The document summarizes six major language teaching methods: 1) Grammar Translation focuses on reading, writing, and grammar rules with translation activities; 2) Direct Method uses only the target language and teaches vocabulary through objects/pictures; 3) Audio-Lingual Method drills grammar through repetition and replaces/rephrases sentences; 4) Community Language Learning uses students' native language initially and focuses on reducing anxiety; 5) Total Physical Response links the target language to physical activities to reinforce comprehension; 6) Communicative Language Teaching promotes real communication through tasks and meaningful activities like role-plays.