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STRATEGIC
 OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY , HEALTH &
  ENVIRONMENT
INTRODUCTION
• Safety is so far an unexplored frontier in
  Pakistan. True, the word “Safety” does
  produce familiar resonance in our ears,
  yet we seldom fathom the implications in
  its totalityAt best barring few progressive
  industrial houses in our country, only lip
  service is considered enough.

• Safety, as a matter of fact after air, water
  & food, is the fourth requirement of all
  living beings. As such, safety should be
  considered as multifaceted commodity
  and not abstract thought.
• This realisation had prompted the west
  in developing the gospel of Safety as an
  applied science .Most universities in
  western world, some as far as1935,
  introduced comprehensive curriculum
  for degree courses. But in our country
  other than Pakistan Air Force, there is
  no organised academic activity on the
  subject.

• The subject is being attended by the
  segment of industry involved in exports,
  purely under compliance compulsions
  imposed by the international buyers
PANELISTS IN THE SEQUENCE OF
   DELIEVERY OF PRESENTATION
• KHALID FAROOQ -    Introduction of
                     Subject/Panelists
• ASMAT ZAHRA    -   Introduction of Subject
                     Organization & Strategic
                     Policy
• AYESHA WAQAR   -   Occupational Safety,
                     Health & Environmental
                                   Objectives
 & Health                   Programs
• HUSSNAIN KAZMI -   Environmental Objectives
                     & Environmental Programs
• FAROOQ MALIK   -   Safety Objectives, Safety
                     Programs, Analysis &
                     Recommendations
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
It refers to the mechanism put in place by an
organization to protect people from risk of
injuries / deaths in their working environment.




 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
It refers to the degree of physical, mental and
social well being of workers in all occupations.
ENVIRONMENT
Our physical surroundings and conditions
including Air, Water, Land, Natural
Resources, Flora & Fauna and their
interaction
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• Killing of more than 14,000 workers in USA
  alone , caused emotional & economic impacts,
  which forced US Congress to pass Occupational
  Safety & Health Act of 1970.This act was
  designed to offer, as far as possible, every
  working man & woman a safe & healthy work
  environment.

• To include as many employers & employees as
  possible all except federal & state government
  employees, self employed & domestic servants
  were exempted.
CREATION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
    & HEALTH ADMINSTRATION

• The Occupational Safety & Health
  Administration was created as primary
  administrative agency for the Occupational
  Safety & Health Act of 1970.

• The Act also created two other agencies-:
  o National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health.
  o Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission.
LOCAL LAWS & REGULATIONS ON
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

• Chapter 3 of Factory Act 1934
• Hazardous Occupational Rules 1978..
• At every province level, the rule have been
  enacted with in the mandate of Factories Act
  1934.
• Other Acts & Ordinances covering
  Occupational Safety & Health.
   – Mines Act 1923
   – Social Security Ordinance 1923
   – Shop and Establishment Ordinance 1969
   – Dock labor Act 1934
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS &
CERTIFICATIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL
         SAFETY & HEALTH
• US Occupational Safety Health Act 1970
  (OSHA)
• British Safety Intrusions (BSI )
  Occupational Health Safety Assessment
  Series (OHSAS 18001 & 18002)
• Environment Health Safety (EHS 14001)
• Social Accountability (SA 8000)
• Quality Management Services (ISO 9001:
  2000)
Style Textiles Pvt. Ltd.
126/3, Kot Lakhpat Industrial Estate,

        Lahore - Pakistan
DOCUMENTARY
CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL
          ACCIDENTS.
•   Poor worker training.
•   Inability to do the job.
•   Lack of understanding of job.
•   Use of improper tools/ equipment.
•   Poor quality of materials
CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL
     ACCIDENTS (Cont)

• Poor maintenance of equipment.
• Poor working conditions.
• Excessive/ tight Scheduling/ work
  standards.
• Lack of adherence to Safety rules
STRATEGIC OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT
   POLICY OF STYLE TEXTILES

 To provide safe, healthy and
 hazard free working environment
 to the employees, enabling them to
 perform to their optimum, in order
 to achieve the       organizational
 desired business objectives.
Interviewee # 1
• Name             : Sajid Rehman
• Designation : G.M Fabric Division
• Experience : 10 Years ,out of which 5 years in Style Textiles.
Question. Can you specify your job title & responsibilities ?
Answer. I am General Manager Fabric division & am responsible for complete
            manufacturing of fabric, starting from knitting upto the development of
            finished fabric.
Question. Your department is the one which requires high standards of
           occupational safety and health, are you satisfied with the existing
           standards.
Answer. My department is quite safe and human friendly which is evident from
           the fact that no major accident has taken place in last five years.
           However high noise level is one problem being faced by my
           department, and we are taking maximum passive safety measures to
           conserve the hearing of the employees in our department.
Question. How do you dispose off your dyeing waste?
Answer. We have a highly efficient state of the art effluent treatment plant and
            are not adding to any pollution neither with in the premises nor to the
            outside society.
Question. Are you satisfied with the existing first aid facilities and
            emergency medical evacuation procedure?
Answer. The standard of first aid in the organization is fairly satisfactory,
            however medical evacuation procedure require some improvement in
    the form of addition of a ambulance and increase in number of
    qualified male/female nurses.
Interviewee # 2
Name          : Talal Mahmmmad
Designation : ESH & Compliance Officer
Experience : 2 Years
Question. What exactly is your job title ?
Answer. My job title is Environment, Safety, Health & Compliance Officer.
Question. Do you think that compliance & Occupational Safety & Health are
          two different subjects.
Answer. No infact occupational safety & health & environment issues fall with in
          the purview of compliance.
Question. Are you satisfied with the existing standards of occupational
          safety, Health & environment in your organization?
Answer. Well we are pretty good follower of the occupational safety health &
          environmental standards. That is why we qualify all the compliance
          audits of different international brand. As regards satisfaction, we
          invariably follow the practices under influence compliance. However
          since the involvement of top management through safety awareness
          committee in the subject the attitudes are changing however this is just
          a beginning.
Question. What is this ESH Walk?
Answer. I have developed a checklist which helps me in checking availability /
           serviceability of all the tangible and intangible things to improve the
           Health Safety & Environment issues, same is being checked through
           ESH walk on daily basis.
Question. What is your channel of reporting?
Answer. I am directly answerable to my GM HR & Admin and he in turns is
           answerable to the Directors .
Undervalues of The Objectives
•   Inactive
•   Reactive
•   Proactive
•   Predictive
•   Holistic
Objectives Developed in the light of
  Strategic Occupational Safety &
            Health Policy

• Health Objectives

• Safety Objectives

• Environmental Objectives
Health Objectives
• To reduce the chances of spreading of
  occupational diseases/ illnesses amongst
  the employees
• To maintain an acceptable noise level in
  work place
• To minimize the spreading of respiratory
  track related diseases amongst the
  employees
Health Programs
• Screening of all employees for hepatitis ‘c’ and
  administration of dose-1 & 2 in phases
  (completion by April 2005 )
• Complete Medical check up of all the employees
  including the testing of Blood Group &
  maintenance of medical cards in HR division
  (an annual practice)
• Hiring the services of a Medical consultant on
  part basis till the completion of a dedicated
  medical inspection room
Health Programs (Contd…)
• To conduct an in house training on the subject of
  first aid & CPR to ensure qualification of min 2%
  employees
• To get selected employees qualified as trainer of
  trainers in the field of first aid & CPR, based on
  their performance in the basic training
• Up grading existing emergency medical
  evacuation procedure by adding an ambulance
  & by enrolling 3 qualified male nurses &1 female
  nurse (completion by march 2005)
Health programs (Contd…)

• Availability of serviceable first aid kits & valid
  medicines round the clock at all the first aid
  boxes
• Well spread shift wise availability of all the
  qualified personnel on the subject of first aid &
  CPR
• Regular training sessions on the subject of
  occupational health for all the employees at
  least once a quarter over & above the training
  imparted at time of induction
• Rehabilitation Program for the employees
  suspected for hepatitis “C”
Interviewee # 3
• Name             : khalid Ali
• Designation : Supervisor Garment Division
• Experience : 15 Years
Question: Which specific department of Garment Division your are working in?
Answer.       I am working in Stitching Department.
Question. What all health related hazards are there in your department?
Answer.       The biggest hazard related to health in my department is spread of
              respiratory track related diseases.
Question. What measures are you taking to minimize the effect of these
             diseases?
Answer.     As you have seen that main cause of these diseases is the fluff flying in
             the environment, nothing much could be done to eliminate this. As a
   result we are left with the option of putting on the requisite mask to
   prevent the inhalation by the workers
Question. Are your worker strictly following the use of masks?
Answer.     To tell you the truth the practice is not being followed religiously, we
             have to force them to use this.
Question. What could be the reason?
Answer.     Since the effects of respiratory track diseases does not emerge
             immediately rather they are long term therefore the workers do not take
             the precautions religiously. There is a general belief that taking “Ghur”
             towards the end of the day utilizes the effects of fluff in the respiratory
             track therefore majority of the workers rely upon that as its suits their
             convenience
Environmental Objectives
• To provide a pollution free work
  environment to the employees
• To maintain a desired level of lighting,
  temperature & humidity in work place
• To plan the disposal of hazardous waste
  material through an effluent process with
  its minimum effects to work place
  environment
Environmental Programs
• Reduction of pollution in workplace through
  awareness training, nonuse of un authorized
  chemicals & required ventilation
• Introduction with characteristics of
  relevant PPE, its correct use& maintaining its
  serviceability
• Conduct of training by qualified instructors on
  the subject of waste management &disposal of
  hazardous material & its implementation
Interviewee # 4
•   Name                   Fida Hussain
•   Designation :           Worker Knitting Department
•   Experience             10 years

Question.    What are the major environment related problems in your
            department?
Answer.     In my department there are two major problems one is flying of fluff
            in the environment and 2nd is the high noise level of the machines.
Question.    What are the recommended measures in your opinion to fight
            these two above mentioned hazards?
Answer.     Principally we should be using masks for protection from fluff and ear
            plugs / muffs for restoration of our hearing.
Question.    How religiously do you use these safety / protection devices?
Answer.      In fact the religiously use is restricted to the compliance visits only,
             as a routine the practice is not being followed.
Question.     What is the reason for not observing this on routine basis?
Answer.      One reason is that while putting on the mask you can not talk to
             each other easily and same way with ear plugs on it is difficult to
             listen to others.
Question.     Do you know the effects of not using these devices?
Answer.      Yes, I know that not putting on the mask can cause respiratory
             diseases and not putting on the ear plugs can damage the hearing.
Interviewee # 5
• Name          : Gulraiz Sharif
• Designation : Worker Dyeing Department
• Experience : 12 Years
Question.   What are potential hazards which can lead to the accidents in
           your department?
Answer.    There are three major areas, i-e high temperature, high noise
           and handling of hazardous chemical material which can cause
           accidents.
Question.   In case of any chemical material related injury, what should be
           done first by your department?
Answer.    In case of any such like accident we immediately take the effectee
           for a shower under supervision a person who is qualified in first aid.
           After this the effectee is evacuated to the nearest hospital.
Question. How do you protect yourself from the hazard of high noise?
Answer.    We use the ear plugs and muffs while operating in high noise area.
Question. Have you ever been subjected to audiometry?
Answer.    I have heard this word during lecture on noise conservation,
           however to the best of my knowledge no one has ever been
           subjected to this test.
Question.   Do you think that the PPE provided to your department is
           sufficient to protect you from the occupational hazards?
Answer.    The first issue of the PPE is fairly alright, however its replenishment
           process on regular basis needs improvement.
WHAT IS INDUSTRIAL SAFETY?
It is a working attitude, which once
inculcated produces a culture of safety
consciousness, which in-turns not only
improves the quality but also adds to the
productivity.
       WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
      CORPORATE SAFETY?
Not the manager corporate safety but the
chief executive himself.
Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting
           Safety Attitudes
•   Status Symbol
•   Illiteracy
•   Lack of General Awareness
•   False Ego
•   Social Taboos
•   Casual Attitude
•   Lack of Information Sharing
•   Individual Convenience
Safety Objectives
• To provide a work environment with least
  chances of accidents to prevent occupational
  deaths/injuries
• To identify the potential safety hazards and
  eliminate them before they grow to cause an
  accident
• To introduce a holistic accident prevention plan
  evolved through an in depth hazard assessment
  process and its continual improvement
Dimensions of Occupational Safety


                  Occupational
                     Safety




 Accident    Health Risk
                           Combating     Worker
Prevention   Prevention
                            Accident   Rehabilitation
STAGES OF SAFETY

  Unconsciously Safe


   Consciously Safe


   Consciously Unsafe


  Unconsciously Unsafe
Safety Programs
• Establishment of Safety Awareness
  Committee & holding its regular meetings

• Attendance of training by selected
  managers on the subject of “Noise control
  & Hearing conservation” & “ Industrial
  Waste management” from CIWE
• Conduct of in house training for the
  employees working in high noise area &
  dyeing department
Safety Programs (Contd ….)
• Establishment of fire fighting committee &
  conduct of regular mock exercises
• Making of an accident prevention plan and its
  execution through a holistic/ proactive strategy
• Introduction of a database for reporting/
  recording of all safety oriented activities
• Restarting of an aggressive program on the
  importance ,use & right placing of safety slogans
  & neon signs
Safety Programs…. (Contd..)
• Conduct of training for all to develop
  awareness on the characteristics,
  importance & correct use of personal
  protective equipment (PPE) & its strict use
  by all
• Introduction of incentives / awards for
  employees contributing towards safety
  awareness & compliance
Cost of Safety

•   Loss of reputation
•   Medical Payments
•   Insurance Premium
•   Compensation Payments
•   Overtime for Replacements
Cost of Safety……..Contd.
•   Production Delays
•   Product Damage
•   Training of Replacements
•   Building & Equipment damage
•   Accident Investigation Costs
Cost Of Safety Vs Cost For Safety
Organization is spending at an average Rs 2.0 m /
year under the head of Cost for Safety in a holistic /
proactive manner and is saving numerous millions
against the Cost of Safety, which is a reactive
spending .Same is well substantiated by the fact
that no accident leading to fatal injuries or even
hospitalization involving surgeries has taken place in
last 3 years

There have been two fatatilities in year 2000, one of a
lift operator & one of contractor's masonry labor both
the accidents were thoroughly investigated &
chances of recurrence have been reduced through
necessary amendment in the SOPs
Recommendations
• Establishment of a corporate occupational
  safety, health & environment database.

• At least 2% of the income be spent to provide
  occupational safety ,health & environmental
  protection to the employees.

• Meetings of safety awareness committee be held
  on regular basis, ensuring maximum participative
  attendance. Proceedings be recorded & decision
  taken be implemented in letter & spirit.
Recommendations…(Contd..)
• Provide rights to information for the safe use of
  machinery & chemicals (in appropriate language)
  down to the lowest level.

• Conduct of environment safety & health walk by ESH
  officer & supervisor on daily basis, with recording of
  observation made & their resolution on priority.

• Creation of safety circles to solve the health, safety
  and environmental oriented problems and recognizing
  the work through requisite acknowledgement in cash
  and kind.

• More stress towards Training & Education on
  Occupational Safety, Health & Environmental issues
  to all & its implementation through role models.
Recommendations… (Contd..)

• Monitory incentives be introduced for the employees
  observing health & safety instructions, special
  incentive for those influencing others.

• Issue of 100% personal protective equipment to all in
  accordance with the job requirement & its regular
  replenishment

• Vantage sites at entrances / exits & walls of shop
  floors be served with slogans addressing
  occupational safety, health & environmental issues
  preferably in local language.
Recommendations…(Contd…)

Power generation unit be relocated at an
appropriate distance from the dormitory.

Maintenance of noise level in accordance with
the average human requirement. Conduct of
annual eudiometry for all employees operating
in high noise area.

Categorization of warning signs in accordance
with their severity and gravity and assigning
the requisite colors.
Recommendations ..(Contd.)
• A medical inspection room be established in the
  factory premises without further delay, so that
  emergency cases can attended to, before
  evacuating them to the hospital.

• Special medical examination be organized twice
  a year for the employees of garment division &
  dyeing department and execution of necessary
  job rotation on the medical recommendations.
Style textile

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Style textile

  • 1. STRATEGIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY , HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT
  • 3. • Safety is so far an unexplored frontier in Pakistan. True, the word “Safety” does produce familiar resonance in our ears, yet we seldom fathom the implications in its totalityAt best barring few progressive industrial houses in our country, only lip service is considered enough. • Safety, as a matter of fact after air, water & food, is the fourth requirement of all living beings. As such, safety should be considered as multifaceted commodity and not abstract thought.
  • 4. • This realisation had prompted the west in developing the gospel of Safety as an applied science .Most universities in western world, some as far as1935, introduced comprehensive curriculum for degree courses. But in our country other than Pakistan Air Force, there is no organised academic activity on the subject. • The subject is being attended by the segment of industry involved in exports, purely under compliance compulsions imposed by the international buyers
  • 5. PANELISTS IN THE SEQUENCE OF DELIEVERY OF PRESENTATION • KHALID FAROOQ - Introduction of Subject/Panelists • ASMAT ZAHRA - Introduction of Subject Organization & Strategic Policy • AYESHA WAQAR - Occupational Safety, Health & Environmental Objectives & Health Programs • HUSSNAIN KAZMI - Environmental Objectives & Environmental Programs • FAROOQ MALIK - Safety Objectives, Safety Programs, Analysis & Recommendations
  • 6. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY It refers to the mechanism put in place by an organization to protect people from risk of injuries / deaths in their working environment. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH It refers to the degree of physical, mental and social well being of workers in all occupations.
  • 7. ENVIRONMENT Our physical surroundings and conditions including Air, Water, Land, Natural Resources, Flora & Fauna and their interaction
  • 8. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND • Killing of more than 14,000 workers in USA alone , caused emotional & economic impacts, which forced US Congress to pass Occupational Safety & Health Act of 1970.This act was designed to offer, as far as possible, every working man & woman a safe & healthy work environment. • To include as many employers & employees as possible all except federal & state government employees, self employed & domestic servants were exempted.
  • 9. CREATION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ADMINSTRATION • The Occupational Safety & Health Administration was created as primary administrative agency for the Occupational Safety & Health Act of 1970. • The Act also created two other agencies-: o National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health. o Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission.
  • 10. LOCAL LAWS & REGULATIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH • Chapter 3 of Factory Act 1934 • Hazardous Occupational Rules 1978.. • At every province level, the rule have been enacted with in the mandate of Factories Act 1934. • Other Acts & Ordinances covering Occupational Safety & Health. – Mines Act 1923 – Social Security Ordinance 1923 – Shop and Establishment Ordinance 1969 – Dock labor Act 1934
  • 11. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & CERTIFICATIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH • US Occupational Safety Health Act 1970 (OSHA) • British Safety Intrusions (BSI ) Occupational Health Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18001 & 18002) • Environment Health Safety (EHS 14001) • Social Accountability (SA 8000) • Quality Management Services (ISO 9001: 2000)
  • 12. Style Textiles Pvt. Ltd. 126/3, Kot Lakhpat Industrial Estate, Lahore - Pakistan
  • 14. CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS. • Poor worker training. • Inability to do the job. • Lack of understanding of job. • Use of improper tools/ equipment. • Poor quality of materials
  • 15. CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS (Cont) • Poor maintenance of equipment. • Poor working conditions. • Excessive/ tight Scheduling/ work standards. • Lack of adherence to Safety rules
  • 16. STRATEGIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT POLICY OF STYLE TEXTILES To provide safe, healthy and hazard free working environment to the employees, enabling them to perform to their optimum, in order to achieve the organizational desired business objectives.
  • 17. Interviewee # 1 • Name : Sajid Rehman • Designation : G.M Fabric Division • Experience : 10 Years ,out of which 5 years in Style Textiles. Question. Can you specify your job title & responsibilities ? Answer. I am General Manager Fabric division & am responsible for complete manufacturing of fabric, starting from knitting upto the development of finished fabric. Question. Your department is the one which requires high standards of occupational safety and health, are you satisfied with the existing standards. Answer. My department is quite safe and human friendly which is evident from the fact that no major accident has taken place in last five years. However high noise level is one problem being faced by my department, and we are taking maximum passive safety measures to conserve the hearing of the employees in our department. Question. How do you dispose off your dyeing waste? Answer. We have a highly efficient state of the art effluent treatment plant and are not adding to any pollution neither with in the premises nor to the outside society. Question. Are you satisfied with the existing first aid facilities and emergency medical evacuation procedure? Answer. The standard of first aid in the organization is fairly satisfactory, however medical evacuation procedure require some improvement in the form of addition of a ambulance and increase in number of qualified male/female nurses.
  • 18. Interviewee # 2 Name : Talal Mahmmmad Designation : ESH & Compliance Officer Experience : 2 Years Question. What exactly is your job title ? Answer. My job title is Environment, Safety, Health & Compliance Officer. Question. Do you think that compliance & Occupational Safety & Health are two different subjects. Answer. No infact occupational safety & health & environment issues fall with in the purview of compliance. Question. Are you satisfied with the existing standards of occupational safety, Health & environment in your organization? Answer. Well we are pretty good follower of the occupational safety health & environmental standards. That is why we qualify all the compliance audits of different international brand. As regards satisfaction, we invariably follow the practices under influence compliance. However since the involvement of top management through safety awareness committee in the subject the attitudes are changing however this is just a beginning. Question. What is this ESH Walk? Answer. I have developed a checklist which helps me in checking availability / serviceability of all the tangible and intangible things to improve the Health Safety & Environment issues, same is being checked through ESH walk on daily basis. Question. What is your channel of reporting? Answer. I am directly answerable to my GM HR & Admin and he in turns is answerable to the Directors .
  • 19. Undervalues of The Objectives • Inactive • Reactive • Proactive • Predictive • Holistic
  • 20. Objectives Developed in the light of Strategic Occupational Safety & Health Policy • Health Objectives • Safety Objectives • Environmental Objectives
  • 21. Health Objectives • To reduce the chances of spreading of occupational diseases/ illnesses amongst the employees • To maintain an acceptable noise level in work place • To minimize the spreading of respiratory track related diseases amongst the employees
  • 22. Health Programs • Screening of all employees for hepatitis ‘c’ and administration of dose-1 & 2 in phases (completion by April 2005 ) • Complete Medical check up of all the employees including the testing of Blood Group & maintenance of medical cards in HR division (an annual practice) • Hiring the services of a Medical consultant on part basis till the completion of a dedicated medical inspection room
  • 23. Health Programs (Contd…) • To conduct an in house training on the subject of first aid & CPR to ensure qualification of min 2% employees • To get selected employees qualified as trainer of trainers in the field of first aid & CPR, based on their performance in the basic training • Up grading existing emergency medical evacuation procedure by adding an ambulance & by enrolling 3 qualified male nurses &1 female nurse (completion by march 2005)
  • 24. Health programs (Contd…) • Availability of serviceable first aid kits & valid medicines round the clock at all the first aid boxes • Well spread shift wise availability of all the qualified personnel on the subject of first aid & CPR • Regular training sessions on the subject of occupational health for all the employees at least once a quarter over & above the training imparted at time of induction • Rehabilitation Program for the employees suspected for hepatitis “C”
  • 25. Interviewee # 3 • Name : khalid Ali • Designation : Supervisor Garment Division • Experience : 15 Years Question: Which specific department of Garment Division your are working in? Answer. I am working in Stitching Department. Question. What all health related hazards are there in your department? Answer. The biggest hazard related to health in my department is spread of respiratory track related diseases. Question. What measures are you taking to minimize the effect of these diseases? Answer. As you have seen that main cause of these diseases is the fluff flying in the environment, nothing much could be done to eliminate this. As a result we are left with the option of putting on the requisite mask to prevent the inhalation by the workers Question. Are your worker strictly following the use of masks? Answer. To tell you the truth the practice is not being followed religiously, we have to force them to use this. Question. What could be the reason? Answer. Since the effects of respiratory track diseases does not emerge immediately rather they are long term therefore the workers do not take the precautions religiously. There is a general belief that taking “Ghur” towards the end of the day utilizes the effects of fluff in the respiratory track therefore majority of the workers rely upon that as its suits their convenience
  • 26. Environmental Objectives • To provide a pollution free work environment to the employees • To maintain a desired level of lighting, temperature & humidity in work place • To plan the disposal of hazardous waste material through an effluent process with its minimum effects to work place environment
  • 27. Environmental Programs • Reduction of pollution in workplace through awareness training, nonuse of un authorized chemicals & required ventilation • Introduction with characteristics of relevant PPE, its correct use& maintaining its serviceability • Conduct of training by qualified instructors on the subject of waste management &disposal of hazardous material & its implementation
  • 28. Interviewee # 4 • Name Fida Hussain • Designation : Worker Knitting Department • Experience 10 years Question. What are the major environment related problems in your department? Answer. In my department there are two major problems one is flying of fluff in the environment and 2nd is the high noise level of the machines. Question. What are the recommended measures in your opinion to fight these two above mentioned hazards? Answer. Principally we should be using masks for protection from fluff and ear plugs / muffs for restoration of our hearing. Question. How religiously do you use these safety / protection devices? Answer. In fact the religiously use is restricted to the compliance visits only, as a routine the practice is not being followed. Question. What is the reason for not observing this on routine basis? Answer. One reason is that while putting on the mask you can not talk to each other easily and same way with ear plugs on it is difficult to listen to others. Question. Do you know the effects of not using these devices? Answer. Yes, I know that not putting on the mask can cause respiratory diseases and not putting on the ear plugs can damage the hearing.
  • 29. Interviewee # 5 • Name : Gulraiz Sharif • Designation : Worker Dyeing Department • Experience : 12 Years Question. What are potential hazards which can lead to the accidents in your department? Answer. There are three major areas, i-e high temperature, high noise and handling of hazardous chemical material which can cause accidents. Question. In case of any chemical material related injury, what should be done first by your department? Answer. In case of any such like accident we immediately take the effectee for a shower under supervision a person who is qualified in first aid. After this the effectee is evacuated to the nearest hospital. Question. How do you protect yourself from the hazard of high noise? Answer. We use the ear plugs and muffs while operating in high noise area. Question. Have you ever been subjected to audiometry? Answer. I have heard this word during lecture on noise conservation, however to the best of my knowledge no one has ever been subjected to this test. Question. Do you think that the PPE provided to your department is sufficient to protect you from the occupational hazards? Answer. The first issue of the PPE is fairly alright, however its replenishment process on regular basis needs improvement.
  • 30. WHAT IS INDUSTRIAL SAFETY? It is a working attitude, which once inculcated produces a culture of safety consciousness, which in-turns not only improves the quality but also adds to the productivity. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CORPORATE SAFETY? Not the manager corporate safety but the chief executive himself.
  • 31. Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Safety Attitudes • Status Symbol • Illiteracy • Lack of General Awareness • False Ego • Social Taboos • Casual Attitude • Lack of Information Sharing • Individual Convenience
  • 32. Safety Objectives • To provide a work environment with least chances of accidents to prevent occupational deaths/injuries • To identify the potential safety hazards and eliminate them before they grow to cause an accident • To introduce a holistic accident prevention plan evolved through an in depth hazard assessment process and its continual improvement
  • 33. Dimensions of Occupational Safety Occupational Safety Accident Health Risk Combating Worker Prevention Prevention Accident Rehabilitation
  • 34. STAGES OF SAFETY Unconsciously Safe Consciously Safe Consciously Unsafe Unconsciously Unsafe
  • 35. Safety Programs • Establishment of Safety Awareness Committee & holding its regular meetings • Attendance of training by selected managers on the subject of “Noise control & Hearing conservation” & “ Industrial Waste management” from CIWE • Conduct of in house training for the employees working in high noise area & dyeing department
  • 36. Safety Programs (Contd ….) • Establishment of fire fighting committee & conduct of regular mock exercises • Making of an accident prevention plan and its execution through a holistic/ proactive strategy • Introduction of a database for reporting/ recording of all safety oriented activities • Restarting of an aggressive program on the importance ,use & right placing of safety slogans & neon signs
  • 37. Safety Programs…. (Contd..) • Conduct of training for all to develop awareness on the characteristics, importance & correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) & its strict use by all • Introduction of incentives / awards for employees contributing towards safety awareness & compliance
  • 38. Cost of Safety • Loss of reputation • Medical Payments • Insurance Premium • Compensation Payments • Overtime for Replacements
  • 39. Cost of Safety……..Contd. • Production Delays • Product Damage • Training of Replacements • Building & Equipment damage • Accident Investigation Costs
  • 40. Cost Of Safety Vs Cost For Safety Organization is spending at an average Rs 2.0 m / year under the head of Cost for Safety in a holistic / proactive manner and is saving numerous millions against the Cost of Safety, which is a reactive spending .Same is well substantiated by the fact that no accident leading to fatal injuries or even hospitalization involving surgeries has taken place in last 3 years There have been two fatatilities in year 2000, one of a lift operator & one of contractor's masonry labor both the accidents were thoroughly investigated & chances of recurrence have been reduced through necessary amendment in the SOPs
  • 41. Recommendations • Establishment of a corporate occupational safety, health & environment database. • At least 2% of the income be spent to provide occupational safety ,health & environmental protection to the employees. • Meetings of safety awareness committee be held on regular basis, ensuring maximum participative attendance. Proceedings be recorded & decision taken be implemented in letter & spirit.
  • 42. Recommendations…(Contd..) • Provide rights to information for the safe use of machinery & chemicals (in appropriate language) down to the lowest level. • Conduct of environment safety & health walk by ESH officer & supervisor on daily basis, with recording of observation made & their resolution on priority. • Creation of safety circles to solve the health, safety and environmental oriented problems and recognizing the work through requisite acknowledgement in cash and kind. • More stress towards Training & Education on Occupational Safety, Health & Environmental issues to all & its implementation through role models.
  • 43. Recommendations… (Contd..) • Monitory incentives be introduced for the employees observing health & safety instructions, special incentive for those influencing others. • Issue of 100% personal protective equipment to all in accordance with the job requirement & its regular replenishment • Vantage sites at entrances / exits & walls of shop floors be served with slogans addressing occupational safety, health & environmental issues preferably in local language.
  • 44. Recommendations…(Contd…) Power generation unit be relocated at an appropriate distance from the dormitory. Maintenance of noise level in accordance with the average human requirement. Conduct of annual eudiometry for all employees operating in high noise area. Categorization of warning signs in accordance with their severity and gravity and assigning the requisite colors.
  • 45. Recommendations ..(Contd.) • A medical inspection room be established in the factory premises without further delay, so that emergency cases can attended to, before evacuating them to the hospital. • Special medical examination be organized twice a year for the employees of garment division & dyeing department and execution of necessary job rotation on the medical recommendations.