"Microbial Genomics @NIST" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Nathan Olson from NIST.
Development of FDA MicroDB: A Regulatory-Grade Microbial Reference DatabaseNathan Olson
"Development of FDA MicroDB: A Regulatory-Grade
Microbial Reference Database" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by the National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Heike Sichtig, PhD from the FDA and Luke Tallon from IGS UMSOM.
Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pat...Nathan Olson
"Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pathogens" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by the National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Rebecca Lindsey, PhD from Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch of the CDC.
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.1.3- Next Generation Sequencing. Technologies and Applications. Part III: NGS Applications II.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pat...nist-spin
"Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pathogens" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Rebecca Lindsey, PhD from Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch of the CDC.
Presentation on material selection and characterization of microbial genomic reference materials being developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
Dr. Douglas Marthaler - Use of Next Generation Sequencing for Whole Genome An...John Blue
Use of Next Generation Sequencing for Whole Genome Analysis of Pathogens - Dr. Douglas Marthaler, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2016 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 17-20, 2016, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-leman-swine-conference-material
Development of FDA MicroDB: A Regulatory-Grade Microbial Reference DatabaseNathan Olson
"Development of FDA MicroDB: A Regulatory-Grade
Microbial Reference Database" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by the National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Heike Sichtig, PhD from the FDA and Luke Tallon from IGS UMSOM.
Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pat...Nathan Olson
"Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pathogens" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by the National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Rebecca Lindsey, PhD from Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch of the CDC.
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.1.3- Next Generation Sequencing. Technologies and Applications. Part III: NGS Applications II.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pat...nist-spin
"Next Generation Sequencing for Identification and Subtyping of Foodborne Pathogens" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Rebecca Lindsey, PhD from Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch of the CDC.
Presentation on material selection and characterization of microbial genomic reference materials being developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
Dr. Douglas Marthaler - Use of Next Generation Sequencing for Whole Genome An...John Blue
Use of Next Generation Sequencing for Whole Genome Analysis of Pathogens - Dr. Douglas Marthaler, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2016 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 17-20, 2016, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-leman-swine-conference-material
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
Metagenomics research is a vast field which studies about the genetic system of the
environmental samples. Binning is a bioinformatics tool. Binning tool helps to analyses the
genomic analysis of the environmental samples.The
This presents a number of case studies on the application on high-throughput sequencing (HTS), next generation sequencing (NGS), to biological problems ranging from human genome sequencing, identification of disease mutations, metagenomics, virus discovery, epidemic, transmission chains and viral populations. Presented at the University of Glasgow on Friday 26th June 2015.
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
"Bacterial Pathogen Genomics at NCBI" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Dr. Bill Klimke.
Metagenomics is the study of metagenomes, genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field was referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics. Recent studies use "shotgun" Sanger sequencing or next generation sequencing (NGS) to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the members of the sampled communities.
K-mers in metagenomics
K-mers play a critical role in the exploration of metagenomic data. They have been widely used to assign taxonomic attributions to the short genomic fragments characteristic of shotgun (metagenomic) sequencing. These approaches provide an assembly-free method for profiling microbial communities, and have helped elucidate the factors driving microbial community composition across biogeochemical gradients. Advances in sequencing technology are now making it cost-effective to sequence microbial communities at sufficient depths to allow for the assembly of high-quality contigs. This has made it possible to adopt k-mer based approaches to enable reliable binning of contigs originating from a single microbial population within a community. In this session, I will present both an overview of how k-mers can be used to assign taxonomic attributions to short metagenomic reads, and discuss how these approaches have advanced to a point where population genomes can be recovered en masse from even complex microbial communities.
Building bioinformatics resources for the global communityExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/wgs-on-food-safety-management/en/
Building bioinformatics resources for the global community. Presentation from the Technical Meeting on the impact of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on food safety management and GMI-9, 23-25 May 2016, Rome, Italy.
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
Metagenomics research is a vast field which studies about the genetic system of the
environmental samples. Binning is a bioinformatics tool. Binning tool helps to analyses the
genomic analysis of the environmental samples.The
This presents a number of case studies on the application on high-throughput sequencing (HTS), next generation sequencing (NGS), to biological problems ranging from human genome sequencing, identification of disease mutations, metagenomics, virus discovery, epidemic, transmission chains and viral populations. Presented at the University of Glasgow on Friday 26th June 2015.
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
"Bacterial Pathogen Genomics at NCBI" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Dr. Bill Klimke.
Metagenomics is the study of metagenomes, genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field was referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics. Recent studies use "shotgun" Sanger sequencing or next generation sequencing (NGS) to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the members of the sampled communities.
K-mers in metagenomics
K-mers play a critical role in the exploration of metagenomic data. They have been widely used to assign taxonomic attributions to the short genomic fragments characteristic of shotgun (metagenomic) sequencing. These approaches provide an assembly-free method for profiling microbial communities, and have helped elucidate the factors driving microbial community composition across biogeochemical gradients. Advances in sequencing technology are now making it cost-effective to sequence microbial communities at sufficient depths to allow for the assembly of high-quality contigs. This has made it possible to adopt k-mer based approaches to enable reliable binning of contigs originating from a single microbial population within a community. In this session, I will present both an overview of how k-mers can be used to assign taxonomic attributions to short metagenomic reads, and discuss how these approaches have advanced to a point where population genomes can be recovered en masse from even complex microbial communities.
Building bioinformatics resources for the global communityExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/wgs-on-food-safety-management/en/
Building bioinformatics resources for the global community. Presentation from the Technical Meeting on the impact of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on food safety management and GMI-9, 23-25 May 2016, Rome, Italy.
this is done by me and my team mates of Wayamba University Sri Lanka for our project.From now we decided to allow download this file.I would be greatful if you could send your comments..
And I'm willing to help you in similar works.I'm in final year of my degree(.BSc Biotechnology)..
pubudu_gokarella@yahoo.com
"Microbial Genomics @NIST" presentation at the Standards for Pathogen Identification via NGS (SPIN) workshop hosted by the National Institute for Standards and Technology October 2014 by Nathan Olson from NIST.
tranSMART Community Meeting 5-7 Nov 13 - Session 3: transmart’s application t...David Peyruc
tranSMART Community Meeting 5-7 Nov 13 - Session 3: tranSMART’s Application to Clinical Biomarker Discovery Studies in Sanofi
Sherry Cao, Sanofi
This presentation will discuss challenges we are encountering in clinical biomarker discovery
study and how we are using tranSMART to help to address them.
This presentation include these contents:
What is PCR?
Applications of PCR
Advantages of PCR
Limitations of PCR
PCR vs Cloning
Restrictions of PCR
Things to try if PCR does not work..
Conclusion
Presentation by Justin Zook at GRC/GIAB ASHG 2017 workshop "Getting the most from the reference assembly and reference materials" on benchmarks for indels and structural variants.
Microbiome Identification to Characterization: Pathogen Detection Webinar Ser...QIAGEN
The research community has begun correlating the makeup of individual microbiomes with disorders and diseases such as autism, atherosclerosis, obesity and cancer. To accomplish this, researchers must first identify and characterize these microbial communities. This slidedeck will begin with a general introduction of metagenomics and an overview of experimental strategies. Following this, a comprehensive microbiome assay pipeline will be introduced. We conclude with application-based examples that demonstrate how to identify and characterize microbiome profiles.
tranSMART Community Meeting 5-7 Nov 13 - Session 5: Advancing tranSMART Analy...David Peyruc
tranSMART Community Meeting 5-7 Nov 13 - Session 5: Advancing tranSMART Analytical Capabilities with Knowledge Content
Sirimon Ocharoen, Thomson Reuters
To effectively analyze data in tranSMART, biological analysis/knowledge-based approach is needed. Through a case study, we will demonstrate how system biology content can be integrated in tranSMART to enable functional analysis and biological interpretation. We will also share our experience and user feedbacks from various projects.
Enhance Genomic Research with Polygenic Risk Score Calculations in SVSGolden Helix
Golden Helix’s SNP & Variation Suite (SVS) has been used by researchers around the world to do trait analysis and association testing on large cohorts of samples in both humans and other species. The latest SVS release introduces a significant leap in capabilities, with a focus on advanced Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) calculations. PRS has become a fundamental tool in genomic research, enabling the identification of correlations between genotypic variants and phenotypes across large populations.
This enhancement is particularly relevant for researchers working on large cohorts and meta-analysis. Please join us as we explore:
-SVS Workflow Review: A review of the extensive capabilities of SVS to meaningful insights from large cohorts and association test result datasets
-Computing Polygenic Risk Scores: An overview of the PRS capabilities in SVS, including Clumping and Thresholding and creation of multiple PRS models
-Evaluating and Applying PRS: Evaluating PRS models in-sample and out-of-sample and applying PRS models to perform trait prediction
-Future Implications: Brief exploration of how these advancements in SVS could influence future genomic research.
This webcast will explore how SVS facilitates the creation of multiple PRS models from large-scale genomic data, such as those obtained from extensive cohort studies or comprehensive meta-analyses. Join us to discover how these latest updates in SVS are supporting large-scale genomic research.
Do you know the benefits of genetic analysis? Check out this reference guide to learn about this field of science. From cancer research to molecular biology, this branch of research can teach analysts a lot about the body.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
2. ● Example Microbial and Genomic Programs
○ ERCC spike in controls
○ Genome In a Bottle
○ Biothreat Detection
● Three Microbial Genomics Projects
○ Genomic Purity
○ SNP Method Evaluation
○ Genomic Reference Materials
Talk Overview
Disclaimer
Opinions expressed in this paper are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of DHS, NIST, or
affiliated venues. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to specify the
experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendations or endorsement by NIST,
nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
Microbial Genomics @ NIST
3. External RNA Control Consortium
Advancing Genomic and
Biothreat Detection Metrology
Biothreat Detection
Genome In A Bottle Consortium
20. Detected contaminants down to 5.0 x 10-4
% of cells
● Sensitivity Dependent on
○ Relative size of the sample and
contaminant genomes
○ Genetic similarity of sample and
contaminant to other organisms in the
database
Genomic Purity
21. Able to Detect Contaminants at less than 1% Cell
Concentrations for Most Pairwise Comparisons
Genomic Purity
22. Conclusions
● Next generation sequencing in conjunction with read classification
algorithms can be used to assess sample purity
● Achieved
○ Genus level classification specificity
○ With sensitivity ranging from 5% to 2.5 x 10-4
%
● Future work includes further validation of the method using real
mixtures
Genomic Purity
25. SNP Method Evaluation Requirements
1. Reference with known truth
○ Genomic DNA
○ Data
■ real vs. simulated
2. Performance metrics
3. Replicates for assessing
uncertainty
○ multiple sequencing runs
○ bootstrap replicates
○ multiple reference genomes
SNP Method Evaluation
27. Truth Table Values Used to Calculate Performance Metrics
SNP Method Evaluation
Quality Score Algorithm
28. Conclusions
● Three requirements for evaluation
○ Reference with known truth
○ Performance metrics
○ Replicates for uncertainty assessment
● Working to develop tools for implementing these requirements
● Application of these requirements will help to establish confidence
in SNP based sample identification
SNP Method Evaluation
30. Strains selected based on
public health relevance and GC content
Genomic Reference Materials
31. Orthogonal Methods used to Characterize Genome
Structure, Sequence, and Purity
Genomic Reference Materials
32. ● Microbial genomic reference materials characterized
○ Genome Structure
○ Sequence
○ Purity
○ Stability
● Material and data will help validate pathogen detection
assays as well as sequencing and bioinformatic
workflows.
Genomic Reference Materials
Conclusions
34. ● Biosystems and Biomaterials Division
● Genome Scale Measurements
Genomic Purity
● Justin Zook
● Nancy Lin
MIcrobial Genomic Reference Materials
● Marc Salit
● Justin Zook
● Steven Lund
● Scott Jackson
● Marc Allard and others at FDA
● Heike Sichtig at the FDA
SNP Calling Method Evaluation
● NIST
○ Jayne Morrow
○ Justin Zook
○ Steven Lund
○ Nancy Lin
○ Marc Salit
● Northern Arizona University
○ Jim Schrup
○ Becky Coleman
○ Jason Sahl
○ Paul Keim
● University of New Hampshire
○ Jeff Foster
This work was supported by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology
Directorate under the Interagency Agreement HSHQPM-12-X-00078 with NIST and by two interagency
agreements with the FDA.
Acknowledgements