The Republic of China governs the island of Taiwan and its surrounding islands. Its capital and largest city is Taipei. While Taiwan was originally based on mainland China, it now only controls a small island territory off the southeast coast of China. Taiwan has a population of over 22 million people and has transitioned to a knowledge-based economy, though it still relies heavily on energy imports.

2. Officially the Republic of China (ROC)
Is a state/ special administrative region in East Asia
Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China now
governs the island of Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa), which
makes up over 99% of its territory

3. Capital Taipei
25°02′N 121°38′E
Largest city New Taipei City
Official language(s) Mandarin
Recognized
regional languages
Taiwanese
Hakka
Formosan languages
Official Scripts Traditional Chinese

4. Demonym Taiwanese orChinese
Government Unitary semi-presidential republic
President Ma Ying-jeou
Vice
President
Wu Den-yih
Premier Sean Chen

5. The island of
Taiwan lies some 180
kilometers off the
southeastern coast of
China, across the
Taiwan Strait, and has
an area of 35,883 km2
(13,855 sq mi).

6. The island is characterized by the contrast between
the eastern two-thirds, consisting mostly of rugged
mountains running in five ranges from the northern to the
southern tip of the island
Taiwan lies on the Tropic of Cancer, and its climate
is marine tropical. The northern part of the island has a rainy
season that lasts from January-March during the northeast
monsoon, and experiences meiyu/plum rain in May.

7. Taiwan’s economic performance in 2010 surpassed
expectations, registering nearly 11 percent growth.
The administration of President Ma Ying-
jeou has striven to transform Taiwan into a global
innovation center, an Asia-Pacific economic and
trade hub, and an operations center for overseas-
based businesses.

8. Taiwan is a multi-ethnic
society, where waves of
settlement and encounters
with other civilizations have
bequeathed it a diverse
cultural heritage.
Taiwan today, while cross-cultural marriages involving more than 400,000
new immigrants have further enriched the island’s cultural tapestry, making Taiwan
an incubator of diverse art forms that not only coexist, but blend with or influence
each other.

9. Religious pluralism and tolerance are hallmarks of social life
in Taiwan
Traditional beliefs, religious traditions from
other parts of the world and recently
developed religions are all practiced freely
in Taiwan.
• Buddhism
• Taoism
• I-Kuan Tao
• Christianity
• Islam

10. Over 95 percent of Taiwan’s population is of Han Chinese ancestry, with the
remainder composed of indigenous Austronesian peoples and recent immigrants.
Han Taiwanese are the
descendants of immigrants that
arrived in two main waves—first, in
the 17th century after the Manchu
invasion of the main-land, and later,
in 1949, when the ROC government
relocated to the island.

11. According to May 2006 statistics from the Ministry of the
Interior, the population of Taiwan was 22,805,547, 99.6% of
which live on island of Taiwan, covered New Taipei, Taichung,
Tainan and the former Kaohsiung County), Taipei City and
Kaohsiung City).

12. Taiwan is ranked the 50th most populous nation in the world.
Rank Name Population
1 Island of Taiwan 18,590,635
2 Taipei City 2,620,693
3 Kaohsiung City 1,511,601
4 Outlying islands 82,618
Total 22,805,547
Taiwan is now an aging
society, as the proportion of
people aged 65 and older
has been steadily increasing.
In 1949, it was 2.5 percent
of the population, and in
2010, 10.74 percent.

13. During 2004-2010 Taiwan's migration rate was positive. On average
the annual net migration amounted to 22,000 people during that
period, which is equivalent to a rate of 1.0 per 1000 inhabitants per
year.
Age range 1980 census 1990 census 2000 2010
0–14
years
32.1% 26.9% 21.2% 15.65%
15–64
years
63.6% 67.0% 70.2% 73.61%
65 years
and over
4.3% 6.1% 8.6% 10.74%

14. During 2004-2010 Taiwan's migration rate was positive. On average
the annual net migration amounted to 22,000 people during that
period, which is equivalent to a rate of 1.0 per 1000 inhabitants per
year.
Age range 1980 census 1990 census 2000 2010
0–14
years
32.1% 26.9% 21.2% 15.65%
15–64
years
63.6% 67.0% 70.2% 73.61%
65 years
and over
4.3% 6.1% 8.6% 10.74%

15. The fertility rate of Taiwan is one of the lowest fertility rates ever
recorded in the world in historical times.
It reached its lowest level in 2010: 0.90
children per female.
In 1980, the rate was still well above replacement level (2.515), but it
dropped to 1.88 in 1985, 1.81 in 1990, 1.78 in 1995, 1.68 in 2000,
1.12 in 2005.

16. Definition of literacy is those aged 15 and over who can read and write.
The data below shows the literacy rate among Taiwanese people in the
year 2012.
Gender Population
Male 99.6%
Female 96.8%
Total 98.2%
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

17. Taiwan has a developed capitalist economy that ranks as the 19th
largest in the world by Purchasing power parity (PPP)
Ranks as 18th in the world by gross
domestic product(GDP) at purchasing
power parity Per capita(person) and
24th in nominal GDP of investment and
foreign trade by the Republic of China
(ROC)

18. Taiwan's information technology industry has played an important
role in the worldwide IT market over the last 20 years.
The "e-Taiwan" project
launched by the government seeks to
use US$1.83 billion to improve the
information and communications
infrastructure in Taiwan in five major
areas: government, life, business,
transport, and broadband.

19. Due to the lack of natural resources on the
island, Taiwan is forced to import many of its
energy needs (currently at 98%).
Imported energy totaled US$11.52 billion in 2002,
accounting for 4.1% of its GDP.
Taiwan is the world's 4th largest
producer of solar-powered
batteries and largest LED
manufacturer by volume.

20. Taiwan and the Philippines are two geographically neighboring
countries, separated by the Batanes and Luzon Strait.
Taiwan and the Philippines share a lot of similarities in
geography, history and culture and have the same values of
freedom and democracy.
Taiwan-Philippine bilateral trade volume reached US$7.035
billion in 2008. Taiwan was the N0.6 trading partner to the
Philippines

21. The aggregated investment value from Taiwan amounted to
US$1.841 billion up to September, 2008.
Taiwan is the 7th largest foreign investment in the
Philippines,
Taiwanese tourists to the Philippines amounted to 118,782,
sharing 3.78% of the total foreign visitors, making Taiwan
the 6th largest tourist source country to the Philippines in
2008.