The Direct Method

1. Done by: Nurseiitkyzy A

3.  The Direct Method was developed by Maximilian
Berlitz towards the end of the 19th century as a reaction
to the Grammar Translation Method.

6.  This method argues that a foreign
language can be taught without
translation , unlike the argument of
Grammar-Translation method.
 Rather than translating the teaching
material, the teacher is expected to
directly use the target language in class
because a language can best be taught
by using it actively in the classroom

7.  The teacher should not explain but
associate the meaning through action
and demonstration.
 In this way, learners will be able to
induce grammar rules through
examples, illustrations, and
demonstrations.

8.  This method replaces the textbook
with teacher-student/student-students
activities such as reading aloud,
question-answer exercises, fill-in-the-blank
exercises, etc.

9. Correct pronunciation is given
careful attention in this
method. In addition, new
vocabulary is taught by using
known words.

10. 1. Classroom instruction is conducted exclusively in the
target language. The teacher should demonstrate,
not explain or translate.
2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences are taught.
3. Grammar is taught inductively. There may never be
an explicit grammar rule given.

11. 4. New teaching points are introduced orally
5. Correct pronunciation and grammar are emphasized.
6. Both speech and listening comprehension are taught.
7. Vocabulary is taught through known words,
demonstration, authentic objects ( realia), pictures,
and miming.
8. The teacher, by asking the students to make a choice,
gets him to correct his own error.

12. 9. The syllabus is based on situations or topics, not
usually on linguistic structures.
10. Learning is not merely restricted with formal
language knowledge; it also involves speaker
conventions and descriptive usage.

13. 11. Students should learn to think in the target language
as soon as possible. Vocabulary is acquired more
naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather
than memorizing world lists.
12. The purpose of language learning is communication;
therefore students need to learn how to ask questions
as well as answer them.

14.  Reading aloud
 Question-answer exercise
 Student self-correction
 Conversation practice
 Fill-in-the-blank exercise
 Dictation

15. in terms of GRAMMAR
Direct Method Grammar translation method
In the direct method,
the teacher provides the
knowledge in grammar
inductively through
speaking.
The GTM focuses on grammar
Rules and their application.
Language is learned through
rules.

16. in terms of VOCABULARY
Direct method Grammar – translation
method
The vocabulary is learned
through practice every day.
The vocabulary is learned
through direct translation of
L1. Students learn vocabulary
when they are translated.