 90% ethnic Tibetan but excludes
“temporary” migrants (see slide 10)
and military forces.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet#D
emographics
Economy: Natural resources include
extensive reserves of gold, copper,
silver, lithium (used in batteries) and
uranium.
https://www.chinadialogue.net/articl
e/4696-Tibet-s-resource-curse ;
http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2013/08/
mining-tibet-poisoning-china/
Most tourism is internal, with more
than 90% of visitors to the Tibet
Autonomous Region being Chinese.
http://tibet.net/2012/10/13/tibet-a-
rare-foreign-visitor-finds-a-chinese-
tourism-boom/
Tibetan is an entirely separate
language from Chinese, using a
different written script. Mandarin was
3. rarely spoken in Tibet before 1950 but
is now the main language used in
business and education. Some
younger Tibetans are no longer fluent
or literate in Tibetan.
Image: Potala Palace, Lhasa; Tibetan
script
Slide 5
The Tibetan plateau is known as the
“Third Pole” because of the amount
of fresh water stored in its glaciers.
The Tibetan Plateau - 4,500m average height.
Tibet has the Himalayan mountains in the south-west, primarily grassland in the
north and forested valleys in the east and south-east
An estimated 2bn people in Asia
depend on the flow of fresh water from
Tibet.
Tibet: geography Tibet faces substantial environmental
challenges. Climate change is leading
to melting of its glaciers.
Deforestation and the damming of
rivers for hydropower are changing its
physical geography.
Known as the “Third Pole” because
the amount of fresh water stored in
its glaciers and flowing from its rivers
is exceeded only by North and South
poles. http://www.thethirdpole.net/
http://tibet-
edd.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/resource
-extraction-and-deforestation.html
Picture credits:
http://www.tpe.ac.cn/;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_
Plateau
4. Slide 6 Brief history of Tibet
•Tibet and China had close relations for centuries,
amid shifting empires in east Asia
•Ruled by Dalai Lamas since 17th century
•In 1913, the 13th Dalai Lama formally asserted
Tibet’s independence.
•Tibet issued currency and passports, and signed
international treaties in 20th century
China claims that Tibet has been part
of China “since antiquity” but this is
rejected Tibetans and many
independent scholars. As neither
country was a modern nation state
before 1900, the independence or
otherwise of Tibet before the 1950
invasion remains a matter of dispute.
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/
story.php?storyId=89552004
The Dalai Lama is the spiritual leader
of Tibetan Buddhism and, in Tibetan
Buddhist belief, is the reincarnation of
the previous Dalai Lama. The religious
role dates back to the 1400s, but
Dalai Lamas also ruled Tibet politically
until the Chinese invasion of 1950.
http://www.dalailama.com/biography
/the-dalai-lamas
Images: 13th Dalai Lama and Tibetan
currency
Slide 7 Brief history of Tibet
•Tibet was invaded and occupied by the
People’s Republic of China in 1949-50
• Tibetan leaders signed “Seventeen
Point Agreement” with China, ceding
sovereignty but preserving some
autonomy
•In March 1959, uprising took place
against Chinese rule
• The uprising was suppressed and the
Dalai Lama fled to India with tens-of-
thousands of followers
Tibet’s small army briefly opposed
China’s invasion but was rapidly
overwhelmed and the “17 point
Agreement” was signed with Chinese
military forces occupying Tibet.
Tibetans became increasingly
concerned that the autonomy
supposedly enshrined in the
agreement was being undermined by
China, leading to the 1959.
http://www.tibetjustice.org/materials
/china/china3.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-
asia-pacific-16689779
5. Slide 8 Brief history of Tibet
• More than one million Tibetans are thought to have died as a result of the
Chinese invasion of Tibet
•There have been significant Tibetan uprisings against Chinese rule in the 1980s,
1990s and in 2008
More than 6,000 monasteries have
been closed or destroyed
Hundreds of thousands of Tibetan
peasants and nomads died between
1960 and 1962
Numbers of Tibetans killed in the
period following the 1950 invasion
and the 1959 uprising are not known
but are agreed by scholars to be in
the tens-of-thousands.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1959_Ti
betan_uprising
Numbers killed since by security
forces during the suppression of
protests and in custody as a result of
neglect or torture are also unknown.
Chairman Mao’s “Great Leap
Forward” (1958-60) caused famine
leading to the deaths of hundreds of
thousands of Tibetan peasants and
nomads (and millions of people
across China).
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/
great_leap_forward.htm
Thousands of monasteries were also
destroyed following the invasion and
in particular during the Cultural
Revolution (1966-76).
Slide 9 Tibet in exile
• Tibetan government-in-exile established in Dharamsala, India in 1959. Dalai Lama
passed political control to fully-elected government in 2011.
• Now called the Central Tibetan Administration, the Dharamsala government is not
recognised by any government or the United Nations
His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet
•spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism
•winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989
•called by China “a wolf in monk’s clothing”
The government-in-exile began
democratisation in 1960, with an
elected Parliament. Since 2001, the
leader of the government has been
directly elected. www.tibet.net
The current Dalai Lama was a
teenager when Tibet was invaded
[ www.dalailama.com ] and has not
returned to Tibet since 1959. The
Chinese government has said it will
consider his return if he accepts that
Tibet has always been part of China.
http://www.ecns.cn/2015/04-
15/161801.shtml
The Dalai Lama has proposed a
6. “Middle Way” solution to the status
of Tibet, in which it remains part of
the People’s Republic of China but has
far greater autonomy to protect its
environment, traditions, language and
culture. China has rejected the Middle
Way, claiming that it is “cover” for his
ultimate aim of independence. The
Dalai Lama denies this, although
many Tibetans do seek
independence.
http://www.dalailama.com/messages
/middle-way-approach
Slide 10 Tibet today: migration and marginalisation
• China plans to increase the
urban population of the Tibet
Autonomous Region by 30% by
2020 - an increase of 280,000
people
•Chinese people are offered
incentives to move to Tibet
•Tibetans are disadvantaged
through language, ethnicity,
education
Since the invasion, China has actively
encouraged migration of Han Chinese
people to the whole of Tibet.
Incentives include relaxation of the
one-child policy
http://english.cntv.cn/2014/11/07/AR
TI1415317752096286.shtml
Mandarin is now the language of
education, government and business
in Tibet. This favours Chinese
immigrants and Tibetans face
difficulties in competing for jobs.
http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&typ
e=Document&id=3671
7. Slide 11 Tibet today: relocation and “Disneyfication”
Relocation
Two million Tibetan nomads
have been moved from their
land to urban settlements,
where they lack the skills to
compete for jobs
“Disneyfication”
Picturesque representations of Tibetan
culture are used to attract tourists while
Tibetans face increasing restrictions on their
freedom to practice it
Nomadic families who are relocated
can be forced to pay three-quarters or
more of the cost of their new
housing, forcing them into debt
making them unable to feed their
livestock or families.
http://www.hrw.org/reports/2013/06
/27/they-say-we-should-be-grateful-0
Disneyfication:
http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/
magazine/january_february_2014/te
n_miles_square/the_disneyfication_o
f_tibet048349.php?page=all
Slide 12 Tibet today: human rights
Human Rights
•“Splittism”
•Surveillance
•Criminalisation of religious
and cultural life
• Collective punishment
• Communication restrictions
“Splittism/separatism” is a crime in
Chinese law, referring to acts which
threaten to divide Chinese territory. It
can be applied to any “nationalistic”
act, such as signing patriotic songs or
advocating for the return of the Dalai
Lama. Images of the Dalai Lama are
banned, as is the Tibet flag.
Communities where protests take
place can face cancellation of state-
funded projects. Families of
protesters may lose land rights.
Collective punishment is illegal under
international human rights law.
http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/11/2
9/china-tibetan-immolations-security-
measures-escalate
Tibetans pictured include:
Dhondup Wangchen (top row,
centre), filmmaker, served six years
for making “Leaving Fear behind” in
2008, which featured interviews with
Tibetans speaking frankly about
political situation
Khenpo Kartse (second row, second
from right), monk, environment
8. activist and teacher, imprisoned for
two-and-a-half years in 2014.
Jigme Dolma (third row, right), 17-
year-old student, arrested and beaten
for a solo protest in 2012. Serving
three year sentence.
Lolo (bottom left), popular singer
imprisoned in 2013.
Slide 13 Tibet today: human rights
• Suppression
of protest
•Intimidation
•Torture
•Severe sentences
“Tibet today is one of the most repressed and closed societies in the world”
Senator Robert Menendez, Chairman of US Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 2012
Suppression of protests: Protest is
prohibited. In 2008, demonstrations
swept across the entire Tibetan
plateau. Authorities arrested an
estimated 6,000 protestors, of which
the fate of about 1,000 still remains
unknown. On 12 August 2014, four
Tibetans died after security forces
opened fire on a demonstration in
Kardze.
Torture: Torture in China and Tibet is
“routine” and “widespread”,
according to the United Nations.
http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/t
reatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?sy
mbolno=CAT%2fC%2fCHN%2fCO%2f4
&Lang=en Monk and activist Golog
Jigme reports being handcuffed to a
burning stove after being arrested in
2008.
In 2014, Thardhod Gyaltsen was given
an 18 year prison sentence after
Chinese police found banned pictures
and teachings of the Dalai Lama in his
room.
9. Slide 14 Tibet today: intimidation
March 2015, Monlam Prayer Festival, Kumbum Monastery
Security forces deployed at a
traditional religious festival at
Kumbum Monastery, eastern Tibet.
http://freetibet.org/news-
media/na/china-wants-choose-dalai-
lama
Slide 15 Tibet’s Resistance
• Collective protest against:
– Environmental destruction
– Religious restrictions
– Human rights abuses
– Attacks on Tibetan culture (e.g. education)
• Individual protest
– Solo protests
– Self-immolation
Free Tibet maintains a constantly
updated record of protest in Tibet at
http://freetibet.org/about/tibets-
resistance
Protests against cultural destruction
include high school students in 2012
opposing the replacement of Tibetan-
language school books with books in
Mandarin.
Self-immolation protests: Since March
2009, more than 135 people are
known to have set themselves on fire
inside Tibet in protest against China’s
occupation and policies. They include
teachers, students and herdsmen, as
well as mothers and fathers.
Slide 16 Tibet’s Resistance
Defending Tibet’s culture
• Language classes
• Blogs
• Music, poetry
• Lhakar
Banned in China-occupied Tibet
• Tibetan national flag
• Images of the Dalai Lama
• Tibetan patriotic songs
Tibetans also resist the effects of
occupation by pro-actively defending
and asserting their culture. This
includes the setting up of Tibetan
language classes in their
communities, writing poems, essays,
songs and creating paintings devoted
to Tibetan language, identity and
culture.
Lhakar (“White Wednesdays”) is a
people’s movement that has emerged
in Tibet. Every Wednesday, a growing
number of Tibetans are making
special efforts to wear traditional