1. The document discusses the classification of organisms and the hierarchical system developed by Carolus Linnaeus.
2. It includes the seven main taxa from largest to smallest: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
3. Evolutionary relationships can be shown through cladograms and phylogenic trees, which illustrate how organisms are related through shared ancestors and derived characteristics.
15. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
THINKING CRITICALLY
Organism Cat Wolf Fly
Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia
Phylum Chordata Chordata Arthropoda
Class Mammalia Mammalia Insecta
Order Carnivora Carnivora Diptera
Family Felidae Canidae Muscidae
Genus Felis Canis Musca
Species F. domesticus C. lupus M. domestica
16. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
THINKING CRITICALLY
1. What type of animal is
Musca domestica?
2. From the table, which 2
animals are most closely
related?
3. At what classification
level does the
evolutionary relationship
between cats and wolves
diverge (become
different)?
Animal; insect
Cat and Wolf
Family Level
22. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
3. CLADOGRAM
e. When the derived character is
above an organism, the organism
lacks that derived character.
Fur &
Mammary
Glands
Jaws
Lungs
Claws
or Nails
Feathers
Hagfish
Fish
Frog
Lizard
Pigeon
Mouse
Chimp
Do hagfish
have jaws?
Do frogs have
mammary glands?
23. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
3. CLADOGRAM
f. When the derived character is
below the organism, the organism
possesses that derived character.
Fur &
Mammary
Glands
Jaws
Lungs
Claws
or Nails
Feathers
Hagfish
Fish
Frog
Lizard
Pigeon
Mouse
Chimp
Do lizards
have jaws?
Do pigeons have claws
or nails?
25. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Four groups are represented by circular regions
Each region represents different taxonomic
levels.
Regions that overlap, share common members.
Regions that do not overlap do not have common
members.
A.
B.
C. D.