The document discusses the Direct Method of language teaching. It was developed in reaction to the Grammar Translation Method to teach language without translation. Under the Direct Method, the target language is used exclusively, meaning is associated through demonstration rather than explanation, and grammar is induced rather than explicitly taught. The key principles include using basic vocabulary and everyday sentences, emphasizing oral transmission, and focusing on communication through techniques like question-answer exercises and conversation practice.

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2. THE DIRECT METHOD
The Direct Method of language teaching is
also called:
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3. THE DIRECT METHOD
The Direct Method was developed by
Maximilian Berlitz towards the end of the
19th century as a reaction to the Grammar
Translation Method.
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4. THE DIRECT METHOD
The Direct Method is named “direct”
because meaning should be connected
directly with the target language without
translation into the native language.
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5. THE DIRECT METHOD
Basically, the Direct Method aims to
provide language learners with a practically
useful knowledge of language. Knowing a
language is being able to speak it.
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6. THE DIRECT METHOD
This method argues that a foreign language
can be taught without translation, unlike
the argument of the Grammar-Translation
Method.
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7. THE DIRECT METHOD
Rather than translating the teaching
material, the teacher is expected to directly
use the target language in class because a
language can best be taught by using it
actively in the classroom.
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8. THE DIRECT METHOD
The teacher should not explain but
associate the meaning through action and
demonstration.
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9. THE DIRECT METHOD
In this way, learners will be able to induce
grammar rules through examples,
illustrations, and demonstrations.
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10. THE DIRECT METHOD
This method replaces the textbook with
teacher-student / student-student activities
such as reading aloud, question-answer
exercises, fill-in-the-blank exercises, etc.
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11. THE DIRECT METHOD
Correct pronunciation is given careful
attention in this method. In addition, new
vocabulary is taught by using known words.
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12. BASIC PRINCIPLES
1. Classroom instruction is conducted
exclusively in the target language. The
teacher should demonstrate, not explain or
translate.
NEVER TRANSLATE: DEMONSTRATE
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13. BASIC PRINCIPLES
2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences
are taught.
BASIC VOCABULARY IS GIVEN FIRST
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14. BASIC PRINCIPLES
3. Grammar is taught inductively. There may
never be an explicit grammar rule given.
DO NOT GIVE RULES:
MAKE THEM FIGURE OUT THE RULE.
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15. BASIC PRINCIPLES
4. New teaching points are introduced orally.
ORAL TRANSMISSION
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16. BASIC PRINCIPLES
5. Correct pronunciation and grammar are
emphasized.
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17. BASIC PRINCIPLES
6. Both speech and listening comprehension
are taught.
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18. BASIC PRINCIPLES
7. Vocabulary is taught through known
words, demonstration, authentic objects
(realia), pictures, and miming.
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19. BASIC PRINCIPLES
8. The teacher, by asking the student to make
a choice, gets him to correct his own error.
LEARNING BY SELF-CORRECTION
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20. BASIC PRINCIPLES
9. The syllabus is based on situations or
topics, not usually on linguistic structures.
CONTEXTUAL/TOPICAL TEACHING
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21. BASIC PRINCIPLES
10. Learning is not merely restricted with
formal language knowledge; it also involves
speaker conventions and descriptive usage.
NOT formal BUT NATURAL USE
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22. BASIC PRINCIPLES
11. Students should learn to think in the target
language as soon as possible. Vocabulary is
acquired more naturally if students use it in
full sentences, rather than memorizing
word lists.
NOT memorization but PRODUCTION
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23. BASIC PRINCIPLES
12. The purpose of language learning is
communication; therefore students need to
learn how to ask questions as well as answer
them.
COMMUNICATION-FIRST PRINCIPLE
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24. TECHNIQUES IN THE DIRECT
METHOD
 Reading aloud
 Question-answer exercise
 Student self-correction
 Conversation practice
 Fill-in-the-blank exercise
 Dictation
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25. Grammar-Translation Method vs.
The Direct Method: A Comparison
in terms of GRAMMAR
Direct Method Grammar translation method
In the direct method, the teacher
provides the knowledge in
grammar inductively through
speaking.
The GTM focuses on grammar rules
and their application. Language is
learned through rules.
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26. Grammar-Translation Method vs.
The Direct Method: A Comparison
in terms of VOCABULARY
Direct Method Grammar translation method
The vocabulary is learned through
practice every day.
The vocabulary is learned through
direct translation of L1. Students
learn vocabulary when they are
translated.
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27. Grammar-Translation Method vs.
The Direct Method: A Comparison
in terms of TEACHER ATTITUDE
Direct Method Grammar translation method
The role of the teacher is of great
importance. He asks questions to
students constantly, encourages
them to participate in class and
corrects their mistakes
immediately.
The role of the teacher is not very
active because he just limits his
work to translate for the students.
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28. Grammar-Translation Method vs.
The Direct Method: A Comparison
in terms of STUDENT ATTITUDE
Direct Method Grammar translation method
The students are very actives, their
oral communication skills are
emphasized, they have to speak a
lot.
The accuracy from the students is
expected and they have to practice
by translation.
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29. Grammar-Translation Method vs.
The Direct Method: A Comparison
in terms of LANGUAGE SKILLS
Direct Method Grammar translation method
Oral communication skills are built
Primary skills to be improved:
up in a carefully grade
Reading and writing.
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30. For your Attention
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