this ppt is made by shrikrishna kesharwani , final year student of manit Bhopal, in this ppt I have given information about the sustainable metropolitan development scheme in detail.

1. Made by- Shrikrishna kesharwani (181109005)
SUSTAINABLE METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT :
ISSUES AND ITS SOLUTIONS

2. SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT-  The classic definition of sustainable
development is ‘development that meets
the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs’.
 Sustainable urban development is the way
forward for cities to mitigate climate
change. Integrated urban places designed to
bring people, activities, buildings, and public
spaces together, with easy walking and
cycling connection between them and near-
excellent transit service to the rest of the
city.
 It means inclusive access for all to local and
citywide opportunities and resources by the
most efficient and healthful combination of
mobility modes, at the lowest financial and
environmental cost, and with the highest
resilience to disruptive events.
 Inclusive development is an essential
foundation for long-term sustainability,
equity, shared prosperity, and civil society in
cities.
Source- https://www.itdp.org/our-work/sustainable-

3.  Lack of financial resources to carry out and plan sustainable
development
 Sustainable development is often not possible in war-torn
countries as there are other priorities on hand.
 Natural occurrences, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, can pose
a threat to sustainability as they can shift the flow of water and
destroy certain elements of infrastructure.
 The governmental conflict between immediate profit and
investment towards sustainable technologies.
 Corruption.
 Lack of efforts at a municipal level
CHALLENGES
FOR
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
Source- https://www.iynf.org/2018/08/a-guide-to-sustainable-development-and-its-

4. Need
for
sustainable
metropolitan
development.
• According to United Nation‘s estimate today
54% of the world population lived in urban
areas, a proportion that is expected to increase
to 66% by 2050. By that period 50% of India‘s
populations are expected to live in urban areas.
• Many megacities, particularly in developing
countries, have faced overconcentration of
population and as a result exceeded the
inherent Urban Carrying Capacity of cities.
• The thing is, our society already consumes 1.8
times the planet’s capacity to naturally replenish
Resources so, how will we make ends meet?
• Therefore it is important to give Focus on how
you can speed up your search for sustainable
and effective solutions in the built and natural
environment of metropolitan areas, and how we
can learn from approaches around the world.
• We need to find solutions that are viable and
resilient to continuous change, and in particular
the effects of massive urbanisation and climate
change.
Source- https://www.itdp.org/our-work/sustainable-

5. Issues of sustainable metropolitan development
• Diverse urban problems in the Indian
Metropolitan Region occur due to over-
development and overconcentration in the
metropolitan city which exceed the carrying
capacity.
• In achieving sustainable development through
resolving such problems, practical approaches to
include urban carrying capacity for managing
urban development are required.
• Mega cities around the world have observed a
rise in temperature due to a number of factors
namely, modifications of urban surfaces, release
of anthropogenic heat to the environment,
formation of urban canyons, and loss of
vegetation”. These cities termed “heat islands”
face great costs associated with economics, air
quality, and thermal discomfort. The major
contribution to the heat island effect comes
from the air conditioning used in buildings,
which discharge heat within the building to the
outside atmosphere during the summer.
Source- https://www.itdp.org/our-work/sustainable-urban-development/

6. Source- https://www.slideshare.net/aldelaitre/iv-the-sustainable-city/
The Rogers Model of City
System
• The Rogers Model was
created in 1997
• It compares a Sustainable
City (Circular System) with an
unsustainable one (Linear
System)
• In the sustainable city, inputs
and outputs are smaller and
there is more recycling.
How to Achieve Sustainability
The following steps need to be
taken to achieve sustainability:
 Improve Economic Security
 Meet Social, Cultural and
Health Needs
 Minimize the use of Non-
Renewable Resources
 Use finite renewable
resources sustainably
 Preserve Green Space
 Reduce outputs.

7. Case study-
The city of Copenhagen is one of the most sustainable and energy efficient cities in the world. According to its Carbon Neutral by
2025 Plan, it has the ambition of becoming the first carbon neutral capital by 2025. Some initiatives that have helped support
this goal include Copenhagen’s environment friendly modes of transport, sensitivity to climate change, sustainable urban
redevelopment, and efficient energy use tactics.
Sustainable Transport
Sensitivity to Climate Change
District Heating/Cooling
Energy Efficient Buildings
Source- https://urbanlifecopenhagen.weebly.com/sus
Copenhagen is known for its sustainable bike infrastructure.
Instead of heavy automobile use for everyday destinations,
well-maintained bike paths allow for smart mobility within
the city. Copenhagen has in essence eliminated over a third
of all transportation fossil-fuel use and, in the process,
eliminated ninety thousand tons of greenhouse gas
emissions per year.
Copenhagen uses an interdisciplinary approach to fund a
defense towards climate change.
• The city is also investing efficient energy through district heating and cooling.
In this system, heat and chilled water is produced centrally and later carried
out towards surrounding neighborhoods.
• The benefits of the CHP system include: creation of jobs, reduced CO2
emissions, district heating costs around 45% less than oil by individual
household boilers, affordable energy production without harming
environment, and almost no negative impact on air quality.
Copenhagen seeks to reform its current urban structures towards smarter
energy use. “Retrofitting” is when old buildings are modernized with energy-
efficiency in mind, without taking away the aesthetics of the architecture.

8. Case study-
Source- https://urbanlifecopenhagen.weebly.com/sus
Preserving Green Space The Municipality Behind Sustainability
Public Service
Global Initiatives
Copenhagen’s buildings are intertwined with recreation spaces and
green parks.
It is seen as an efficient way of lowering the city’s surface
temperatures and contributes to reducing the urban heat island
effect,
The sustainability is within Copenhagen’s plans. In 2004, the Park Policy-
The Green Copenhagen was published, protecting green areas while new
developments arise. This policy remains true today, as 25% of Copenhagen
is still covered in greenery among all its new developments. In 2009, the City
of Copenhagen proposed an action plan called “Pocket parks, trees and
other green areas,” which focuses on the integration of public spaces with
urban landscape planning.
Unlike a system based upon consumer demand for energy and supplies,
Copenhagen emphasizes supply-side efficiency with its Energy Advisory
Service. This organization is a resource for citizens to understand how to
use natural gas and limit energy usage
In September 2013, the United Nations Environmental
Programme and the Technical University of Denmark created the
Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency that culminates the
efforts of government, private, and public entities. Copenhagen
falls in line with this global initiative, rising as a leader in
sustainability.
Link - https://youtu.be/pUbHGI-kHsU

9. • Shenzhen has emerged as China's leading city for sustainability policies by phasing out polluting industries, imposing tough new
environmental standards, encouraging climate-friendly industries, supporting high-tech development and regenerating urban areas.
• Historically, Shenzhen has been a testing ground for new reforms, and we believe the sustainable policies applied in the city to reduce air and
water pollution will also be applied nationwide in China as part of a concerted, nationwide effort to address climate change.
• Shenzhen was a fishing village with less than 30,000 residents 40 years ago.
• Fast forward to 2019 and it is home to 12 million people, boasts some of China's most innovative companies, and has an economy larger than
many of the world's most developed countries.
Case study-
Source-
https://www.ubs.com/
global/en/asset-
management/insights
/china/2019/shenzhe
n-china-sustainable-
•Developing electric vehicles
•Establishing low-emissions
electric buses and taxis
•Closing down polluting factories
•Regenerating urban areas
•Supporting start-ups and
innovative industries with
tax breaks and talent
policies

10. Case study- Masdar city (UAE)
• Masdar City combines passive and intelligent design to
demonstrate how an urban environment can accommodate
denser populations more efficiently.
• The water and energy demand of the city’s buildings is 40 per
cent lower than that of the average building in Abu Dhabi, and
each building must meet a minimum 3-Pearl rating according to
the Estidama Pearl Building Rating System.
• Administered by the Abu Dhabi Department of Municipalities
and Transport (DMT), a 3-Pearl Estidama rating is comparable to
the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Gold
international green building certification.
• Masdar City is strongly focused on sustainable development,
through the reduction of demand for energy and water, and
recycling and reuse of waste material particularly during the
construction activities.
• Masdar City is a free zone and an investment zone, enabling foreign
ownership of property and companies, and attracting clean tech
companies of all sizes and types to test, commercialise and deploy
clean energy technologies.
• The city’s walkable environment offers multiple clean tech transit
options including the Personal Rapid Transit, an internal electronic
driverless mode of movement, the NAVYA Autonom Shuttle, an
autonomous vehicle that transports up to 12 people at one time,
and Circ e-scooters, among others. Externally, two major Abu Dhabi
networks, the Metro and the Light Rail Transit (LRT) are planned to
pass through Masdar City.
SOURCE- https://masdar.ae/en/masdar-city/the-
VIDEO LINK - https://youtu.be/Llzq9YMsPP8

11. SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES : HOUSING, WASTE CONTROL, URBAN GROWTH CONTROL
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES CASE-STUDY SOLUTIONS
Sustainable housing
Newington (Sydney,
Australia)
Problem: high urban ecological footprint and lack of environmentalsensitivity Solutions:
•2,000 houses for 5,000 people built on 90 ha of Brownfield sites in Newington (Sydney)
•Solar panels on all buildings (equivalent to removing 261 cars)
•Planting of native drought-resistant species (fewer allergens,less water consumption)
•Artificial ponds to collect rain water and attract wildlife
•Dualwater system (drinkable vs flushable)
•No house more than 5 minute walking distance from a park
•Pedestrian and bike pathways
·Window glazing to keep heat inside in winter and provide shade in summer
•Improvement of house insulation (houses consume 50% less energy/water than rest of Sydney)
Waste and Pollution reduction Graz (Austria)
Problem: waste, pollution Solutions:
•Okoprofit Program (Ecoprofit)launched in 1991
•Educate local businesses to reduce resource consumption,maximize recycling,reduce waste
•Ecoprofit logo awarded to companies that have reduced solid waste by 30% and air emissions by
50% and make annual improvements
•Voluntary basis but marketing tool of Ecoprofit logo
Control of urban growth
"Vilies Nouvelles"
(Paris,France)
Problem: congestion and hyper concentration in central Paris area in 1960s Solutions:
•6 "villes nouvelles" established in 1970s around Paris
•Modern train stations + extension of rapid transit to Paris and surrounding suburbs
•Construction of artistic infrastructures (theatres, cinemas, museums)
•Parks , lakes ,leisure areas, sports installation, soft "attractive• architecture
•Establishment of universities and public research centres (Cergy,St Quentin) => attracts jobs
•Tax credit for private corporations (ex: Disneyland in Marne-la-Vallee)
•Emphasis on hi-tech industries (St Quentin)
Source- https://www.irbnet.de/daten/iconda/CIB11473.pdf Source- COURSES EDX ,. SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Motion Picture].

12. SNO. EXAMPLES OF SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES FOR METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT
1
SUSTAINABLE
STRATEGIES
CITY EXAMPLE
2 ADEQUATE HOUSING SAO PAULO BRAZIL
Upgradingof slums: government gives legal land tenure and provide subsidies to
support quality self-built housing
3
CLEAN RENEWABLE
ENERGY
COPENHAGEN
DENMARK
Windmills built offshore
4 ENERGY CONSERVATION PARIS FRANCE
•Timer on lights in hallways/stairs in apartment buildings
•Eiffe l tower only lit for a few hours at night
•Free bike sharing system (Velib}
5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SINGAPORE
•Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) to charge car usage rather than can ownership
•Fast and rational public transportation system
• learn more: www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HofttbuWhA&feature =related
6 SMOG REDUCTION MEXICO CITY MEXICO
•Alternate circulation for cars ("Hoy no circula" program)
•Strict regulations on car emissions
•Single-fare extensive metro system with long/frequent trains
• learn more: www.youtube.com/watch?v=oiJSi bklokO
7
URBAN HEAT
ISLAND REDUCTION
CHICAGO ILUNOIS
•Development of parks
•Rooftop gardens on some buildings
•Carpool+ bike lanes
8
SOIL PROTECTION + FUEL
EMISSION REDUCTION
SAN FRANCISCO •Urban farms (Hayes Valley)
9 WATER CONSERVATION
PALM SPRINGS
CALIFORNIA
Tax reduction for the people who replace grass by gravel/cactus
Solutions from case studies-
Source- COURSES EDX ,. SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Motion Picture].

13. Thank
YOU